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1、新编研究生英语综合教程课后翻译和答新编研究生英语综合教程课后翻译和答案案,潘海英潘海英Unit TwoUnit TwoLanguageLanguageText A Text A Learn By Touch Learn By Touch Language is the human capacity for acquiring and using complex systems of communication.Humans acquire language through social interaction in early childhood.But some people may suf
2、fer from speech impairment;despite the success of the disability rights movement and the recognition that signing is no less a linguistic system than spoken language,“dumb”is still used as a term of abuse.OverviewOverviewText A is excerpted fromThe Story of My Life,Helen Kellers autobiography.It por
3、trays the wild child who is locked in the dark and silent prison of her own body.Keller reveals her frustration and rage,and takes the reader on the unforgettable journey of her education and breakthroughs into the world of communication.From the moment Keller recognizes the word“water”when her teac
4、her finger spells the letters,we share her triumph as“that living word awakened my soul,gave it light,hope,joy,set it free!”She learned to“hear”peoples speech by reading their lips with her hands;her sense of touch had become extremely supple.She became proficient at using Braille and reading sign l
5、anguage with her hands as well.Overview Overview Background Information Background Information Pre-reading QuestionsPre-reading Questions Text A Learn by TouchText A Learn by Touch VocabularyVocabulary Exercises Exercises Text A:Learn by Touch Text A:Learn by Touch Contents1.Information about the au
6、thors1.Information about the authors2.Information about Text A2.Information about Text A3.Cultural Background Information3.Cultural Background InformationBackground Information Background Information Text Explanation&TranslationText Explanation&TranslationText A Learn by Touch VocabularyVocabularyCo
7、reCore Vocabulary ListVocabulary ListExercisesExercisesl.Comprehensionl.ComprehensionII Word StudyII Word StudyIII ClozeIII ClozeV WritingV WritingIV TranslationIV TranslationLearn by TouchLearn by TouchThis text is taken This text is taken from The Story of My Lifefrom The Story of My Life,excerpte
8、d,excerptedHelen Keller 1.Information about the authors1.Information about the authors2.Information about 2.Information about Text AText A Background InformationBackground Information3.Cultural Background Information3.Cultural Background InformationHelen Adams Keller(June 27,1880 June 1,1968)was an
9、American author,political activist,and lecturer.She was the first deafblind person to earn a bachelor of arts degree.The story of how Kellers teacher,Anne Sullivan,broke through the isolation imposed by a near complete lack of language,allowing the girl to blossom as she learned to communicate,has b
10、ecome widely known through the dramatic depictions of the play and film The Miracle Worker.Her birthplace in West Tuscumbia,Alabama is now a museum and sponsors an annual Helen Keller Day.Her birthday on June 27 is commemorated as Helen Keller Day in the U.S.state of Pennsylvania and was authorized
11、at the federal level by presidential proclamation by President Jimmy Carter in 1980,the 100th anniversary of her birth.A prolific author,Keller was well-traveled and outspoken in her convictions.A member of the Socialist Party of America and the Industrial Workers of the World,she campaigned for wom
12、ens suffrage,labor rights,socialism,and other similar causes.She was inducted into the Alabama Womens Hall of Fame in 1971and was one of twelve inaugural inductees to the Alabama Writers Hall of Fame on June 8,2015.BackgroundBackground1.Information about the author1.Information about the authorBackg
13、roundBackgroundBackgroundBackground2.Information about 2.Information about text Atext AText A is excerpted from The Story of My Life,Helen Kellers autobiography.It portrays the wild child who is locked in the dark and silent prison of her own body.Keller reveals her frustration and rage,and takes th
14、e reader on the unforgettable journey of her education and breakthroughs into the world of communication.From the moment Keller recognizes the word“water”when her teacher finger spells the letters,we share her triumph as“that living word awakened my soul,gave it light,hope,joy,set it free!”She learn
15、ed to“hear”peoples speech by reading their lips with her hands;her sense of touch had become extremely supple.She became proficient at using Braille and reading sign language with her hands as well.Helen Keller andThe Story of My LifeHelen Keller andThe Story of My LifeHelen Keller(18801968)was born
16、 in Tuscumbia,Alabama.At nineteen months old an illness nearly took her life and left her deaf and blind.At the recommendation of Alexander Graham Bell,her parents contacted the Perkins Institution and Anne Sullivan was sent to tutor Helen.She learned to read and speak.With Anne Sullivan at her side
17、,Helen Keller graduated with honors from Radcliffe College in 1904.3.Cultural Background Information3.Cultural Background InformationHelen Keller was dedicated to helping the handicapped,raising funds and lobbying for the blind.Helen Keller received the Presidential Medal of Freedom and many honorar
18、y degrees.Winston Churchill considered her as“the greatest woman of our age.”Mark Twain said“Helen Keller is fellow to Caesar,Alexander,Napoleon,Homer,Shakespeare,and the rest of the immortals.she will be as famous a thousand years from now as she is today.”Her other books includeThe World I Live In
19、(1908),Midstream:My Later Life(1929),Helen Kellers Journal(1938),andLet us Have Faith(1940).3.Cultural Background Information3.Cultural Background InformationThe Story of My Lifeis Helen Kellers account of the story of her early years together with Anne Sullivan,her remarkable psychological and inte
20、llectual growth,and her triumph over deafness and blindness.It contains three parts.The first is Helen Kellers autobiographical account of her life from childhood to the beginning of her studies at Radcliffe.It describes the transformation of Helens life brought about by the arrival of Anne Sullivan
21、.Part II contains Helens letters to her family and friends,arranged in chronological sequence.The third part,a supplementary section,contains an account of Helen Kellers life and education.The Story of My Lifeis the most popular of Helen Kellers works.Today,the book is available in more than 50 lang
22、uages.3.Cultural Background Information3.Cultural Background Information Do you think language is an inherent capacity or an acquired skill?State your reasons.Ludwig Wittgenstein once said:“The limits of my language are the limits of my world.”How do you understand that sentence?What would you do to
23、 help communicate with someone with a communicative disability,such as someone who is deaf,blind or autistic?Pre-reading QuestionsPre-reading Questions1 1.The most important day I The most important day I remember in all my life is the one on remember in all my life is the one on which my teacher,An
24、ne Mansfield which my teacher,Anne Mansfield Sullivan,came to me.I am filled with Sullivan,came to me.I am filled with wonder when I consider the wonder when I consider the immeasurable contrasts between the immeasurable contrasts between the two lives which it connects.It was the two lives which it
25、 connects.It was the third of March,1887,three months third of March,1887,three months before I was seven years old.before I was seven years old.Text A Learn by TouchText A Learn by Touch1.1.在我的一生中，最重要的一天在我的一生中，最重要的一天就是我的老师就是我的老师安妮安妮莎莉文来莎莉文来到我家的那一天。那天是一八八七到我家的那一天。那天是一八八七年三月三日，再过三个月我就满七年三月三日，再过三个月我就满
26、七岁了。岁了。Helen Helen KellerKeller2.The morning after my teacher came she 2.The morning after my teacher came she led me into her room and gave me a doll.led me into her room and gave me a doll.The little blind children at the Perkins The little blind children at the Perkins InstitutionInstitution had
27、sent it and Laura had sent it and Laura Bridgmanhad dressed it;but I did not know Bridgmanhad dressed it;but I did not know this until afterward.When I had played with this until afterward.When I had played with it a little while,Miss Sullivan slowly spelled it a little while,Miss Sullivan slowly sp
28、elled into my hand the word“d-o-l-l.”I was at into my hand the word“d-o-l-l.”I was at once interested in this finger play and tried once interested in this finger play and tried to imitate it.When I finally succeeded in to imitate it.When I finally succeeded in making the letters correctly I was mak
29、ing the letters correctly I was flushedflushedwith childish pleasure and pride.with childish pleasure and pride.2.2.次日早晨，我的老师领我次日早晨，我的老师领我来到她的房间，给了我一个布来到她的房间，给了我一个布娃娃。后来我知道，这个娃娃娃娃。后来我知道，这个娃娃是柏金斯盲人学院的一个小盲是柏金斯盲人学院的一个小盲童送的。当时，我玩了一会儿童送的。当时，我玩了一会儿娃娃，莎莉文小姐则在我手上娃娃，莎莉文小姐则在我手上拼写拼写“doll“doll（玩偶）（玩偶）”这个词，这个词，我
30、立刻对这种游戏产生了兴趣，我立刻对这种游戏产生了兴趣，并且努力模仿她。最终，在我并且努力模仿她。最终，在我正确地拼写出这个单词时，我正确地拼写出这个单词时，我无比的快乐和自豪。无比的快乐和自豪。Running downstairs to my mother I held up Running downstairs to my mother I held up my hand and made the letters for doll.I did my hand and made the letters for doll.I did not know that I was spelling a
31、word or even not know that I was spelling a word or even that words existed;I was simply making my that words existed;I was simply making my fingers go in monkey-like imitation.In the fingers go in monkey-like imitation.In the days that followed I learned to spell in this days that followed I learne
32、d to spell in this uncomprehending way a great many words,uncomprehending way a great many words,among thempin,hat,cupand a few verbs among thempin,hat,cupand a few verbs likesit,standandwalk.But my teacher had likesit,standandwalk.But my teacher had been with me several weeks before I been with me
33、several weeks before I understood that everything has a name.understood that everything has a name.后来我跑到楼下，举起母亲的手，后来我跑到楼下，举起母亲的手，在上面拼写出了在上面拼写出了“dolldoll（玩偶）（玩偶）”。当时，我并不知道我是在拼。当时，我并不知道我是在拼写单词，我甚至不知道文字的存写单词，我甚至不知道文字的存在，我只是调皮地用手指依样画在，我只是调皮地用手指依样画葫芦而已。在随后的几天里，我葫芦而已。在随后的几天里，我用这种不求甚解的方式学会了拼用这种不求甚解的方式学会了拼写
34、写“pinpin（针）（针）”、“cupcup（杯子）（杯子）”、“sitsit（坐）（坐）”、“standstand（站立）（站立）”、“walkwalk（走）（走）”之之类的单词。事实上，我是在好几类的单词。事实上，我是在好几个星期之后，才知道万物都有一个星期之后，才知道万物都有一个名字。个名字。3.One day,while I was playing with my 3.One day,while I was playing with my new doll,Miss Sullivan put my big rag doll new doll,Miss Sullivan put my
35、big rag doll into my lap also,spelled“d-o-l-l”and into my lap also,spelled“d-o-l-l”and tried to make me understand that“d-o-l-tried to make me understand that“d-o-l-l”applied to both.Earlier in the day we l”applied to both.Earlier in the day we had had ahad had a tussletussle over the words“m-u-g”ov
36、er the words“m-u-g”and“w-a-t-e-r.”Miss Sullivan had tried to and“w-a-t-e-r.”Miss Sullivan had tried to impress it upon me that“m-u-g”impress it upon me that“m-u-g”ismugand that“w-a-t-e-r”iswater,but I ismugand that“w-a-t-e-r”iswater,but I persisted in confounding the two.In persisted in confounding
37、the two.In despair she had dropped the subject for despair she had dropped the subject for the time,only to renew it at the first the time,only to renew it at the first opportunity.I became impatient at her opportunity.I became impatient at her repeated attempts and,seizing the new repeated attempts
38、 and,seizing the new doll,I dashed it upon the floor.doll,I dashed it upon the floor.3.3.有一天，莎莉文小姐把我的那个有一天，莎莉文小姐把我的那个旧布娃娃和她给我的新布娃娃都放旧布娃娃和她给我的新布娃娃都放在了我的膝盖上，然后又一次在我在了我的膝盖上，然后又一次在我手上拼出了手上拼出了“doll“doll（玩偶）（玩偶）”，她，她试图让我明白，它们都叫试图让我明白，它们都叫“doll“doll（玩偶）（玩偶）”。还有一次，我们为。还有一次，我们为“mug“mug（大杯子）（大杯子）”和和“water“wat
39、er（水）（水）”争得不可开交。莎莉文小姐想让争得不可开交。莎莉文小姐想让我了解我了解“杯是杯，水是水杯是杯，水是水”，可是，可是我把两样东西混为一谈。没有办法，我把两样东西混为一谈。没有办法，她不再同我争辩，而是重新开始教她不再同我争辩，而是重新开始教我。我对她开始厌烦了，于是我一我。我对她开始厌烦了，于是我一把抓起新娃娃摔在地上。把抓起新娃娃摔在地上。I was keenly delighted when I felt the I was keenly delighted when I felt the fragments of the broken doll at my feet.fra
40、gments of the broken doll at my feet.Neither sorrow nor regret followed my Neither sorrow nor regret followed my passionate outburst.I had not loved the passionate outburst.I had not loved the doll.In the still,dark world in which I lived doll.In the still,dark world in which I lived there was no st
41、rong sentiment of there was no strong sentiment of tenderness.I felt my teacher sweep the tenderness.I felt my teacher sweep the fragments to one side of the fragments to one side of the hearthhearth,and I,and I had a sense of satisfaction that the cause had a sense of satisfaction that the cause of
42、 my discomfort was removed.She of my discomfort was removed.She brought me my hat,and I knew I was brought me my hat,and I knew I was going out into the warm sunshine.This going out into the warm sunshine.This thought,if a wordless sensation may be thought,if a wordless sensation may be called a tho
43、ught,made me hop and skip called a thought,made me hop and skip with pleasure.with pleasure.看到破碎的洋娃娃的碎片，我只觉看到破碎的洋娃娃的碎片，我只觉得心里十分痛快。发这种脾气，既得心里十分痛快。发这种脾气，既不悲伤，也不愧疚，我不再爱那个不悲伤，也不愧疚，我不再爱那个洋娃娃。显然，在我生活的黑暗世洋娃娃。显然，在我生活的黑暗世界里，是没有温柔和同情的。我感界里，是没有温柔和同情的。我感觉我的老师把娃娃的碎片扫到了壁觉我的老师把娃娃的碎片扫到了壁炉边。后来，老师给我递来了帽子，炉边。后来，老师给我递来
44、了帽子，我知道我可以去外面晒太阳了。我知道我可以去外面晒太阳了。这一思想，如果一个无言的感觉可这一思想，如果一个无言的感觉可能被称为一个想法，让我愉快地蹦能被称为一个想法，让我愉快地蹦蹦跳跳。蹦跳跳。4.We walked down the path to the well-4.We walked down the path to the well-house,attracted by the fragrance of the house,attracted by the fragrance of the honeysucklehoneysucklewith which it was cove
45、red.with which it was covered.Some one was drawing water and my Some one was drawing water and my teacher placed my hand under the teacher placed my hand under the spoutspout.As the cool stream.As the cool stream gushed gushed over over one hand she spelled into the other the one hand she spelled in
46、to the other the word water,first slowly,then rapidly.I word water,first slowly,then rapidly.I stood still,my whole attention fixed upon stood still,my whole attention fixed upon the motions of her fingers.the motions of her fingers.4.4.我们走在路上，房顶上金银花我们走在路上，房顶上金银花的芬芳令人心旷神怡。有人开始的芬芳令人心旷神怡。有人开始压水，她把我的手放
47、在了水管边压水，她把我的手放在了水管边上。当一股清凉的水流接触到我上。当一股清凉的水流接触到我的手时，她就在我的另一只手上的手时，她就在我的另一只手上拼写着拼写着“water“water（水）（水）”。起初。起初是慢慢地，后来写得飞快。是慢慢地，后来写得飞快。Suddenly I felt amisty consciousness as Suddenly I felt amisty consciousness as of something forgotten a thrill of of something forgotten a thrill of returning thought;an
48、d somehow the returning thought;and somehow the mystery of language was revealed to me.mystery of language was revealed to me.I knew then that“w-a-t-e-r”meant the I knew then that“w-a-t-e-r”meant the wonderful cool something that was wonderful cool something that was flowing over my hand.That living
49、 word flowing over my hand.That living word awakened my soul,gave it light,hope,awakened my soul,gave it light,hope,joy,set it free!There were barriers still,joy,set it free!There were barriers still,it is true,but barriers that could in time it is true,but barriers that could in time be swept away.
50、be swept away.突然间，我感觉到一种被遗忘的突然间，我感觉到一种被遗忘的朦胧意识正在逐渐苏醒，我好像朦胧意识正在逐渐苏醒，我好像一下子理解了语言文字的奥秘，一下子理解了语言文字的奥秘，于是我知道了于是我知道了“water“water（水）（水）”的意思就是凉爽的从我手上流过的意思就是凉爽的从我手上流过的这个东西的名字。水这个具有的这个东西的名字。水这个具有生命力的词语唤醒了我的灵魂，生命力的词语唤醒了我的灵魂，给我带来了光明、希望、欢乐和给我带来了光明、希望、欢乐和自由。障碍仍然存在自由。障碍仍然存在,这是真的这是真的,但是是那种可以随时间被冲走的但是是那种可以随时间被冲走的障碍。