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1、分享初中英语之个常见介词用法集团琼准化小组：VVOPPT-JOPP28-JPPTL98-LOPPNN初中英语介词用法总括l.in序号功能含义1表示时间在某段时间在某个地方2表示位置在某个场所理解核心典型例句朝代、古今、世纪、年代、年、季、月、星期、早、下午、晚上、过去、将来等不具体的、模糊的In Tang dynasty;in the 19century;in 1980;in this year;in大于 1 天的时间段，spring;in a week;in a month;in the morning（注意和 at 在这方面的区别：at 指的是短于 1 天的时间点)国家、地 区、省、市、区
2、、太空、天空等In china;in huabei;in Beijing;in the sky（自然意义上的地方）车、教室、超市等In the train;in the classroom;（注意和 at 在这方面的区别，R 一般用在：家、角、店、站、口等可能有和露天接触的地方）We are in the classroom;除实物里面外，注意“光、灯、影、树荫、雨、森They are sitting in the shade of a tree：They are林”，有全身置入某种环境之中的含义在内。studying in the birghtlight.用在一般将来时中，是从“现在时间点往
3、后They will come back in 10 days关于“材料”，注意和 With 在这个用法上的区 别。I wrote a novel in Russian：The length is measured in meter,and centimetre：This（with 偏向“工具”，in 偏向“材料”）board was cast in gold.甲处于乙中3表示将来在以后/语言4不位材料态面5服饰状方初中阶段应掌握的 In的常见短语/介词短语He wasn t in good health,so talk in low voice.Our状态：既可以指人的状态，也可指物的状态；
4、方面：country in rich in natural resources;既可指具体，也可指抽象方而；服饰：尤以颜色和状A good teacher must be an example in study态常考He is in red shoes todayin all 总计；in general 一般来说：in time 及时：in advance 事前；in the meantime 与此同时；in place 适 当地:in the hope of 怀着.希望；in connection with 和.有关；in contact with 和.联 系；inaddition to 除
5、.以外；in case of 倘若，万一;in conflict with 和 冲突；in force 有效的，大批；in depth 彻底地；in regard to 关于；in the neighborhood of 大约、邻近；in retrospect 回顾，一想起；in behalf of 代表 利，益；in the long run 从长远说来；in one s opinion 在.看来；in word 口 头上；in a word 总之；in vain 无益地，白白地；in case 如果，万一，以防；in detail 详细地；in haste 急急忙忙地；in conclus
6、ion 总之：in spite of尽管；in other words 换句话说；in return 作为回报；in the name of 以.名 义；be confident in 对.有 信心;be interested in 对.感兴趣；in doubt 怀疑；in love 恋爱中；in debt 负债;in hesitation 犹豫不决；inwonder 在惊奇中；in public（secret）公开他（秘密地）；in a good mood（情 绪）好;in danger,in debt（负债）,ina hurry：in stock（有库存）;in peace（平安）（at
7、peace 和平）,动词短语believe in 信任；break in break in 闯入，插嘴，打断;bring in 引起；产生：带来；come in 进来；流行：call in卜.令收回；take in 吸收、卷起：订阅，上当，受骗：turn in 上缴，归还：fill in 填充：get in 收获：succeed in成功；check in 到达登记，cut in 插嘴,插入；count in 包括：draw in 时间接近：drop in 顺路拜 访：give in 投降、屈服；go in for 参加；爱好，追求：hand in 交上，上缴；pour in 源源而来。2.o
8、n序号1功能表示时间含义理解核心在某天或一天内的某 个 在星期几、具体的某一天。r 某日的早、中、晚时间段（时间前有定语修饰）典型例句On Sunday(Mon.Tue)；on May 12=1998;on the night of:Oct.29;on Wed.morning;on a cold night;on childrenday(核心提示：所有的节日都是用。n)shelf;There are a lot of books on the Onthe face;on the head;on thefloorfootballfieldplaygroudroadroof|0n thefarm
9、on the market(常考)On TV;on radio;surf on the internet;on the phone；Youare wrong on all these issuesOn the left;on the right;on both sides;there is a hotelon the lakeOn duty;on show;on fire;on strike;on sale;onbusiness;on schedule;on time;on the country；on scaleI want a book on South Africa.He wrote a
10、n article on the importance of birth controlThe people in the south live on rice;You cant afford the expensive ring on an income of 1000yuan a month;on footOn entering the room,he found his friends dancing；（具体）在上而 与物体表面相接触（注意与 aboveover 的区别）2表示位置收音机、电视、电话、网络、手机、问题、纸张（所有有形的，无形的“新闻媒体上”都是用（抽象）在上而on）在（边
11、）上3表示状态处于状态左、右、两边人或者物的目前状态；潘)F文章 or 证）On 指专门论述（注意和 about 相区别）(高中阶段学握4表示关系靠-就()高中阶段掌握相当于 depend on 的含义5特定时间相当于 as soon as+主语的含义On the spot、一场：立即；on the run 在逃跑中；On the air 在广播中：on fire 着火；on time 准时；on duty 值日；on strike 罢工；on sale 上市；on the country 相反地；on schedule 按 时间表，准时；on business 公事；on初中阶段应掌握 In
12、的常见短语介词短语display 在展出；on the one hand 一方面；on the other hand 另一方面；on one s way to 在 路上；onone s own=by oneself;on top of;and so on 等等；on purpose 故意,专门特别注意：乘坐交通工具都用by,但on foot步行；on horse骑马；on donkey骑驴动词短语Bring on 引起，导致；call on 号召，拜访：decide on 决定；depend on 依靠，取决于：get on 上车：相处：进展；go on 继续；get on with 进展，相
13、处：look on 旁观，观望：look onas 把.看/当作；lookdown on 看不起，轻视；pass on 传递，传交；hand on 传递下去：put on 表演，上演：戴/穿上：假装：takeon 呈现，具有：流行：承担，雇用：turn on 打开（灯，气，水，电器等）；work on 继续工作，钻研（学问或技术）；carry on 继续开展，坚持；hold on 继续；（电话）不挂断：抓牢，坚持;try on 试穿。3.at序号功能含义心典型例句At noon;at night;at midnight;at dawn;at lunch;atbreakfast;at suppe
14、r;at dinner;at the moment;at the sametime;at once;at the beginning of;at the end of;at the ageof;at daybreak：at sunrise;at sunset;at 7 o clock|at(on)the weekend 常考1表示时间在时刻岁时In 是时间段，at 是时间点，相对更精确2表示地点在位置或场所家、脚、角、店、站、口、底、中心、核心at the foot of;at the corner of;at thecrossroads;at the gate of;at he bottom
15、 of;at thetop of;at the center of;at a distance;at theedge of;at home;at the barbar s;at theairport;at the station;at 405 Victory Road The car ran at 120miles an hour;At full speedWater usually boils at 100;at 10 degrees centigradeThe pen was sold at a good price;at low cost3速度表示度温度价格表示方向朝，向表示原因1 由于
16、（高中阶段掌搦表示能力以速度在度按价格表示助作的方向 1456擅长于Aim at 向瞄准：shout at 向大喊：throw at 向扔：smile at 向.微笑：rush at 向冲去;fire at 向.开火I was surprised at the news;一般用在系表结构中，对形容词的原因进行说 明He was discouraged at his failure固定考点：be good at;be bad at;an expertHe is good at drawing(at 后接名词或动名词)at介词短语初中阶段应掌握In的常见短语at first首先，开始时；at la
17、st;at most;at least至少；at all events无论如何；at home在家，无拘束：at a loss不知怎办；at any rate不管怎样；at length详细地；be at high tide处于高潮期;at our invitation应我们的邀请；at our request应我们的请求;at the news听到这消息；at the risk of冒.危险；at a great expense以巨大费用；atintervals of每隔；at the sight of一见到at the point of接近，靠近；at the thought of想到；a
18、t the speed of以.速度;at the cost（price）of以.为代价;atleisure闲着、失业：at stake在危险中、在成败关头；at bottom实际上、本质上；at shortnotice一得到通知；at seeing us看到我们；at the present stage在现阶段；at the weekend周末；at all times永远；动词短语call at 访问（某地）：come at 袭击，攻击；get at 意指，本意是；理解：到达；knock at 敲打（门窗），敲击；look at 看；work at 从事，致力于，钻研；laugh at 嘲
19、笑：glare at 怒目而视：glance at 匆匆一 瞥；point at 指向4.about序号1234含义关于、有关大约，近于到处，在周围，附近What about（习惯用语）理解核心典型例句This is a book about how to study english表示时间或数量相当于 here and thereAbout 为介词，所以后接动词 ing 形式I will be with you in about 3minutes;There are about 30students in the classroom.He walked about the street.Wh
20、at about taking a break?go about 着手，四处走走；set about 着手，开始;worry about 为担心；come about 发生；care about 关心、在意；bringabout 引起,带来，导致;knock about 漫游：look about 四处看看，四处环顾：set about doing 着手做，开始：turn about 向后转：think动词短语about 考虑（是否去做）：argue about 争论；know about 了解；hear about 听说；ask about 询问；chat about 闲聊；quarrel
21、about 争吵；speak/talk about 谈论；complain about 报怨序号含义1高于，在之上典型例句The mountain is 2000meters above the sea level（位置）；I know you*re above me socially,but I must say you are rude man（职位）表示位置、地位、年龄、价格、量（重、The old lady is above eighty（年龄）;数、度）、音调等There are above forty girl students in the class（数量）;Our priva
22、te car weighs L8tons（重量）；Any money earned over that level is taxed（度量）The maths problem is above me;Honest above everything else;He is above doing such things（他不至于做出那样的事情 来）理解核心2非能力所及，超出能力、行为、品质等介词短语Above all 首先，最重要的是，最要紧的是：He was above all a good and tireless writer;above all,we must be health6.acr
23、oss序号12含义横过、穿过在对面，在那一边表示动作的方向表示位置上的对应关系，在隔着的对而理解核心典型例句He swam across the river;The policeman helped the old man walk across the street.He lives across the street;Japan lies across the pacific ocean常见短语Come across 偶遇；get across 横穿马路：能理解，被听懂；run across 偶遇，横跨：7.against序号1含义撞到、紧靠心表示动作的方向，有靠、撞击的意思典型例句I h
24、ave hit my head against a wall;She stood with her back against the tree;The rain beat against the windowsAre you for or against the plan?反对（赞成的反义）逆方向；违背（意愿等）There were 20 votes for her and 12 against her;He is swimming against this current.She did it against her own willThey saved money against old
25、age.The red flag is fluttering against the blue sky;His red clothes stook out clearly against the snow.2反、逆、违背34以防1（大学阶段掌握此用法）1（高中阶段掌握此用法）表示陪衬常见短语Go against 违反、违背、反对；stand against 反对，不支持：turn against（转而）反对，背叛；run against 违反,偶然遇到：fight against 与 斗争;over against 正对着，在.对面（fe：he lived over against the s
26、chool）8.after序号含义心典型例句After breakfast he ordered a taxi.Shut the door after you;After you,please.A few kilometres after the village,turn right toMontelabate1（时间、顺序、位置）在之后表时间时，后面跟的是个时间点|2探求、追求、追寻、找与 be 动词或其它动词合用时，有此含义A police is running after a thief;He is after a job at our place;I think he is only
27、after money.What are youafterI am looking for my wallet.Make sentence after the example That was a play afterShakespeare.They named the building after the scientist.After failing in the last two English tests,he made up hismind to spend more time on English study.3按照、仿照、依照、效仿相当于 according to 的含义4由于，
28、尽管|高级用法，高中阶段掌握|After all his efforts,John has failed.Day after day 日复一日；year after year 年复一年；One after nother 一个接一，个地，相继；after a介词短语little/moment/while 1ST 一会；after all 毕竟，终究；after one s heart 合.的心；after service 售后服务，after the fashion 勉强(fe：He can speak and write English after a fashion 他多少会说一些英语但不太
29、好)；常见短语动词短语Look after 照顾，照看：take after 相像，长得像，效仿(John takes after his dad)：ask after 问候，beafter 寻求，do(sth.)after 学着做，go after 设法得到，inquire after 问候，run after 追求，seek after 追逐9.along序号1含义顺着，沿着理解核心表具体：沿着具体物体的边缘We walked along the street.典型例句2顺着，沿着表抽象：沿用抽象事物的方向发展（该用法My life is going along nicely为 along
30、 的副词用法）1.Along with 与一起(fe：The babys mother escaped from the fire along with two other children)；2.all along 一直(fe:Ive been fooling myself all along)常见短语3.bring along 把带来,领来；使发展(Did you bring along some books?)e along 出现：沿着 过来；加油；进展5.get on/along(with.)进展；相处10.among序号1含义在之中：在.中间理解核心典型例句表具体：三者或者三者以上之
31、中I found him among the crowdPlease divide the cake among you fourMost important among the country,s problems is the lack of healthfacilities.表抽象2之一相当于 one of 的功能Einstein is among the greatest scientists备注-among 与 between 的区别：三者与两者之间的区别。但在下列情况，between 可用于三者：（D 当两个以 上的人或物用 and 连接时：between A,B and C 在
32、A、B、C 之间：（2）涉及事物之间的区别或各国之间 的关系时：thedifference between the three of them他们三者之间的区别 the relations between various countries 各国之间的关系;表示由于合作的结果”时：Between them they landed the fish 二他们协力把鱼拖上了岸。（4）在 divide,share 等表示“分享”之类的动词之后，若接一个表 示三者或三者以上的复数名词时，用 amongbetween 均可：He divided his money among between his fi
33、ve sons.他把钱分给了 5 个儿子。11.as序号1含义作为，当作理解核心典型例句Don t treat me as a child;注意和 as for 的区别（as for 为I speak now as a friend,not as a teacher.至于，关于）As for me,I don t mind going there by train;The play started as I got there;As I was a child,I liked singing very much23当时候，在同时正如，就像因为，由于as 当“连词”时的用法As you can
34、see,we are still working.We have a very wonderful TV,but we hardly watch it as we have somuch housework to do.备注1.As*,as 像 一样(fe：the little girl over there looks as beautiful as my daughter);2.as long as 只要(fe:As long as you can keep away from them,you*re safe)3.as a matter of fact adv.事实上(fe:Im lea
35、ving for Beijing tomorrow,as a matter of fact.)4 as a whole adv.，总体上(fe:We must consider these matters as a whole)5.as far as adv.远到，直到，至于(6.As if 好象.似的仿佛.一样7.as well as adv.也,又8.as well 也(fe:Water is colourless,air as well)9.not so much.as.与其说 不如说是(fe：He is not so much a writer as a reporter)10.suc
36、h as 像，例如：譬如：诸如(fe：Many basic foodstuffs,such as bread and milk,are tax-free)-11.look on*.as 把.看作.LL before序号含义在以前：在前面；在之前以前，以往在以前理解核心表示时间 表示位置 表示顺序典型例句We have to finish the work before 10o clock.He made a speech before a lot of audienceHe arrived before me.She had never been to Italy beforeI want t
37、o think it over before I decide about it123（此时 Before 做副词）（此时 before 做连词）常用短语1.before long 不久；(fe：I hope to see you again before long)Weve seen that film long2.long before 很久以前(fe:before)1J k behind序号含义比晚：迟于在后面理解核心表示时间表示位置12典型例句Your ideas are behind the times;He arrived ten minutes behind time.He hi
38、de himself behind the tree.There is someone behind you.34落后于，低于，7 R 如半盾支持；作为的片表抽象：表示力量、能力等此时相当于 support 的作用1.behind schedule 不准时2.behind the times 过时的3.behind the curtain 在幕后I am far behind you in EnglishJohn,s behind the rest of the class in reading.He had his mother behind him.常用短语14 below14.far b
39、ehind 在后而很远，把远远的甩在身后5.left behind 遗留，留下（被动语句中更常用）序号含义在以下理解核心典型例句123低于，在.以下惧做表示位置Don t write your answer below this line;（below 含某个水平线或水平而以下的意思，而Fish were swimming below the surface of the water.under 是某个物体以下）He can t be below fifty.表示年龄He is below me in the class;表示能力、级别、价值、程度、数量等His income is below
40、 the average income in the area：During thenight,temperatures dropped below zero.15.beside序号12含义在旁边：在.附近和相比理解核心表具体位置：表示地点引申用法|（大学阶段掌握）|典型例句He sat beside her all night;I want to buy a beautiful beside the river.Beside his,my trouble is nothing;My work condition looks poor beside hers短语Be beside onesel
41、f(with sth)因而忘形，失去控制I was beside myself with joy.16.besides序号1含义除.以外（还有）理解核心注意和 except 的区别典型例句Besides English,we have to study math,Chinese and so on.（except 用来引出陈述中唯一不适用的事Besides cancer,smoking can lead other diseases2另外，再说物、情形、人或想法，是从整体中除去：而She is a nice girl except a bit ugly.There wasn*t anythin
42、g in the box except a few dirty clothesbesides 只是特别强调而已）（此时当副词）I don*t like that new dictionary,besides,its too expensive17.between序号1含义理解核心具体：表示时间、位置、数量在之间（两者）（常和 and 常用）2抽象：表示比较、分配、关系、性质等典型例句The lunch hour is between 11 and 13pm;Shanxi province is between henan and gansuThe temperature is between
43、25 degree and 30 all weekWhat s the differencde between women and man?They shared the chocolate between the two of them;The relations between teachers and students are excellent My job isbetween a secretary and a personal assistant.18.beyond序号1含义在的那边：在以外：理解核心表示具体位置：在某物体的范围之外典型例句The airport is 20mile
44、s beyond the town;What lies beyond themountains?This book is beyond me;He is living beyond his income;The beauty of West Lake ia beyond words;The watch is damaged beyond repairHe came home beyond the usual time;超出，高于2过了，比.晚,迟于3表示时间表示抽象的范围、限度等19.bu1序号含义除了.：除了.之外常用短语理解核心典型例句She has no choice but to cr
45、y.He not only studies hard but also works well；Not only did he make a promise,but also he kept it（倒装）12Not only-but also 不但而且20.by序号1含义在.旁边，身边理解核心表示位置，相当于 beside 的意思典型例句He stood by the window and look out over the fields;只是 by 可以用于引申含义23到时候（为止，以前）按；以表示时间（跟时间点）表示标准，度量，数量4乘、靠、用、以、通过、被表示方法、方式、手段等（海、陆、空
46、、车、偶、被）表示程度（高级用法，大学阶段掌握）11.call by 顺道访问：L0相差I haven t got any money by me.He is sure to come by 3 O clock.The homework need to be ready by next Friday.In America many workers were paid by the week;Don*t judge a man by his clothes/looks;The cotton crop has increased by 25%this yearby land(air,sea,wat
47、er,bus)陆路(航空，水陆，水路，乘公共汽车)；by chance 偶然by accident 偶然，无意中The law of relativity was formulated by Einstein.I will contact you by letter/phoneHe missed the train by five minutes;He is taller than his father by 2 centimeters动词短语e by 从旁走过;3.go up by 上升到了4.goby（从旁）走过/经过;依照，遵循：顺便走访：5.pass by 经过6.stand by 支持（某人）：袖手旁观：7.By and by 不久以后：By mistake 由于差错导致:Day by day 一天天地By oneself 独自地；By the way 顺便问一句Little by little 逐渐地，一点点地;One by one 一个一个地：Side by side 肩并肩：Hand by hand 手拉手Learn by heart 记住介词短语