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1、可数名词和不可数名词可数名词和不可数名词一、名词：名词是所有事物的名称，包括人、物及抽象概念。名词分为普通名词和专有名词两大类。名词在句子中作主语，宾语或表语等。1)1)可数名词（可数名词（Countable NounsCountable Nouns）:一般来说个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。例如:a book,two books,a student,three students,a family,many families。名词单数变复数变化如下：词尾直接加 s 如：catcats bagbags daydays 以 s,sh,ch,x 结尾的
2、词加 es 如：classclasses,matchmatches,box-boxes,dish-dishes,bus-buses,peach-peaches.以辅音加 y 结尾的词变 y 为 i 加 es.元音加 y 结尾的词直接加 s,如:party-partiescity-citiesstory-storiesfamily-familiesbaby-babiesboy-toysmonkey-monkeyskey-keys 等.以 f 或 fe 结尾的词,变 f 或 fe 为 v,加 es,如:wife-wives,half-halves,shelfshelves,knife-knives
3、,life-lives,leaf-leaves.注意特殊情况直接加“s”，要逐个记 chiefs,handkerchiefs,roofs.以辅音加 o 结尾的词常加 es,如:tomatoes,potatoes,heroes.元音加 o 结尾直接加 s.如:radios,zoos,pianos,特殊情况:photos 名词单数变复数特殊变化也要逐个记得如:man-men,woman-women,tooth-teeth,goose-geese,foot-feet,child-children,mouse-mice,oxoxen.（注意：以下单复同形：deer,sheep,species,mean
4、s,Chinese,Japanese）2)2)不可数名词（不可数名词（Uncountable NounsUncountable Nouns）不可数名词不能用数字计算包括物质名词(air,water 等)及抽象名词(advice,hate)等。所以它通常只有单数形式。如：English,air,water,cotton,work不可数名词表示数量时，可以用量词来表达(量词有复数形式)其结构是数词+量词+OF+名词。如：a bottle of water,two cups of tea,three pieces of paper不可数名词的类别：食物：food,salt,bread,rice,be
5、ef,meat,pork,butter（黄油）,cream.液体：water,juice,milk,coffee,tea,coke,oil,wine.表示自然现象：snow,ice,rain,air.其他类：money,news,homework,housework,advice（意见）,information（信息，资料）time,work,room(空间),music,weather,space,sand,furniture（家具）,注意：下列词语在不同含义下词性的不同。chicken鸡肉（不可数名词）鸡（可数名词）fish鱼肉（不可数名词）鱼的种类（可数名词）room空间（不可数名词）房
6、间（可数名词）glass玻璃（不可数名词）杯子（可数名词）paper纸张（不可数名词）试卷（可数名词）experience经验（不可数名词）经历（可数名词）注意事项：1 不可数名词没有复数变化，不能用 A，AN，但可用 THE，或不用冠词，如：bread is the usualbreakfast.2虽然不可数名词没有复数变化，但量词超过一时要加复数。如：three cups of coffee,five bottles of water3 有量词修饰时注意名词是否可数，不可数时用单数，可数时用复数，如：ten bags of rice-ten baskets of eggs跟踪练习跟踪练习I
7、.找出下列笑话中的可数名词，并写出其复数形式：In the market,a buyer asked a seller“How much is this cat,please?”“100 dollars.”“But you onlyasked for 20 dollars yesterday!”“Yes,thats true.But this cat ate a bird last night and the bird was worth80 dollars!”II.找出不可数名词，在横线上打勾，并将可数名词变成复数形式：homework _half _ advice_ money _ kno
8、wledge _boot _blood _ music _chicken _heat _mouth _bread _information _milk _cow _tear _III.选择填空：1The deer has four _.A.footB.feetC.feetsD.foots2Her two brothers are both _.A.policemanB.policemansC.policemenD.policemens3There are four _ and two _ in the group.A.Japanese,GermenB.Japaneses,GermenC.Jap
9、anese,Germans4Two _ would come to the village.A.woman-doctorsB.women doctorC.women doctorsD.woman doctors5Can you see nine _ in the picture?A.sheepB.dogC.pigD.horse6The _ has two _.A.boys,watchesB.boy,watchC.boy,watchesD.boys,watch7The boy often brushes his _ before he goes to bed.A.toothB.toothsC.t
10、eethD.teeths8The Japanese _ will not leave China until she finishes her study.A.womanB.womenC.manD.men9There are lots of _ in the basket on the table.A.tomatosB.tomatoC.tomatoesD.tomatoss10.The cat caught two _ last night.A.mousesB.miceC.mouseD.mices11.The boys have gotalready.A.two breadB.two bread
11、sC.two pieces of breadD.two piece of bread12.The old man wants.A.six boxes of applesB.six boxes of appleC.six box of applesD.six boxs of apples13.Therebsomein the river.A.is,fishB.are,fishsC.is,fishsD.are,fish14.Our English teacher often gives us _in English by e-mail.A.some good informationB.some g
12、ood informationsC.good informationsD.a good informatio15.I would like to have _.A.two glasses of milkB.two glass of milkC.two glasses of milksD.two glass of milks16.What are you listening to,Jack?_or_?A.Music,a newsB.Music,newsC.Musics,newsD.Music,newes17.I have _to do on Sundays.A.many houseworkB.m
13、uch houseworkC.many houseworksD.much houseworks18.Many farmers have got lots of _and got much money by selling the_.A.cow,beefB.cows,beefC.cow,beefsD.cows,beefs19.-Would you like some_?-Oh,yes,just a little.A.milkB.appleC.pearsD.news20.How wonderful!The _is made of_.A.house,glassB.house,glassesC.hou
14、ses,glassD.houses,glasses.翻译下面的短语。1.一些苹果汁_2.一些牛奶_3.一些绵羊_4.一些新闻_5.一些好主意_6.一些牙刷_7.一些家庭作业_8.一些纸_9.一些玻璃_10.一些牛肉_11.一些音乐_12.一些报纸V 写出下列各词的复数I _this _that_ water_tea_watch _child _photo _diary _ milk_day_foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _thief _yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich _man_ woman_ paper_ juice_VII 将以下单复数句进行转换1 This is a knife._2 That is a tomato._3 That child is very good._4 These are mice._5 Those are children._