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1、模具设计与制造专业英语教材 Revised as of 23 November 202021世纪全国高校应用人才培养机电类规划教材模具设计与制造专业英语English for Die&Mould Design and Manufacturing刘建雄王家惠廖丕博主编ContentsChapter 1Chapter 1Stamping Forming and Die DesignStamping Forming and Die Design.1Introduction.1Blanking and Punching Dies.4Blanking.4Blanking Deformation Proc
2、ess.5Blanking Workpiece Quality.8Blanking and Punching Dies.10Blanking Tools.15Bending Dies.18Simple Bends.19Bending Allowance.20Bending Tool.21Chapter 2Chapter 2Plastics MoldsPlastics Molds.23Introduction.23The Properties of Plastics.24Thermosets.25Thermoplastics.25Fillers.26Properties of Plastics.
3、26Injection Molds.32Injection Molding.32Injection Molds.34Mold Machine.39Compression and Transfer Molds.43Compression Molding.43Transfer Molding.44Compression Molds.46Transfer Molds.48II模具设计与制造专业英语Chapter 3Chapter 3Casting DiesCasting Dies.51Casting.51Sand Casting.53Sands.54Types of Sand Molds.54Pat
4、terns.55Cores.57Sand-Molding Machines.58The Sand Casting Operation.60Die Casting.63The Die Casting Cycle.63Die Casting Alloys.64Die Casting Dies.65Die Casting Machines.67Chapter 4Chapter 4Forging DieForging Die.71Introduction.71Open-Die Forging.72Impression-Die and Closed-Die Forging.74Precision For
5、ging.77Coining.77Forging-Die Design.78Preshaping.79Die Design Features.79Forging Machines.82Presses.82Hammers.84Selection of Forging Machines.85Chapter 5Chapter 5ExtrusionExtrusion.86Introduction.86Design of Tools for Hot Extrusion.87Mandrel.90Dummy Blocks.90Die Stack.90Industrial Practice in Tool D
6、esign.92Dummy Blocks.92ContentsIIIDies.92Cold Extrusion of Steel.95Nomenclature and Tool Assembly Drawings.95Punches.96Dies.103Chapter 6Chapter 6Modern Mold ManufacturingModern Mold Manufacturing.108Fundamental of NC Technology.108Concept of NC and CNC.108Basic Component of NC Machine Tools.108Class
7、ifications of NC Machines.111Types of NC Motion Control System.111Types of NC Servo-Drive Systems.114Machining Centers.118Automation of Manufacturing.120Introduction.120Flexible Manufacturing System.122Computer Integrated Manufacturing System.123Chapter 7Chapter 7CAD/CAM/CAECAD/CAM/CAE.125The Comput
8、er in Die Design.125CAD/CAM.127CAD.127CAM.129CAE.131MPI Introduction.132MPI Modules.133CAE Example of MPI.138GlossaryGlossary.144ReferencesReferences.163内 容 简 介本书是为适应高等学校模具设计与制造专业和机械工程及自动化专业模具方向专业英语教学需要而编写的，亦是21世纪全国高校应用人才培养机电类规划教材之一。培养“应用型人才”是模具设计与制造专业最主要的特色。本书从模具专业特点出发，并注意吸收现代模具新技术方面的有关知识，涵盖了模具设计与制
9、造的主要内容，包括：冷冲模、塑料模、压铸模、锻模、金属挤压模、先进模具制造技术、模具 CAD/CAE/CAM 等。为便于阅读，在编排上各单元相对独立，每节后附有新出现的专业词汇，同时在书后附有模具专业词汇总表。本书可作为高等学校及高职教育模具设计与制造专业英语教材，也可供有关工程技术人员参考，或作为工具书使用。图书在版编目(CIP)数据模具设计与制造专业英语/刘建雄，王家惠，廖丕博主编 北京：北京大学出版社，（21世纪全国高校应用人才培养机电类规划教材）ISBN 7-301-10587-8I 模II 刘 王 廖III模具设计英语高等学校教材 模具制造英语高等学校教材.IVH31中国版本图书馆
10、CIP 数据核字（2006）第 019517号书名：模具设计与制造专业英语着作责任者：刘建雄王家惠廖丕博主编责 任 编 辑：胡伟晔标 准 书 号：ISBN 7-301-10587-8/TH0058出版者：北京大学出版社地电网址：北京市海淀区成府路 205 号 100871话：出版部发行部编辑部址：电 子 信 箱印刷者：发行者：北京大学出版社经销者：新华书店787 毫米980 毫米16开本印张233 千字2006 年 3月第 1版2006 年 3月第 1次印刷定价：元前言21世纪我国将成为制造业强国，与国外交往的机会亦随之增多，对外学术交流及合作将更加频繁，以英语为载体的专业信息将成倍增长，专业
11、英语的应用亦将越来越广泛。对于模具设计与制造专业的研究生、本科学生及专科学生，以及从事相关模具行业的工程技术人员而言，熟练掌握专业英语，对于促进国际交流、了解并熟悉国外模具设计与制造行业的最新发展动态、参与模具产品的国际竞争是十分必要的。模具设计与制造专业英语是模具设计与制造专业的一门重要基础课。随着模具 CAD/CAM/CAE技术的发展和互联网的普及，新世纪从事模具设计与制造专业的毕业生不仅要掌握先进模具技术，而且要具备扎实的外语能力。模具设计与制造技术的发展将对模具专业英语教学提出更高的要求，对专业英语的学习亦将更为迫切。为了满足模具设计与制造专业英语教与学的需求，我们编写了模具设计与制造
12、专业英语一书。模具设计与制造是一门交叉学科，内涵丰富，涉及面很广，包括金属材料成型、高分子材料成型、模具材料、模具制造工艺、先进制造方法等内容。在整个编写过程中，为使本教材体现先进性、科学性和实用性，本书从国外最新出版的教科书、专着、外文期刊中筛选资料，把国外较新的研究成果编写进教材中；并根据该课程教学大纲要求，从培养学生阅读能力方面着手，充分考虑了文章的阅读性与知识性，所选资料既考虑了当今模具行业的覆盖面，又反映了其发展趋势。在侧重阅读理解、掌握模具专业常用词汇基础上，突出模具专业特点。课文简单易读，适合不同层次的读者阅读。本书的选材是在有限的篇幅内尽可能地涵盖模具设计与制造的学科领域。全书
13、共分 7章，即冲压工艺及模具设计（Stamping Forming and Die Design）、塑料模具设计（PlasticsMolds）、压铸模具设计（Casting Dies）、锻造模具设计（Forging Die）、挤压模具设计（Extrusion）、现代模具制造（Modern Mold Manufacturing）以及模具 CAD/CAM/CAE。本书的初稿在国家商务部委托昆明理工大学实施的“中华人民共和国援建缅甸国工业设计中心”教师培训班进行了试用，并在试用基础上进行了修改，使之更为完善。本书由昆明理工大学刘建雄、王家惠、廖丕博任主编。其中刘建雄负责全书的结构及第 1章内容的编写
14、；王家惠负责第4、第7章内容的编写；廖丕博负责第3章内容的编写；吴正宇负责第 2章内容的编写；詹肇麟负责第5章内容的编写；陈泽民、庆华负责第6章内容的编写；肖正明参加了第7章内容的编写；书中插图由包申君绘制。本教材在编写过程中，得到了昆明理工大学模具技术研究所的教师和研究生的大力支持，在此表示衷心的感谢。由于时间仓促，水平有限，错误之处在所难免，敬请批评指正。编 者2005年 8月Chapter 1Chapter 1StampingStampingForming and Die DesignForming and Die DesignIntroductionMetal processing i
15、s a branch of engineering science,which deals with the manufacturing ofmetallic parts and structures through the processes of plastic forming,machining,welding andcasting.This part focuses on the stamping forming technology and its die design in metalprocessing.Stamping is mainly used in sheet plate
16、 forming,which can be used not only in metalforming,but also in non-metal forming.In stamping forming,under the action of dies,the innerforce deforming the plate occurs in the plate.When the inner force reaches a certain degree,thecorresponding plastic deformation occurs in the blank or in some regi
17、on of the blank.Thereforethe part with certain shape,size and characteristic is produced.Stamping is carried out by dies and press,and has a high productivity.Mechanization andautomatization for stamping can be realized conveniently owing to its easy operation.Becausethe stamping part is produced by
18、 dies,it can be used to produce the complex part that may bemanufactured with difficulty by other processes.The stamping part can be used generally withoutfurther machining.Usually,stamping process can be done without heating.Therefore,not onlydoes it save material but also energy.Moreover,the stamp
19、ing part has the characteristics of lightweight and high rigidity.Stamping processes vary with the shape,the size and the accuracy demands,the output ofthe part and the material.It can be classified into two categories:cutting process and formingprocess.The objective of cutting process is to separat
20、e the part from blank along a given contourline in stamping.The surface quality of the cross-section of the separated part must meet a certaindemand.In forming processes,such as bending,deep drawing,local forming,bulging,flanging,necking,sizing and spinning,plastic deformation occurs in the blank wi
21、thout fracture andwrinkle,and the part with the required shape and dimensional accuracy is produced.The stamping processes widely used are listed in Table 1-1.2模具设计与制造专业英语Table 1-1Classification of the Stamping Processes and Their CharacteristicsProcessDiagramCharacteristicsShearingShear the plate i
22、nto strip or pieceBlankingSeparate the blank along a closed outlineLancingPartly separate the blank along a unclosed Cuttingoutline,bending occurs at the separatedpartPartingSeparate various workpiece produced bystamping into two or more partsA layer of thin chip is shaved along theexternal side or
23、the inner hole,to improvesize accuracy and smoothness of the crosssection of shearingShavingBendingPress the sheet metal into various angles,curvatures and shapesFormingCurlingBend ending portion of the plate into nearlyclosed circleChapter 1Stamping Forming and Die Design3（continued）ProcessDiagramC
24、haracteristicsDeepdrawingProduce an opened hollow part withpunch and dieLocalformingManufacture various convex or concaveon the surface of the plate or partBulgingExpand a hollow or tubular blank into acurved surface partPress the edge of the hole or the externalFlangingFormingedge of the workpiece
25、into vertical str-aight wallNeckingDecrease the end or middle diameter ofthe hollow or tubular shaped partSizingFinish the deformed workpiece into theaccurate shape and sizeForm an axis-symmetrical hollow part bySpinningmeans of roller feeding and spindlerotational movement4模具设计与制造专业英语New Words and
26、Expressionsstamping冲压，冲压件die模具，砧子，凹模metal processing金属加工metallic engineering science金属工程科学plastic forming塑性成形machining机械加工，切削加工welding焊接casting铸造，浇注plate板，板材，钢板blank毛坯，坯料press冲压，压制mechanization机械化automatization自动化rigidity刚性，刚度roller feed滚轮送料cutting process分离工序forming process成形过程，成形工艺contour轮廓，外形cros
27、s-section横截面bending弯曲tubular-shaped管状的tubular blank管状坯spindle轴，主轴deep drawing深拉延local forming局部成形bulging胀形，起凸flanging翻口，翻边，弯边necking缩颈sizing整形，矫正spinning旋压，赶形blanking落料，冲裁shearing剪切strip条料，带料，脱模lancing切缝，切口parting剖切，分开，分离workpiece工件shaving修边，整修smoothness光滑（度），平整（度）curvature弯曲，曲率curling卷边，卷曲punch冲头，冲
28、孔convex凸形concave凹形，凹面curved-surface曲面axis-symmetrical轴对称的accuracy精度engineering science工程科学plastic deformation塑性变形fracture断裂，断裂面wrinkle起皱sheet plate forming板料成形Blanking and Punching DiesBlankingCutting is a shearing process that one part of the blank is cut from the other.It mainlyChapter 1Stamping F
29、orming and Die Design5includes blanking,punching,trimming,parting and shaving,where punching and blanking arethe most widely used.Blanking and punching are the processes to separate sheet metal along a closing outline.After blanking and punching,the plate is separated into two parts.Punching is to p
30、unch a neededhole in a blank or workpiece,and the material punched from the blank is the waste,that is,thepart out of the closing outline is the workpiece,and the part in the closing outline is the waste.Oppositely,blanking is to punch a workpiece or blank with needed shape in the plate,that is,thep
31、art in the closing outline is the workpiece.The part out of the closing outline is the waste.Thedeformation process and the die structure are identical in both blanking and punching.Conventionally,both blanking and punching are called blanking.Through blanking process,finalproduct as well as semifin
32、ished product for other forming process can be produced.In the case of the cushion ring shown in,the process to make the circle of 22 mmis called blanking,and that to make the inside hole of mm is called punching.Cushion ringBlanking Deformation ProcessA blanking process involves placing the blank o
33、n the die,moving the punch downward todeform and separate the blank with the edges of the punch and die.A clearance Z is existedbetween the punch and die.The forces of the punch and die applying on the blank are mainlyconcentrating on the edges of the punch and die.Blanking deformation process is sh
34、own in.Under the actions of the punch and diewith sharp cutting edges and an appropriate clearance,deformation process undergoes threestages,namely,elastic deformation,plastic deformation and fracture separating stages.6模具设计与制造专业英语punchsheetmetaldie(a)elastic deformation stage(b)plastic deformation
35、stage(c)fracture separating stageDeformation process of stamping1.Elastic Deformation StageWhen the punch contacts the blank,the material is compressed,resulting in tensile andbending elastic deformation.In this stage,the inner stress hasnt exceeded the elastic limit of theblank yet.The deformation
36、would recover if unloading is occurred.2.Plastic Deformation StageWhen the punch presses further downward on the blank,the inner stress of the blank reachesits yield strength,the plastic flow and sliding deformation begin to occur.Under the pressure ofthe punch and die,the surface of the blank is su
37、bjected to compression,due to the clearancebetween the punch and die,the blank is subjected to the actions of bending and tensionsimultaneously,the material beneath the punch is bended,and that above the die is curledupwards.Circular angles are formed in regions and due to bending and tension,andind
38、entations appear in regions and.While the punch squeeze further into the blank,theplastic deformation and the work hardening in the deformation zone increase further.When theinner stress of the blank near the cutting edge reaches the strength limit of the material,theblanking force reaches its maxim
39、um and the cracks occur in the blank,resulting in the damage ofChapter 1Stamping Forming and Die Design7the material and the end of the plastic deformation stage(see.3.Fracture Separating StageWith the punch squeezing into the blank continuously,the cracks at the top and bottomextend to the inner la
40、yer of the sheet metal gradually,when the two cracks meet,the blank is cut,and then the process of fracture is ended.Equilibrium of forces in the shearing zone during blanking is shownin;where Fland F2are the acting forces of the punch and die perpendicular to the blank respectively;F3andF4are the l
41、ateral pressures of the punch and die exerting on the blank respectively;F1,F2arethe frictions on the end surfaces of the punch and die acting on the blank respectively;F3,F4are the frictions on the lateral surfaces of the punch and die acting on the blank respectively.The directions of F1and F2vary
42、 with theclearance between the punch and die.12bFF3MFF3F23FFFFtDiagram of the blanking force1-punch2-blank3-dieAnalysis of the blanking forces shows that the lateral pressures F3and F4must be smallerthan the perpendicular pressures F1and F2;and that the cracks occur and extend more easily inthe area
43、 of small pressure.Therefore,the initial crack occurs on the side surface of the die in8模具设计与制造专业英语blanking.Observation on crack initiating and developing with scanning electronic microscopeshows that when the depth of punch squeezing downward into the material reaches 20%of theblank thickness,the c
44、rack occurs on the side surface of the punch and die edges,and then thecracks at the top and bottom extend rapidly.When the two cracks meet,the blank is sheared andthe process of fracture is ended.Blanking Workpiece QualityThe quality of the blanking workpiece mainly refers to the qualities of the c
45、uttingcross-section and workpiece surface,shape tolerance and dimensional accuracy.The cuttingcross-section quality of the workpiece is an important factor to determine whether the blankingprocess is succeeded or not.As shown in,the cutting cross-section can be divided into four regions:the smoothsh
46、eared zone,fracture zone,rollover zone and burr zone.Burr zoneRollover zoneFracture zoneSmooth shearedzoneRollover zoneFracture zoneCharacteristic of the cutting cross-section of blanking workpiecesBurr zoneSmooth sheared zoneWhen the punch edge cuts into the blank,the plastic deformation occurs due
47、 to extrusionbetween the material and the side of the cutting edge,resulting in the forming of the smoothsheared zone.Due to the characteristic of extrusion,the surface of the smooth sheared zone issmooth and perpendicular,and is the region with highest accuracy and quality within the cuttingcross-s
48、ection of the blanking workpiece.The thickness ratio of the smooth sheared zone to thecutting cross-section is about 1/21/3.The fracture zone is formed in the final stage of blanking,its the area where blank is cut off,and the fracture surface is formed with the cracks expanding continuously underte
49、nsile stress.The surface of the fracture zone is rough and inclined,and is not perpendicular to the blank.The rollover zone is formed when the die presses into the blank.The material near cuttingedge is embroiled and deformed.The better the plasticity of the material,the larger would be theChapter 1
50、Stamping Forming and Die Design9rollover zone.The burr of the cutting cross-section is formed when micro-cracks occur during blanking.The formed burr is then elongated and remains on the workpiece.There are many factors affecting the quality of the cutting cross-section.The proportion ofthe thicknes