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1、注意:注意:动词动词及及动词动词短短语语是是济济南学考的重中之重,南学考的重中之重,实义动词词义实义动词词义及及动词动词短短语语辨析每年占辨析每年占56分,情分,情态动词态动词,系,系动词动词(感官(感官动动词词)及助)及助动词动词每年至少各每年至少各1分。考生在准分。考生在准备这备这一部分的一部分的时时候候要注意要注意结结合全部合全部课课本,将易混本,将易混动词动词以及短以及短语语分分组对组对比比记忆记忆,争取将争取将该该部分的分数全部拿到。部分的分数全部拿到。考点考点 1 动词动词辨析辨析常常见见易混易混词词辨析辨析(1)spend/pay/cost/take表示表示“花花费费”(2)ta
2、ke/fetch/bring/carry表示表示“带带”(3)look/watch/see/read 表示表示“看看”look可以表示可以表示“看上去看上去”,是感官,是感官动词动词,后接形容,后接形容词词。看病(看医生)用看病(看医生)用see a doctor。(4)speak/say/talk/tell表示表示“说说”(5)look/taste/sound/feel/smell感官感官动词动词(6)borrow/lend/keep表示表示“借借”考点考点 2 情情态动词态动词(1)情情态动词过态动词过去式与原形相比,表示更委婉的去式与原形相比,表示更委婉的语语气。气。(2)mustnt表
3、示否定意表示否定意义义“禁止禁止,不允不允许许”。(3)have to有人称、数量和有人称、数量和时态时态的的变变化化,表示受客表示受客观观条件限制条件限制,意意为为“不得不不得不”。She has to take the bus to work.她不得不坐公交她不得不坐公交车车去上班。去上班。(4)May.?句式的否定回答?句式的否定回答:No,.Mustnt/cant.Must.?句式的否定回答?句式的否定回答:No,.Neednt.考点考点 3 动词词组动词词组常考的常考的动词词组动词词组辨析有三种,一种是同一辨析有三种,一种是同一动词动词的不同搭的不同搭配,第二种是同一副配,第二种是同
4、一副词词或介或介词词与不同与不同动词动词的搭配,第三的搭配,第三种是完全不同的种是完全不同的动词词组动词词组。(1)同一)同一动词动词的不同搭配的不同搭配look after照料;照照料;照顾顾look at看看look for寻寻找;找;寻寻求求look forward to盼望;期待盼望;期待look out找出找出look through快速快速查查看;看;浏览浏览look up(在(在词词典、参考典、参考书书中或通中或通过电脑过电脑)查询查询;抬;抬头头看看look up to钦钦佩;仰慕佩;仰慕lookcut down砍倒砍倒cut off切除切除cut out删删除;除;删删去去c
5、ut up切碎切碎cutrun after追逐;追赶追逐;追赶run away跑开跑开run out(of)用尽;耗尽)用尽;耗尽runturn down拒拒绝绝;调调低(音量)低(音量)turn up调调高(音量等)高(音量等)turn.into变变成成turn on接通(接通(电电流、煤气、水等);打开流、煤气、水等);打开turn off关掉关掉turn left/right向左向左/右右转转turntake after(外貌或行(外貌或行为为)像)像take care of照照顾顾;处处理理take down拆除;往下拽;拆除;往下拽;记录记录take in吸入;吞入(体内)吸入;吞入
6、(体内)take off脱下(衣服);(脱下(衣服);(飞飞机等)起机等)起飞飞take place发发生;出生;出现现take up(尤指(尤指为为消遣)学着做;开始做消遣)学着做;开始做takeget dressed穿上衣服穿上衣服get into陷入;参与陷入;参与get lost迷路迷路get off下下车车get on with和睦相和睦相处处;关系良好;关系良好get up起床;站起起床;站起getbe/get used to习惯习惯于于be used to do被用来做被用来做used to曾曾经经;过过去去usegive away赠赠送;捐送;捐赠赠give out分分发发;散
7、;散发发give up放弃放弃givecall(sb.)back(给给某人)回某人)回电话电话call in召来;叫来召来;叫来call up打打电话给电话给(某人);征召(某人);征召calle true实现实现;成;成为现实为现实e up with想出;提出(主意、想出;提出(主意、计计划、回答划、回答等)等)ebring back恢复;使想起;恢复;使想起;归还归还bring out使使显现显现;使表;使表现现出出bringfall asleep进进入梦入梦乡乡;睡着;睡着fall down突然倒下;跌倒;倒塌突然倒下;跌倒;倒塌fall in love爱爱上;喜上;喜欢欢上上fall
8、over绊绊倒倒fallgo along(the street)沿着(沿着(这这条街)走条街)走go off(闹钟闹钟)发发出响声出响声go out外出(外出(娱乐娱乐)gomake sure确保;确保;查查明明make up编编造(故事、造(故事、谎谎言等)言等)makeput on增加(体重);增加(体重);发发胖胖put off推推迟迟put up搭起;搭起;举举起起put sth.to good use好好利用某物好好利用某物putset out出出发发;启程;启程set up建起;建立建起;建立set(2)同一副)同一副词词或介或介词词与不同与不同动词动词的搭配的搭配 upcall
9、up打打电话给电话给(某人);征召(某人);征召cheer up(使使)变变得更高得更高兴兴;振;振奋奋起来起来clean up打打扫扫(或清除)干(或清除)干净净cut up切碎切碎dress up装扮;装扮;乔乔装打扮装打扮end up最最终终成成为为;最后;最后处处于于fix up修理;装修理;装饰饰give up放弃放弃grow up长长大;成熟大;成熟hurry up赶快;急忙赶快;急忙look up查查找找make up编编造(故事、造(故事、谎谎言等)言等)pick up捡捡起;接起;接电话电话put up搭起;搭起;举举起起set up建起;建立建起;建立show up赶到;露
10、面赶到;露面stay up熬夜熬夜take up(尤指(尤指为为消遣)学着做;开始做;占据消遣)学着做;开始做;占据wake up醒;叫醒醒;叫醒outblow out吹吹灭灭bring out使使显现显现;使表;使表现现出出check out察看;察看;观观察察clear out清理;清理;丢丢掉掉find out查查明;弄清明;弄清give out分分发发;散;散发发go out外出(外出(娱乐娱乐)hand out分分发发hang out闲闲逛;常去某逛;常去某处处lay out摆摆开;布置开;布置leave out不包括;不提及;忽略不包括;不提及;忽略run out(of)用尽;耗尽
11、)用尽;耗尽sell out卖卖光光set out出出发发;启程;启程work out成功地成功地发发展;解决展;解决die down逐逐渐变渐变弱;逐弱;逐渐渐消失消失let.down使失望使失望lie down躺下躺下pull.down拆下;摧拆下;摧毁毁write down写下;写下;记录记录下下downagree with同意;同意;赞赞成成pare.with比比较较;对对比比connect.with把把和和连连接或接或联联系起来系起来deal with应应付;付;处处理理part with放弃、交出(尤指不舍得的放弃、交出(尤指不舍得的东东西)西)with(3)完全不同的)完全不同的
12、动词词组动词词组ask for请请求;求;恳恳求(求(给给予)予)care for照照顾顾;非常喜;非常喜欢欢believe in信任;信信任;信赖赖care about关心;在意关心;在意clean.off把把擦掉擦掉depend on依靠;信依靠;信赖赖divide.into把把分开分开separate from分开;分离分开;分离hear from接到(某人的)信、接到(某人的)信、电话电话等等throw away扔掉;抛弃扔掉;抛弃drop by顺顺便便访问访问;随便;随便进进入入stick to坚坚持;固守持;固守pay attention to注意;关注注意;关注pass by路路
13、过过;经过经过pay for付付费费;付出代价;付出代价prepare for为为做准做准备备pull together齐齐心心协协力;通力合作力;通力合作shut off关关闭闭;停止运;停止运转转take sb.s place代替;替代替;替换换think of认为认为考点考点 4 系系动词动词系系动词动词不能不能单单独作独作谓语谓语,只能和表,只能和表语语一起构成一起构成谓语谓语,说说明主明主语语的身份、性的身份、性质质、特征等。、特征等。考点考点 5 助助动词动词(1)助)助动词动词be助助动词动词be的各种形式的各种形式助助动词动词be主要用来表示各种主要用来表示各种时态时态和被和被
14、动语态动语态点击图片放大观看点击图片放大观看(2)助)助动词动词do助助动词动词do的各种形式的各种形式助助动词动词do的用法的用法有人称和有人称和时态时态的的变变化,主要用来构成化,主要用来构成谓语谓语是是实义动词实义动词的句子的句子的否定句、疑的否定句、疑问问句或句或对谓语动词进对谓语动词进行行强强调调。Do you know China well?你很了解中国你很了解中国吗吗?Did your father call you yesterday?你爸爸昨天你爸爸昨天给给你打你打电话电话了了吗吗?(3)助)助动词动词have助助动词动词have的各种形式的各种形式助助动词动词have的用法
15、的用法与与过过去分去分词词构成各种构成各种时态时态或完成或完成时时You havent been abroad before,have you?你以前没出你以前没出过过国,是不是?国,是不是?()1.(2015山山东东德州)德州)When I got to the bus stop,I missed the early bus and I had to_ the next one.A.give up B.keep offC.call off D.wait for()2.(2015山山东东营东东营)Everyone should have dreams.With dreams and hard
16、work,anything amazing can be _.A.met B.created C.expected D.practiced()3.(2015山山东东泰安)泰安)Nowadays all passengers_ go through safety check before they take a train.A.can B.may C.must D.will()4.(2015山山东东莱莱芜芜)If you need to go to the restroom in class,please _ your hand.A.raise B.rise C.shake D.wash()5.
17、How do you usually go to school?My school is far away.I _ take the bus to school.A.must B.might C.have to D.can()6.Is that woman your head teacher?No,it _ be her.Our head teacher is in her office.A.mustnt B.cantC.neednt D.shouldnt()7.(2015山山东济东济宁)宁)It is necessary for everyone to _a good habit of re
18、ading.A.enjoy B.choose C.develop D.accept()8.(2015山山东临东临沂)沂)A father in the UK has_ a wonderful idea to send his kids to school on time.He takes his sons to their school in a white tank(坦克)(坦克).A.looked up to B.made upCe up with D.shown up()9.(2015山山东东青青岛岛)The meat on the plate _ so delicious.Lets t
19、ry it together.A.smells B.sounds C.sees D.feels()10.(2015山山东滨东滨州)州)Look!The man at the gate _be our headmaster.He is always standing there every morning.No,it _ be him.He is holding a meeting in the office now.A.must;cant B.must;mustntC.cant;cant D.cant;mustnt()11.(2015江西)江西)Fresh food is good for y
20、ou.But you have to _ it first because sometimes it is a little dirty.A.taste B.smell C.wash D.plant()12.(2015江江苏苏泰州)泰州)How long can I_ this novel Gullivers Travels?Only two weeks.A.borrow B.lend C.return D.keep()13.(2015四川四川资资阳)阳)Must I sing the song in Russian?No,you_.Its up to you.A.mustnt B.cantC
21、.dont D.neednt()14.(2015江江苏苏泰州)泰州)The energy from the sun and wind is very cheap and it will never _.Ae out B.put outC.carry out D.run out()15.(2015江江苏连苏连云港)云港)In the song I Bet My Life,the US rock band Imagine Dragon tells people never to _ catching their dreams.A.give up B.give outC.give in D.give
22、 off()16.(2015江江苏苏泰州)泰州)People _ drive after drinking alcohol(酒酒).Its against the law.A.mustnt B.needntC.couldnt D.wouldnt()17.(2015四川宜四川宜宾宾)Youd better _ the test paper before handing it in.A.go ahead B.go onC.go off D.go over()18.UNICEF(联联合国儿童基金会合国儿童基金会)was _ in 1946.It works to help children live
23、 a better life.A.picked up B.put upC.set up D.got up()19.(2015江江苏连苏连云港)云港)Must I finish all the homework this evening?No,you_.Tomorrow is Saturday,and you have enough time for it.A.mustnt B.needntC.wont D.cant()20.Tom,its cold outside._your coat when you go out.OK,Mom.A.Take off B.Take awayC.Put away D.Put on