《广东省广州市省实、执信、广雅、六中2022届高三上学期8月四校联考英语试题 附解析.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《广东省广州市省实、执信、广雅、六中2022届高三上学期8月四校联考英语试题 附解析.docx（20页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、省实、执信、广雅、六中2022届高三上学期8月四校联考英语试题本试卷10页，总分值120分。考试用时120分钟。考前须知:1 .本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两局部。答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹 的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、班级、考场、座位号填写在答题卡相应位置。用2B铅笔在“准 考证号”处填涂信息点。因笔试不考听力，第I卷从第二局部的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从 “21”开始。2 .作答第I卷时，选出每题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。3 .第II卷必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写
2、在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应 位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案：不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按 以上要求作答无效。4 .考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。第二局部阅读理解（共两节，总分值40分） 第一节（共15小题：每题2.5分，总分值375分） 阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最正确选项。4 Popular Places to Go This WinterHarbin, ChinaChina Harbins winter is for the brave onesthe average temperature is 1.8F- but those who br
3、ave the cold will be rewarded with experiencing one of the worlds largest winter festivals. 2021 marks the 37th Harbin International Ice and Snow Sculpture Festival (January-March), when massive frozen structures rise and are lit up, transforming the city into a winter wonderland.Lyon, FranceParis m
4、ay be called The City of Light,but every December, light takes center stage in Lyon, Frances third-largest city. Thats when the annual Festival of Lights (around December 8) takes over, with light installations (装置)that transform the citys streetscapes into modem works of art. The city is also home
5、to two Christinas markets (one in La Croix-Rousse; the other at the Place Carnot; through December 25).Lima, Peruin the UK Phrasee, claims their software can outperform humans by up to 10 percent in terms of email open rates.This can mean millions more in taxation. 17 These are tools that help peopl
6、e use data.Saving customers moneyEnergy companies can use AI to help customers reduce their electricity bills. Companies can also optimize their own energy use and cut down on the cost of electricity. Insurance companies, meanwhile, can base their insurance fees on AI models that spot risks more acc
7、urately. 18 Or they would charge too little and then it would cost the company money.Improved accuracyMachine learning often provides a more reliable form of statistics which makes data more valuable. It helps people make smarter decisions. 19 This process, along with employees reviewing the contrac
8、ts, is faster and more accurate.Protecting and maintaining infrastructureA number of companies, particularly in energy and transportation, use Al image processing technology to inspect infrastructure and prevent equipment failure before they happen. tIf they fail first and then you fix them, its ver
9、y expensive,“ says Domingos. 20.A. AI replaces the boring parts of your job. If youre doing research, you can have AI go out and look for relevant sources and information.B. One accounting firm, EY, uses an AI system that helps review contracts.C. There are also companies like Acquisto, which analyz
10、es advertising performance land makes adjustments or suggestions about where advertising funds will lead to best results.D. You want to predict if something needs attention now and point to where its useful fbr employees to go to.E. Before, they might not ensure the ones who felt like a high risk or
11、 charge them too much.F. Were also giving our customers better channels versus picking up the phone to accomplish something beyond human scale.G. AI looks at resumes in greater numbers than humans would be able to, and selects the more promising applicants. 【答案】16.G17. C 18.E19. B 20. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说
12、明文。在电影和电视中，人工智能通常与自动化和失业有关，但最近的一项调查发现, 企业目前更多地将人工智能用于计算机对计算机的活动，而不是自动化或取代人类活动。文章列举了一些 人工智能在不取代员工的情况下帮助企业的情况。【16题详解】 不艮据上文 u Companies are using AI to remove some unconscious bias from hiring decisions, There are experiments that show that the results of interviews are much more biased than what AI d
13、oes.（一些公司正在使用 人工智能来消 除招聘决定中的一些无意识偏见。有实验说明，面试结果比人工智能更有偏见）”以及后文One company called Blendoor uses AI to help identify where there may be bias in the hiring process.（家名为 Blendoor 的公司 使用人工智能来帮助识别招聘过程中可能存在的偏见）”可知，上文提到了人工智能在招聘中能够消除无意 识偏见的优势，可知本句应承接上文继续说明人工智能在这方面的优势。故G选项“人工智能看简历的数 量比人类要多，它会挑选出更有前途的应聘者”符合语境，应
14、选G。【17题详解】根据上文 “Some AI software can analyze and optimize marketing email subject lines to increase open rates.One company in the UK, Phrasee, claims their software can outperform humans by up to 10 percent in terms of email open rates. This can mean millions more in taxation.（一些人工智能软件可以分析和优化营销电子邮件主
15、题，以提高 翻开率。英国一家名为Phrasee的公司声称，他们的软件在邮件翻开率方面比人类高出10%。这意味着税收 将增加数百万）”可知，上文列举了可以分析和优化营销电子邮件主题的人工智能软件，可知本句与上文并 列，都是在列举这样的软件。故C选项“还有像Acquisto这样的公司，他们会分析广告表现，并就广告资 金在哪里能带来最好的结果做出调整或建议”符合语境，应选C。【18题详解】根据上文 “Energy companies can use AI to help customers reduce their electricity bills. Companies can also opti
16、mize their own energy use and cut down on the cost of electricity. Insurance companies, meanwhile, can base their insurance fees on AI models that spot risks more accurately.（能源公司可以利用人工智能帮助客户降低电 费。公司也可以优化自己的能源使用，降低电力本钱。与此同时，保险公司可以根据更准确地发现风险的 人工智能模型来收取保险费用）”以及后文 u Or they would charge too little and
17、then it would cost the company money.（或者他们收取的费用太少，公司就会因此损失资金）”可知，后文提到了收取费用太少的情况，可知 本句是在说明收费过多的情况，故E选项“在此之前，他们可能不会确保那些感觉风险高的人，或者收取 他们太多的费用”符合语境，应选E。【19题详解】根据上文 u Machine learning often provides a more reliable form of statistics which makes data more valuable. It helps people make smarter decisions.（
18、机器学习通常提供一种更可靠的统计形式，使数据更有价值。它帮助人 们做出更明智的决定）”以及后文 “This process, along with employees reviewing the contracts, is faster and more accurate.（这个过程，连同雇员审查合同，是更快和更准确的）”可知，后文提到了审查合同，B选项中review contracts对应后文中reviewing the contractso故B选项“EY会计师事务所使用人工智能系统来帮助审查合同”符合语境，应选B。【20题详解】 根据上文 “ A number of companies,
19、particularly in energy and transportation, use Al image processing technology to inspect infrastructure and prevent equipment failure before they happen. If they fail first and then you fix them, ifs very expensive, says Domingos.（许多公司，特别是在能源和交通领域，使用A1图像处理技术检查基础设施, 防止设备故障发生。Domingos说：“如果它们先失败了，然后再修复
20、，本钱会非常高。）”可知，上文提到 了 Domingos对于AI图像处理技术检查基础设施的看法，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续说明他对 此的评价。故D选项“你想预测现在是否有什么事情需要关注，并指出哪些地方对员工有用”符合语境， 应选Do第三局部语言运用（共两节，总分值30分） 第一节（共15小题；每题1分，总分值15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项。Life is precious.To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me
21、with that life, how could I refuse that 21, saying Im cold, hungry, or tired?” These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look intothe heart of this 22 woman, and what carried her through a life of hard 23.As a five-year-old girl, Lin Qiaozhi was deeply 24 by her mothers death. At age 18,25 following t
22、he traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls, she chose to study medicine. Why should girls learn so much? Finding a good husband should be their final goal!” her brother 26, thinking ofthe high tuition fees.Eight years later, Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College with the hi
23、ghest prize. She 27 became the first woman ever to be hired as a resident hysician in the PUMC Hospital.After working for a few years, she was sent to study in Europe and then, in the US. She greatly 28 her American colleagues,who invited her to stay. Dr Lin, however, 29 the offer. She wanted to ser
24、ve the women and children 30.The new Poeples Republic of China 31 Dr Lin Qiaozhi playinga key role. She was elected to be the first National Peoples Congress and held many important 32, Her heart, however,was 33, Shewas more interested in tending patients, publishing medical research and training do
25、ctors.Though Lin Qiaozhi never manned, she was known as the mother of ten thousand babies J having delivered over 50.000 babies in her lifetime. Dr Lin did not retire until the day she 34, 22 April 1983.Even as she laydying;her 35 thoughts were for others.21. A. beliefB. trustC. feelingD. virtue22.
26、A. old22. A. oldB. professionalD. singleC. amazing23.A.choicesB.timesC.factsD.businesses24.A.encouragedB.touchedC.disturbedD.affected25.A.regardless ofB.instead ofC.ahead ofD.in spite of26.A.doubtedB.wonderedC.complainedD.insisted27.A.immediatelyB.suiprisingiyC.eventuallyD.suddenly28.A.enviedB.shock
27、edC.appreciatedD.impressed29.A.dislikedB.rejectedC.withdrewD.made30.A.in needB.at schoolC.in hospitalD.at home31.A.preventedB.hadC.sawD.caught32.A.positionsB.activitiesC.meetingsD.records33.A.nowhereB.anywhereC.everywhereD.elsewhere34A.passed awayB.passed byC.passed outD.passed off35A.realB.finalC.p
28、ositiveD.anxious【答案】21.B22. C23. A 24. D25. B26. C 27. A28. D29. B 30. D 31.C32. A 33. D34. A 35, B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了林巧稚医生的故事。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：生命是珍贵的对一个人来说，没有什么比他们的生命更珍贵，如果他们把 生命托付给我，我怎么能说我又冷又饿又累，拒绝这种信任呢？ A. belief信念；B. trust信任；C.feeling感 觉,感受；D. virtue美德。由前文“if they entrust me with that life”可
29、知,此处指的是人们对林巧稚的信任。 应选Bo【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：林巧稚医生的这些话让我们了解了这位了不起的女性的内心，以及是什么让 她经历了艰难的选择。A. old旧的，老的；B. professional职业的；C.amazing 了不起的;D. single单身的。 根据文章第一句话和后文介绍的林巧稚的突出成就，我们知道她是一个了不起的女性。应选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. choices选择；B.times时光；C.facts事实；D.businesses生意。根据后文 ushe chose to study medicine.v和文章的描述可知
30、，此处指林巧稚做出了一些艰难抉择。应选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个五岁的小女孩，林巧稚深受母亲去世的影响。A. encouraged鼓励；B. touched感动；C.disturbed打搅；D. affected影响。由后文“by her mothers death.”可知,五岁时，林巧稚 的母亲去世了，这对她有很大的影响。应选D。25题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：18岁时，她没有像大多数女孩那样遵循传统的婚姻道路，而是选择了学医。A. regardless of 不管，不顾；B. instead of 代替;而不是;C.aheadof 早于；D. in spite
31、of 虽然。由后文 “she chose to study medicine.”可知，因为林巧稚学医了，这与大多数女孩那样遵循传统的婚姻道路不一样，所以此处 需用instead of。应选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“为什么女孩子要学那么多？找到一个好丈夫应该是她们的最终目标！想到高 昂的学费的弟弟抱怨道。A. doubted怀疑；B. wondered想知道；C plained抱怨；D. insisted坚持。由后 文“thinkingofthehightuitionfees.”可知，因为学医费用昂贵，所以弟弟对姐姐学医的决定开始抱怨。应选 Co【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。
32、句意：她立即成为第一位被聘为北京协和医院(PUMC)住院医师的女性。A. immediately 立亥ij； B. surprisingly 令人惊讶地;C. eventually 最终；D. suddenly 突然。根据前文“Eight years later, Lin graduated from Peking Union Medical College with the highest prize.v 可知，林巧稚医学院一毕业，就成为了一名北京协 和医院(PUMC)住院医师。应选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她给她的美国同事留下了深刻的印象，他们邀请她留下来。A. envie
33、d嫉妒；B. shocked 使吃惊;C. appreciated 感激，欣赏；D. impressed 给留下印象。由后文 u who invited her to stay.v可知，因为她给美国同事留下了深刻的印象，所以美国同事邀请她留下来。应选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，林巧稚医生拒绝了这一提议。A. disliked不喜欢；B.rejected拒绝；C. w汕drew 撤退；D. made制作。由转折副词however可知，林巧稚拒绝了美国同事的挽留。应选B。【30题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：她想为祖国的妇女和儿童服务。A. in need困难的，有需要的；B.
34、 at school在学 校；C.in hospital住院；D. at home在家。前文说美国医院想要挽留林巧稚，但她拒绝了。由此可知，此处 表示她想回家，为祖国的妇女和儿童服务。应选D。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：中华人民共和国成立见证了林巧稚医生发挥了更大的作用。A. prevented阻止；B. had有;C.saw 目睹、见证;D. caught 抓住。根据后文 “DrLin Qiaozhi playingakey role.” 可知，中华人 民共和国成立见证了林巧稚发挥了更大的作用。应选C。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她中选为第一届全国人民代表大会代表，担任过
35、许多重要职务。A. positions职 位；B. activities 活动；C. meetings 会议；D. records 记录。由前文“She was elected to be the first National Peoples Congress可知，因为林巧稚中选为第一届全国人民代表大会代表，所以此处表示她担任过很多重要职务。 应选Ao【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，她的心却在别处。A. nowhere没有地方；B.anywhere任何地方；C. everywhere 所有地方；D. elsewhere 在别处。由后文“ She was more intereste
36、d in tending patients, publishing medical research and training doctors.”可知，虽然担任很多重要职务，但她更对医学感兴趣，所有此处表示心在别处。应选 Do【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：林巧稚医生直到1983年4月22日去世才退休。A. passed away去世；B. passed by 经过;C.passed out昏倒；D. passed off顺利进行。根据后文“Even as she lay dying”和常识可知，林巧稚医 生于1983年4月22日去世。应选A。35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使在
37、她弥留之际，她最后的想法还是为别人着想。A. real真实的；B. final 最后的；C. positive积极的；D. anxious着急的。由前文Even as she lay dying v可知,因为在弥留之际，所 有此处指的是林巧稚医生最后的想法，此时她想到的还是别人。应选B。第二节(共10小题：每题1.5分，总分值15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Were you the first or the last child in your family? Or were you a middle or an only child? Some peo
38、ple think36 matters where you were born in your family. But there are different ideas about 37 birth order means. Some people say that the oldest children, 38 are smart and strong-willed, are very likely39 (succeed), The reason 40 this is simple. Parents have a lot of time for the first child, and g
39、ive him or her a lot of attention. An only child will succeed for 41 same reason. What happens to the other children in the family? 42 (lose) in the crowd sometimes, middle children dont get so much attention when a family has many children, so they dont feel that important. The youngest child, howe
40、ver, often gets special43 (treat). Often this child grows up to be funny. But a recent study saw things quite44 (difference). The study found that first children believed in family rules. They didnt take many chances in their lives. They usually 45 (follow) orders. Rules didnt mean as much to later
41、children in the family.They took chances and they often did better in life.【答案】36. it 37. what38. who 39. to succeed40. for 41. the42. Lost 43. treatment44. differentlyfollowed【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章说明了孩子在家中的排行的影响。【36题详解】考查形式主语。句意：有些人认为你出生在家庭的哪个位置很重要。分析句子结构可知，此处句中“matters” 是宾语从句谓语，主语从句u where you were bo
42、rn in your family n是真正的宾语从句主语，故空处填需要填 写形式主语，故填it。【37题详解】考查宾语从句。句意：但是关于出生顺序的含义有不同的观点。此句为宾语从句，且宾语从句中缺少宾语， 指物，意为“什么，故填what。【38题详解】考查定语从句。句意：有些人说，年纪最大的孩子既聪明又意志坚强，很有可能成功。此句为非限制性定 语从句，先行词为the oldest children,指人，在从句中作主语，故填who。【39题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：有些人说，年纪最大的孩子既聪明又意志坚强，很有可能成功。be likely to do sth. 为固定搭配，意为“有可能做某
43、事”，该空用动词不定式形式，故填t。succeed。【40题详解】考查介词。句意：这原因很简单。the reason for意为”的理由”，为固定用法，故填for。41题详解】考查冠词。句意：独生子女也会因为同样的原因而成功。根据空后的“same reason”可知，此空应该填定 冠词，the same (相同的故填the。【42题详解】考查过去分词。句意：当一个家庭有很多孩子的时候，中间的孩子有时会在人群中消失，不会得到太多的 关注，所以他们不会觉得自己很重要。belostin意为沉迷于”，过去分词lost相当于形容词，表状 态，在句中作状语，首字母大写，故填Lost。【43题详解】考查名词
44、。句意：然而，最小的孩子通常会得到特殊的待遇。根据空前的“get special”可知，此处应该填 写名词作宾语,故填treatment。【44题详解】考查副词。句意：但最近的一项研究却有不同的看法。分析句子可知，此句缺少状语，故用副词形式修饰动词 saw,故填 differentlyo45题详解】考查时态。句意：他们通常服从命令。根据上下文的时态可知，此处应该用一般过去时，故填followed。第四局部写作（共两节，总分值40分）第一节（总分值15分）46.假定你是李华。北京时间2021年6月17日9时22分，神舟十二号载人飞，请你写一封邮件向同为航 天爱好者的英国笔友Mike提供这个消息，
45、内容包括：1,神舟十二号载人飞船的历史意义（空间站建造阶段的首次载人飞行任务、三名航天员将完成为期三个月 的天和核心舱驻留等）；2 你的感想。参考词汇：神舟十二号飞船Shenzhou XII spacecraft；空间站建设阶段 space station construction phase;天和核心舱 Tianhe core module注意：1 .写作词数应为80左右；.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Dear Mike,答案One possible version:Dear Mike,As a space enthusiast like you, I really cant wai
46、t to share with you a most stirring news that Chinas Shenzhou XII spacecraft was launched into space successfully at 9:22 am.,June 17,2021 Beijing time.The successful launch of Shenzhou XII spacecraft is without doubt of great historic significance. Not only does it mark the first manned spaceflight
47、 during Chinas space station construction phase,carrying three astronauts to Tianhe core module,where they are to complete a three-month mission, but it also plays a critical role in testing the technologies and equipment for the construction of the space station.It is this groundbreaking achievemen
48、t that makes me realize that China is always undertaking its responsibility in fulfilling the global dream of exploring the space,which is what I am proud of. And Im eagerly expecting more good news about the Shenzhou XII program.Looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Hua 【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国笔友Mike写封信，与他提供神舟十二号载人飞船的消 息。【详解】1 .词汇积累激动人心的：exciting-stir