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1、zhang shi zhi feng tang lie zhuan张释之冯唐列传zhang ting wei shi zhi zhe du yang ren yd zi jiyou xidngzhdng tong ju yi zi wei张廷尉释之者，堵阳人也，字季。有兄仲同居。以誉为qi Idng shi xido w6n di shi sui bu d dido wu sud zhi mi ng shi zhi yuejiO huan jidn骑郎，事孝文帝，十岁不得调，无所知名。释之曰：“久宦减zhdng zhi chan bu suiyu zi mian gui zhdng lang
2、jiang yuan ang zhi ql xian xi qi qu仲之产，不遂。”欲自免归。中郎将袁盎知其贤，惜其去,ndi qing xi shi zhi bu ye zh shi zhi ji chao bi yin qian ydn pidn yi shiw6n di yue乃请徙释之补谒者。释之既朝毕，因前言便宜事。文帝曰：bei zhi wu shen gao lun ling jin k& shi xing y4wu shi shi zhi yan qln han zhi jian“卑之，毋甚高论，令今可施行也。”於是释之言秦汉之间shi qln sud yi shi er h
3、an sud yi xing zhe jiu zhi wen di chengshan ndi bai shi zhi wei ye事，秦所以失而汉所以兴者久之。文帝称善，乃拜释之为谒zhm pu she者仆射。shi zhi cdng xing deng hd quan shdng wen shdng lln wei zhu qln shou bu shi yu wen wM释之从行，登虎圈。上问上林尉诸禽兽簿，十馀问，尉zud you shi jin bu neng dui hu quan se fu cdng pang dai wei dui shang sud wen qin shou
4、 bu shen xi左右视，尽不能对。虎圈啬夫从旁代尉对上所问禽兽簿甚悉,yu yi guan qi Mng k6u dui xidngying wu qi6ng zh w6n di yueli bu ddng rud shi xi6 wei欲以观其能口对响应无穷者。文帝曰：“吏不当若是邪？尉wu lainai zhao shi zhi bai s6 fu wei shang lln ling shi zhi jiu zhi qian yuebi xia无赖！ ”乃诏释之拜啬夫为上林令。释之久之前曰：“陛下yi jiang hou zhou bo he ru ren ydshang yue
5、zhdng zhd ydyou fu wendong yang以绛侯周勃何如人也？ ”上曰：“长者也。”又复问：“东阳h6u zhangxiang ru h6 ru r6n y$shang fu yuezhdng zh4shi zhi yuefu jidng侯张相如何如人也？ 上复曰：“长者。”释之曰：“夫绛hou dong yang hou cheng wei zhang zhe ci liang ren yan shi ceng bu neng chu kou qi ci se fu侯、东阳侯称为长者，此两人言事曾不能出口，岂教此啬夫di6 di6 11 kdu ji。 g6i zai q
6、im qln yi 佗n dao bl zhi 1111 zheng yi ji ji ke chd xiang gao谍谍利口捷给哉！且秦以任刀笔之吏，吏争以亟疾苛察相高,ran qibi tu wen ju erwuce yin zhi shi yi gu bu wen qf gudling chi 6r zhi wu然其敝徒文具耳，无恻隐之实。以故不闻其过，陵迟而至於er shi tian xia tu bongjinbi xia yi sefu kdu bian er chao qian zhichcnkdng tian xia sui二世，天下土崩。今陛下以啬夫口辩而超迁之，臣恐天下
7、随feng ml ml zheng w6i kdu bidn 6r wu qi shi qi6 xid zhi hud shang ji wu jlng xidng ju cud bu风靡靡，争为口辩而无其实。且下之化上疾於景响，举错不bu shen ydwen di yueshanndi zhi bu bai se fu可不审也。”文帝曰：“善。”乃止不拜啬夫。shang jiu che zhao shi zhi can cheng xu xing wen shi zhi qin zhi bi ju yi zhi yan上就车，召释之参乘，徐行，问释之秦之敝。具以质言。zhi gong sh
8、dng bai shi zhi w6i gong che ling至宫，上拜释之为公车令。qing zhi tdi zl yu lidngwdnggdng che ru chdo bu xia si md mn wu shi shi zhi zhul顷之，太子与梁王共车入朝，不下司马门，於是释之追zhi tai zlliang wang wu de ru dian men sul he bu xia gong men bu ji ng zdu zhi bo tai止太子、梁王无得入殿门。遂劾不下公门不敬，奏之。薄太hou w6n zhi w6n di midnguan xie yuejiao
9、zl bu jinb6 tai hou ndi shi shi chGng后闻之，文帝免冠谢日：“教兄子不谨。”薄太后乃使使承zhao sh0 tai zi liang wang ran hou d6 ru wen di you shi ql shi zhi bai wei zhong dai fu诏赦太子、梁王，然后得入。文帝由是奇释之，拜为中大夫。qing zhi zhi zhdng lang jiang cdng xing zhi ba ling ju bei lin cd shi shi sh白n fu ren 顷之，至中郎将。从行至霸陵，居北临厕。是时慎夫人cong shang zh
10、i shi shcn fu ren xin feng dao yueci zdu han dan daoshi shen fu ren从，上指示慎夫人新丰道，日：“此走邯郸道也。”使慎夫人9a se shdng zl yi sd 6r ge yl cdn ql bei huai gu wei qun ch6n yuejie hu鼓瑟，上自倚瑟而歌，意惨凄悲怀，顾谓群臣日：“嗟乎!yi bei shan shi wei gud ydng xu zhuochenqi qi jian qi ke dong zaizuo you jie以北山石为椁，用丝絮斫陈，紫漆其间，岂可动哉！”左右皆yue sh
11、an shi zhi qidn jin yueshi qi zhdng y6u kg yu zh6 sui gu ndn shan y6u ydu日：“善。”释之前进日：“使其中有可欲者，虽锢南山犹有qi shi qi zhdng wu ke yu zhe sui wu shi gud you he 甲 yanwen di chengshan郑；使其中无可欲者，虽无石椁，又何戚焉！”文帝称善。qi hou boi shi zhi wei ting wei其彳爰拜释之为廷尉。qing zhi shdngxing chu zhdng wei qido y6u yi n cong xia zdu c
12、hu cheng yu md jing顷之，上行出中渭桥，有一人从襦下走出，乘舆马惊。wu shi shi ql bo shu zhi ting wei shi zhi zhi wdn yuexian rn laiw6n bi於是使骑捕，属之廷尉。释之治问。日：“县人来，闻睥,ni qido xia jiu zhi yi wei xing yi gud ji chu jian cheng yu che qi ji zdu er匿桥下。久之，以为行已过，即出，见乘舆车骑，即走耳。”ting wOi qin dang yi r6n fdn bi dang fd jin w6n di nu yuec
13、l rGn qin jing wu md廷尉秦当，一人犯弹，当罚金。文帝怒日：“此人亲惊吾马，wu ma lai rou he li ng ta ma gu bu bai shang Wo hu er ting Wej nai dang zhi fa jin吾马赖柔和，令他马，固不败伤我乎？而廷尉乃当之罚金！”shi zhi yuefd zh$ tian zl sud yu tian xia gong gong y6 jin fd ru cigengzhdng zhi释之日：“法者天子所与天下公共也。今法如此而更重之,shi fa bu xin wu min ye qie fang qi sh
14、i shang shi li zhu zhi ze yi jin ji xia ting wei是法不信於民也。且方其时，上使立诛之则已。今既下廷尉，ting wei tian xia zhi pi ng ye yi qi ng er tian xia yd ng fa jie wei qingzhdng min an sud cud ql廷尉，天下之平也，一倾而天下用法皆为轻重，民安所措其shdu zu w6i bi xia chd zhilidng jin shdng yueting w6i dang shi手足？唯陛下察之。”良久，上日：“廷尉当是也。”ql hdu ydu r6n dd
15、o gao mido zud qidn yu hu6n bu d6 w6n dl nu xid ting wei zhi其彳度有人盗高庙坐前玉环，捕得，文帝怒，下廷尉治。shi zhi anlu dao zdng miao fu yu wuzhe wei zduzdu dangqi shi shang danu yueren释之案律盗宗庙服御物者为奏，奏当弃市。上大怒日：“人zhi wu dao ndi dao xian di miao qi wu sha tingwei zhg yuzhi zhi zu 6rjun yi fd之无道，乃盗先帝庙器，吾属廷尉者，欲致之族，而君以法zdu zhi
16、 fei wu sud yi gdng chengzdng miao yi y4shi zhi mianguan dun shdu xid yuefa奏之，非吾所以共承宗庙意也。”释之免冠顿首谢日：“法ru shi zu yeq语 zui dong ran yi ni shun wei cha jin dao zdng miao qi er zu zhi you如是足也。且罪等，然以逆顺为差。今盗宗庙器而族之，有ru wdn fen zhi yl jid ling yu mln qO zhdng ling yl tu bl xia h6 yi jia ql fd hu如万分之一，假令愚民取长陵
17、一杯土，陛下何以加其法乎？ ”jiu zhi wen di yu tai hdu yan zhi nai xu ting wei dang shi shi zhong wej tiao hou zhdu ya久之，文帝与太后言之，乃许廷尉当。是时，中尉条侯周亚fu yu lidngxiangshan dou h6u wang tian kai jian shi zhi chi yi ping ndi jiC w6i qin y6u zhang ting wei夫与梁相山都侯王恬开见释之持议平，乃结为亲友。张廷尉y6u Cl tian xia cheng zhi由此天下称之。hdu wen di
18、 beng jing di 11 shi zhi kong chengbi ng yu mian qu ju da zhu zhi彳奏文帝崩，景帝立，释之恐，称病。欲免去，惧大诛至；yu jian xie ze wei zhi he ruyongwangsheng ji cu jian xie jing di bu gud y6欲见谢，则未知何如。用王生计，卒见谢，景帝不过也。wangsheng zhd shan wei hudng Ido yan chu shi y6 changzhoo ju ting zhong san gong jiu qing王生者，善为黄老言，处土也。尝召居廷中，三
19、公九卿jin hul 11 wangsheng lao rCn yue wu ji6gu wei zhang ting wiw6i wd ji6尽会立，王生老人，日“吾穆解”，顾谓张廷尉：“为我结shi zhi gui er jie zhi ji yi ren hud wei wangsheng yuedu nai he ting ru zhang鞭！ ”释之跪而结之。既已，人或谓王生日：“独奈何廷辱张ting wOi shi gui ji6wdngsheng yuewu Ido qi6 jian zi du zhong wu yi wu zhang廷尉，使跪结穆？ ”王生日：“吾老且贱，自度
20、终无益於张ting weizhangting wej fang jin tian xia mingchen wu gu lido ru ting wei shi gui jieyu廷尉。张廷尉方今天下名臣，吾故聊辱廷尉，使跪结穆，欲yi zhong zhizhu gong wen zhi xidn wangsheng 6r zhongzhang ting wei以重之。”诸公闻之，贤王生而重张廷尉。zhang ti ng wei shi jing di sui yu wei huai nan wangxiang you shang yi qian gud ye jiu zhi张廷尉事景帝岁馀,
21、为淮南王相，犹尚以前过也。久之，shi zhi cu qi zl yue zhang zhi zi zhdnggong guan zhl ddi fu midn yi bu Mng qu r6ng释之卒。其子日张挚，字长公，官至大夫，免。以不能取容dang shi gu zhdngshen bu shi当世，故终身不仕。feng tang zhe qi da fu zhao ren fu xi dai han xing xi an li ng tang yi xiao zhu冯唐者，其大父赵人。父徙代。汉兴徙安陵。唐以孝著，w6i zhong lang shu zhdng shi wen di
22、 wGn di nidn gud wdn tdng yuefu Ido h。 zi wd lang为中郎署长，事文帝。文帝辇过，问唐日：“父老何自为郎？jia an zaitang ju yi shi dui wen dl yuewu ju dai shi wu shang shi jian gao家安在？ ”唐具以实对。文帝日：“吾居代时，吾尚食监高shu wei wo ydn zhaojiang li qi zhi xidn zhan wu ju lu xia jin wu m6i fan yi wei chang袪数为我言赵将李齐之贤，战於钳鹿下。今吾每饭，意未尝bu zdi jO lu
23、fu zhi zhi hutdng dul yueshdng bu ru Ii6n pd II mu zhi不在铜鹿也。父知之乎？ ”唐对日：“尚不如廉颇、李牧之Wei jiang ye shang yuehe yitang yue chen da fu Zai zhao shi Wei guan jiang为将也。”上日：“何以？ ”唐日：“臣大父在赵时，为官将，shan li mu chen fu gu w6i ddi xiangshan zhoo jiang II qi zhi qi w6i r6nshang ji善李牧。臣父故为代相，善赵将李齐，知其为人也。”上既wen lian po
24、 II mu w6i r6n liang shuo 0r bo bl yuejie hu wu du bu d6 lian闻廉颇、李牧为人，良说，而搏髀日：“嗟乎！吾独不得廉po li mu shi wei wu jiang wu qi you xiong nu zaitang yuezhu chen bi xia sui颇、李牧时为吾将，吾岂忧匈奴哉！ ”唐日：“主臣！陛下虽d6 lidn po II mu fu n6ng ydng yeshang nu qi ru jin zhong lidng jiO zhdo t6ng rdng得廉颇、李牧，弗能用也。”上怒，起入禁中。良久，召唐让yu
25、egong nai he zhong ru wo du wu jian chu hutang xie yuebi ren bu zhi ji日：“公奈何众辱我，独无间处乎？ ”唐谢日：“鄙人不知忌hui讳。“dang shi zhi shi xiong nu xin da ru chdosha bH di du weishang yi hu kou当是之时，匈奴新大入朝，杀北地都尉卬。上以胡寇w6i yi nai cu fu wen tang yue96n9 he yi zhi wu bu neng ydng lian po li mu为意，乃卒复问唐日：“公何以知吾不能用廉颇、李牧也？ ”t
26、ang dui yuech6n wen shang gu wang zhd zhi qidn jiang yd gui er tui gu yue kun yi nei zhd唐对日：“臣闻上古王者之遣将也，跪而推毂，日间以内者，gu6 rn zhi zhi kun yi wai zhS jiang jun zhl zhi jun gong ju6 shdng jie ju6 wu wdi gui 6r寡人制之；闽以外者，将军制之。军功爵赏皆决於外，归而zou zhi ci fci xu ydn yd chen da fu ydn li mu wei zhao jiang ju bian ju
27、n shi zhi zu奏之。此非虚言也。臣大父言，李牧为赵将居边，军市之租jie zi ydngxidng shi shdng ci ju6 wu wai bu c6ng zhong rdo y。 w6i rn Cr z6 chnggong gu 皆自用飨土，赏赐决於外，不从中扰也。委任而责成功，故li mu nai de jin ql zhi neng qian xuan che qian san bai cheng gdu qi wan san qian bai jin zhishi shi wdn shi yl b6i zhu dan yu po dong hu mi。dan lin
28、xi yi qin ndn zhi 士十万，是以北逐单于，破东胡，灭澹林，西抑强秦，南支han wei dang shi zhi shi zhao ji ba qi hdu hui zhaowang qian li qi mu chang ye韩、魏。当是之时，赵几霸。其彳爰会赵王迁立，其母倡也。wang qian li ndi yong guo kai chan cu zhu li mu ling yan ju dai zhi shi yi bi ng pd shi王迁立，乃用郭开谗，卒诛李牧，令颜聚代之。是以兵破土b$i w6i qin su6 qin mi6 jin ch6n qi。w6
29、n wei shang w(i yun zhongsh6u qi jun shi zu jin yi xiang 北，为秦所禽灭。今臣窃闻魏尚为云中守，其军市租尽以飨shi cu si ydng qian wu ri yi chui niu xidng bin ke jun li she ren shi yi xidng nu yudn土卒，私养钱，五日一椎牛，飨宾客军吏舍人，是以匈奴远bi bu jin yun zhong zhi sdi la c6ng yi ru shang lu che qi ji zhi su6 sha qi zhong避，不近云中之塞。虏曾一入，尚率车骑击之，所杀其
30、众。fu shi cu jin jia ren zi qi tian zhongCong jun an zhi chi jl wu fu zhong ri li zhan夫士卒尽家人子，起田中从军，安知尺籍伍符。终日力战,zhdnshdu bu lu shanggong mo fu yi yan bu xiang yingwen li yi fd shcng zhi qi shdng bu斩首捕虏，上功莫府，一言不相应，文吏以法绳之。其赏不xlng 6r 11 fng fd bl y6ng ch6n yu yi w& bl xia fd tdi ml ng shdng tdi qing fd
31、tdi zhdng行而吏奉法必用。臣愚，以为陛下法太明，赏太轻，罚太重。qie yun zhongshdu wei shang zud shang gong shou lu cha liu jl bi xia xia zhi li xue qi jue fa且云中守魏尚坐上功首虏差六级，陛下下之吏，削其爵，罚zud zhi y6u cl ydn zhi bi xid sui dC lidn po li mu fu n6ng yong ch6nch6ng yu作之。由此言之，陛下虽得廉颇、李牧，弗能用也。臣诚愚，chii ji hui Si zui Si zuiwen di Shud shi r
32、i ling feng tang chi jie she wei shang fu触忌讳，死罪死罪！ ”文帝说。是日令冯唐持节赦魏尚，复yi wei yun zhongshdu 6r bai tang wei che qi du wei zhu zhong wei jl jun gu6 che shi以为云中守，而拜唐为车骑都尉，主中尉及郡国车士。qi nian jing di li yi tang wei chu xiang midn wu di li qiu xidn liang ju feng七年，景帝立，以唐为楚相，免。武帝立，求贤良，举冯tang tang shi nian jiu
33、shi yu bu Mng fu w6i guan nai yi tang zi f6ng sul w6i lang sul zl唐。唐时年九十馀，不能复为官，乃以唐子冯遂为郎。遂字wang sun yi qi shi yu yii shan主孙，亦奇主，写余善。tai shi gong yue zhang ji zhi yan zhdng zh6 shdu fd bu a yi feng gong zhi lun jiang lu太史公日：张季之言长者，守法不阿意；冯公之论将率，y6u wa zai ydu wdi zai yu yue bu zhi qi r6n shi qi yduer
34、jun zhi sud cheng有味哉！有味哉！语日“不知其人，视其友”。二君之所称song kc zhu lang miao shu yue bu pian bu ddng wang dao dang dang bu ddng bu pian wang dao诵，可著廊庙。书日“不偏不党，王道荡荡；不党不偏，王道bian bianzhang jl恪ng gong jin zhi yi便便”。张季、冯公近之矣。zhang ji wei du jian shi yuan ang tai zi ju fa se fu wu zhuang jing ma fa jin张季未偶，见识袁盎。太子惧法，啬夫无状。惊马罚金,ddo hudn wu shdng fng gong bdi shdu wei zai lun jiang yin dui li ql shougong wei shdng盗环悟上。冯公白首，味哉论将。因对李齐，收功魏尚。