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1、UNIT 3单元主题训练I .阅读理解（2022 汕头高三检测）If you stop a random person on the street in China, theres a pretty good chance that their surname would be either Wang, Li, Zhang, Liu or Chen. That，s because those are the five most common surnames in China shared by 30% of the population. And the vast majority of t
2、he population share just 100 of those surnames. In comparison, the United States reported 6. 3 million surnames in its 2010 census.There are a few reasons for this: China is less racially diverse than countries such as the US, where a wealth of minority groups increase surname diversity （多 样性）.It al
3、so has to do with language; you can，t just add a random stroke （音节） to a Chinese character and create a new surname.But there，s also another factor at play: technology. With China roaring into the digital age, nearly everything has moved online 一 from making appointments to buying train tickets.The
4、main problem is that not all Chinese characters have been coded into computer systems. That meant a world of trouble if you happened to have a rare character in your name. As of 2017, up to 60 million Chinese citizens faced this problem, according to Xinhua.People with rare characters in their names
5、, which aren，t compatible （兼容的）with existing computer systems, can get left behind 一 pushing many to change their names for the sake of convenience, even if it means abandoning centuries of heritage and languages.To try to address this, experts have increased the database from 32,000 characters to 7
6、0, 000 characters, according to the government. They re still working to expand it to include more than 90, 000 characters, said Chen Jiawei, an associate professor at Beijing Normal University.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国汉语言文化中的姓氏文化。1. What can be learned from the comparison according to Paragraph 1?A. Th
7、ere are fewer common surnames in China.B. Chinese people like sharing the same surname.C. The United States owns the most surnames in the world.D. 6. 3 million surnames in China have been shared until now.解析：选A推理判断题。根据第一段第二、三句可推知，在中国普通姓氏较少。2. Which one describes surname diversity properly?A. New Chi
8、nese surnames are easy to create.B. Surname diversity totally depends on technology.C. Minority groups can increase surname diversity.D. Surnames in computer systems are regularly changed.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，少数民族可以增加姓氏的多样性。3. What may happen to people with rare characters in their names?A. They wi
9、ll lose their heritage.B. They have to change their names.C. They should expand the database.D. They may upgrade computer systems.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知，名字里有罕见字符的人可能不得不改 名字。4. Why have experts increased the character database?A. To save heritage and languages.B. To keep Chinese traditional culture.C.
10、To give people more choices when naming.D. To let us know more Chinese characters.解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，此处this “这个问题”，应是倒 数第二段中提到的“名字里有罕见字符”。由此推知，专家增加了字符数据库是为了人们在 取名的时候有更多的选择，而不至于被迫改名。II.阅读七选五Learning the word for fish in Chinese can be a highly useful skill. Knowing how to say “fish in Chinese is
11、both practical and helpful in understanding cultural values.The Chinese Character for FishThe Chinese character for “fish， written in the traditional form, is 宾5_ No matter what form it is written in, the word for fish in Chinese is pronounced like “you”.Cultural Importance of Fish in ChinaThe pronu
12、nciation of fish in Chinese, “yU” is a homophone （同音字）for “abundance”. _6_ As such, fish are a common symbol in Chinese art and literature,and they are very important in Chinese mythology.7 The characters for this fish are 鲤鱼， pronounced “li yuv. Pictures of this fish are also a common decoration fo
13、r the Chinese New Year.Fish in Chinese MythologyOne of the most interesting Chinese myths about fish is the idea that a carp （鲤鱼）that climbed the waterfall on the Yellow River （known as the Dragon Gate） changed into a dragon.8 In reality, each spring, carp come together in great numbers in the pool
14、at the base of the waterfall. 9 It has become a common saying in China that a student facing examinations is like a carp trying to jump the Dragon Gate.A. The simplified form is 鱼.B. But very few make the climb.C. Surprisingly, a lot of them are not related to fish at all.D. This addition suggests t
15、hat fish is most useful to humans.E. The dragon is another important symbol in Chinese culture.F For example, Asian carp are the subject of many Chinese stories.G. This similarity has led to fish becoming a symbol of abundance in Chinese culture.语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章介绍了 “鱼”这一元素在中国文化中的意义。5 .选A A项与上句并列，说明了 “
16、鱼”这一汉字的不同字形。6 .选G G项与上句存在语义上的顺承关系，同时该项中的This similarity指代上句 中的yii is a homophone （同音字）for “abundance”。7 .选F下句中的this fish指代F项中的Asian carpo本段以鲤鱼为例，说明了鱼 在中国文化中的重要性，F项为本段的中心句。8 .选E E项中的dragon与上句中的dragon为原词复现关系，说明了龙在中国传统文 化中的重要性。9 .选B B项与上句为转折关系，指出鲤鱼翻越瀑布的不易，为下句作了铺垫。111 .完形填空（2022 惠州模拟）One day, I stood at
17、 the roadside waiting for a bus. Everything was going as W when suddenly I heard a A_ beside me； it was a boy in 12 clothes, with a face that seemed like it had never been washed at all. I felt so disgusted at that moment that I tried to 13 myself away from that little boy.The boy kept _1, me, shout
18、ing, u Bhaiya! Bhaiya ! ” （Big brother! Big brother! ）, but I didnt answer him at all. My self was cursing the country for its poor W. Always begging for money 一 it all kept annoying me, making me feel more 17 to answer that dirty little boy who kept calling to me. Bhaiya! Bhaiya!” I heard him call
19、out again. This made me very angry and I shouted at him that I had no money to give him. And the boy, without even bothering to hear my words of 18 , said to me, “Bhaiya, could you please help me j 9 the road? ”The next moment, I felt 20 , I couldn，t feel my legs. The sudden feeling of21 had engulfe
20、d （吞没）me from within. Was this what I had become? Had prejudice engulfed me so to such a level that I decided that they begged for money and food every time somebody passed by?I held the boys hand 22 and for the first time, without a feeling of disgust that he might not have 23 for days or weeks. I
21、helped him cross the road, and that successful act of assistance _24_ a new hope inside me. I realized that our being judgmental will surely have a very bad effect unless we overcome it.语篇解读：本文是记叙文。文章讲述了我在等公交车时遇到一个衣衫褴褛的孩子，并误 以为他是乞丐，但最后却发现男孩只是想向我寻求帮助的故事。10. A. normalB.imaginedC. discussedD.possible解析
22、：选A根据常识可知，等公交车是日常行为。as normal 照常，像往常一样”。11. A.sighB.weepC. voiceD.scream解析：选 C 根据下文 “The boy kept me, shouting, Bhaiya! Bhaiya! 可知，一个男孩在旁边叫我，因此我是听到一个声音。12. A.smallB. shabbyC. lovelyD. ugly解析：选 B 根据下文”. with a face that seemed like it had never been washed at all. I felt so disgusted at that moment .
23、 . . 可判断小男孩应该是衣着不整且脏兮 兮的,我才会感到disgustedo13. A. pullB.driveC. throwD.force解析：选A根据上文我感到disgusted可知，我想远离他。pull away “离开；脱身”。14. A. touchingB.lookingatC. interruptingD.following解析:选 D 根据下文 “Bhaiya! Bhaiya! I heard him call out again. 可知, 尽管我想要离开，但小男孩仍然没有放弃，跟着我叫我帮助。B. better15. A. curiousC. nobleD. inner
24、解析：选D 根据上文“I felt so disgusted at that momentv可知，这里应该是我 暗自诅咒。16. A. political systemsB. conditionsC. regulationsD. services解析：选 B 根据下文 uAlways begging for money it all kept annoying me .” 可知，我对这个国家的环境条件不满。17. A. nervousB. thirstyC. reluctantD. frustrated解析：选 C 上文“I felt so disgusted at that momentn
25、和 “Always begging for money 一 it all kept annoying me”说明我对男孩很反感，空格前的more说明我反感的 情绪加剧了，更不愿意搭理他。reluctant “不情愿的”。18. A.determinationB. despairC. embarrassmentD. dishonesty解析：选 B 根据上文 “This made me very angry and I shouted at him” 可知，我 忍无可忍，直接崩溃且失态，表达出我的无奈与绝望。19. A. crossB. findC. leadD. reach解析：选A根据下文“
26、I helped him cross the road”可知，小男孩是想让我帮助 过马路，不是向我乞讨。20. A. calmB.stillC. numbD.disappointed解析：选C根据下文“I couldnt feel my legs可知我的腿没了知觉，麻木了。21. A. sadnessB.sympathyC. shynessD.shame解析：选D根据上文可知，我误解了小男孩，所以感到羞愧。22. A. firmlyB. naturallyC. unwillinglyD. hesitantly解析：选A根据常识可知，我带小孩过马路时紧紧地握着男孩的手。23. A. got a
27、pennyB. had a mealC. taken a bathD. enjoyed himself解析：选 C 根据上文 “with a face that seemed like it had never been washed at all”可知，我认为小男孩很久没洗脸、洗澡了。B. expressed24. A. boostedD. createdC. realized解析：选D 根据上文中“successful act of assistance 一词可知，我认为帮助小 男孩过马路是有意义的，结合全文可知这一事件对我产生了影响，带来了希望。w .读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所
28、给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Grandparents often have interesting names. My sister-in-law was known as Mimi. Her husband goes by Peeka. Why? Their firstborn grandchild decided on those names.My firstborn grandchild named me as well. I will never forget the day Joshua hugged me and, in front of a roomful of
29、 people, called me Doll. My Doll Baby!” From that point on, I was known as Doll or Doll Baby. Even my sons-in-law call me Doll. Friends of my children and grandchildren call me Doll.ItJ s a given.For the most part, its fine, even endearing, to hear my grandchildren call me Doll. But there was one ti
30、me . . My daughter and her husband were going out of town, so the plan was for me to pick up five-year-old Spencer from kindergarten, take him to their house to wait for Joshuas school bus, and bring both boys home to spend the night with us. Spencer and I arrived long before the school bus. While w
31、e waited for Joshua, Spencer wanted to show me a new trick he learned on his skateboard.Spencer was pretty good. He had learned how to step on the back of the skateboard so that the front tips up （一边翘起），and then put his front foot down on the board and take off. Cool!Then it was my turn. I had playe
32、d around with skateboards in my day. Of course, they weren，t the high-tech kind of toys my grandchildren enjoyed. Ours were made by mounting the wheels of our old sidewalk roller skates to the bottom of a plank of wood.Still, I had this.I put my right foot on the back of the board and tipped up the
33、front. So far, so good. I brought my left foot down with every intention of rolling forward.Good intentions. Bad form. I fell hard on my elbow as the skateboard flew across the concrete driveway. My injury was minor, but Spencer raced into the house and got Boo-Boo Bunny from the freezer to bring me
34、 comfort. It helped my arm, but not my pride.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式作答。Paragraph 1：When I made my way home safely with the boys, my husband blamed me.Paragraph 2：My husband helped Spencer prac ti se calling 911 emergency call, pre tending I hurt my head seriously.参考范文：Paragraph 1：When I made my wa
35、y home safely wi th the boys, my husband blamed me. Do you real ize how bad that could have been? my husband shouted. I mean, what if you hit your head and were unconscious? ” He was right. That evening, Spencer crawled up between us in our bed. Tom commended him for getting the Boo-Boo Bunny and ta
36、king care of me. What if Doll had been badly hurt, Spencer? Do you know what to do in an emergency? ” Tom asked. Yes! Call 911!” Spencer was proud he remembered what to do.Paragraph 2：My husband helped Spencer prac ti se callingW emergency call, pretending I hurt my head seriously. He put up his han
37、d as if it were the phone, his thumb the earphone and his little finger the mouthpiece. 9一1-1Whats your emergency? ” Spencer brought up his pretend hand phone and spoke clearly into his fingers. Help! My Doll fell off the skateboard and hurt her head!” Tom and I smiled at each other. It was hard to keep from laughing. “Uh, Spencer, v Tom said. There are probably times you need to call her Grandma. ”