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1、20202020 届新余市第十中学高三英语期中考试试题及参考答案届新余市第十中学高三英语期中考试试题及参考答案第一部分第一部分阅读（共两节，满分阅读（共两节，满分4 40 0 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 1515 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项A AYou might not expect it,but cows are a large source of the greenhouse gases that are driving climate change.Cows produce l
2、ots of methane by breaking down the grass,Now scientists have shown that the pollution fromcows canbe reduced by adding a little seaweed to their food.Scientists first discovered that seaweed could help control methane from cows several years ago.But thiswork was done in a laboratory,there were many
3、 questions about whether the idea could work in real life.In the lab studies,the cows were given quite a bit of seaweed,and they would cause losing weight.Thatwasnt helpful,since cows are often sold by weight.It also wasnt clear if the seaweed would stop working if it wasused for a longer period of
4、time.Now,scientists from the University of California,Davis have answered several of these questions.The researchers studied 21 cows on a farm for about five months.Theytaught the cows to get their foodfrom inside a special hood,which allowed the scientists to measure the methane that the cows were
5、giving off.This time,they used a much smaller amount of seaweed,which they mixed with the cows food.The results were surprisingly good.In some cases,the cows produced 82%less methane.The improvementdepended on the kind of food the cows were given,but even the worst-polluting cows produced 33%lessmet
6、hane.Over the five months,the scientists didnt see any signs that the cows stomachs were getting used to theseaweed and starting to produce more methane again.Another surprise came when they looked at the weight of the cows.The cows that were fed seaweed gainedjust as much weight as the other cows,b
7、ut they didnt need as much food.But there are still some big problems with the idea of feeding cows seaweed.For one thing,theresnotadequateseaweed to feed all of the cows in the world.So farmers would have to figure out a way to grow lotsof seaweed.A bigger problem is that for most of their lives,co
8、ws live in fields,where they eat the grass.That meanstheres no chance to feed them seaweed every day.These problems need to be taken seriously if the world isgoing to avoid the worst effects of the climate crisis.Still,its true that something as simple as feeding cows seaweed can help reduce some of
9、 the pollutioncausing the climate crisis.1.Why did the scientists do the experiment on the farm?A.To control the amount of seaweed.B.To record the weight cows gained.C.To confirm the effect of seaweed in real life.D.To measure the amount of seaweed cows ale.2.The underlined word“adequate”means _.A.c
10、ommonB.specialC.lackingD.enough3.The passage is written to _.A.appeal to people not to raise the cowsB.encourage people to plant the seaweedC.remind people of controlling cows weightD.call on people to take actions to reduce thepollutionBThursday,two Russian submarines(潜艇)dived down 2.5 miles into t
11、he Arctic Ocean and planted a nationalflag onto a piece of continental shelf known as the Lomonosov Ridge.Rising from the center of the Arctic Basin,the flag sent a clear message to the surrounding nations:Russia had just laid claim(权利)to the vast oil and gasreserves contained in this underwater are
12、a.AfterRussia,theUnited States,Norway,SwedenandFinlandareall trying to gain profit.Projections show thatthe area of land and sea that falls within theArctic Circleis home to an estimated 90 billion barrels of oil,anincredible 13%of Earths reserves.Its also estimated to contain almost a quarter of un
13、tapped global gas resources.But long before this oil race began,how did theArcticbecome so rich in energy?“The first thing you realize is thattheArcticunlike the Antarcticis an ocean surrounded by continents”,Alastair Fraser,a geoscientist from Imperial College London,said.Firstly,this means theres
14、a huge quantity oforganic material available,in the form of dead sea creatures such as plankton and algae,which form the basis ofwhat will ultimately become oil and gas.Secondly,the surrounding ring of continents means that the Arctic Basincontains a high proportion of continental crust(大陆地壳),which
15、makes up about 50%of its oceanic area.Thatssignificant because continental crust typically contains deep depressions called basins,into which organic mattersinks.Here,it gets inserted in rock and preserved in anoxic(缺氧)waters,meaning they contain little oxygen.“Normally,in a shallow sea with lots of
16、 oxygen,it would not be preserved.But if the sea is deep enough,theoxygenated waters at the top will be separated from the anoxic conditions at the base,”Fraser explained.Conserved within these oxygen-free basins,the matter maintains compounds that finally make it useful as anenergy source for milli
17、ons of years in the future.4.Why didRussiaplant a national flag onto the Lomonosov Ridge?A.To tell surrounding countries its armed forces.B.To show its advanced technology of submarines.C.To show abundant natural resources in theArcticBasin.D.To claim its privilege to explore for oil and gas in the
18、area.5.Whats the function of the last sentence in paragraph 2?A.Making a comparison.B.Serving as a connecting link.C.Analyzing the cause and effect.D.Drawing the conclusion of the text.6.What can we know from the last paragraph?A.Oxygen only exists in the top part of the ocean.B.Organic materials mo
19、stly exist in the basins with oxygen.C.Water containing oxygen turns organic materials into oil and gas.D.Oxygen-free environment counts in the formation of the arctics rich energy.7.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.What makes theArcticattractive?B.Why do many nations focus on theArctic?C
20、.Why is there so much oil in theArctic?D.How does theArcticBasincome into being?CThis past year,Ive found myself returning again and again to lines of poetry by Emily Dickinson.Like manypeople,Ive needed the curing effects of reading more than ever.As scientists and psychologists will tell you,books
21、 are good for the brain and their benefits are particularly vital now.Books expand our world,providing an escape and offering novelty,surprise and excitement.They broadenour view and help us connect with others.Books can also distract us and help reduce ourmental chatter.When wehit the“flow state of
22、 reading where were fully lost in a book,our brains mode network calms down.Its anetwork of brain that is active and gets absorbed in thinking and worrying endlessly when we are not doinganything else.There is so much noise in the world right now and the very act of reading is kind of meditation.You
23、disconnect from the chaos around you.You reconnect with yourself when you are reading.And theres no morenoise.In 2020,the NPD Group recorded the best year of book sales since 2004.Yet even as people are buying morebooks,many are reporting theyre having a harder time getting through them.Its difficul
24、t for your brain to focuson a book when its constantly scanning for threats to keep you alive.Our fight-or-flight response has beenconsistently activated.Sometimes I picture my brain as a cartoon brain with little arms and legs,fighting with a book I am holdingand screaming:“Cant you see Im busy!”An
25、xiety causes our brain to produce a flood of stress,which consumesour energy and makes it harder to concentrate.Then one day in December sitting on my couch,I remembered how much I like to readThe House of Mirthevery few years around the holidays.The memory inspired me to pick up the familiar book,o
26、pened it up andstarted reading.I just kept going.The comfort and distraction and brain-opening experience gave me peace.Soreturn to something familiar.8.What does the underlined part“mental chatter”in Paragraph 2 mean?A.Getting lost in a book.B.Non-stop inner anxiety.C.Chatting with the author.D.Pow
27、erful network of brain.9.What do we know about reading according to the text?A.It can treat our headache.B.It can calm down the noisy people.C.It forces us to concentrate.on thinking.D.It makes us communicate with ourselves.10.Why was it difficult for people to finish reading books in 2020?A.People
28、bought too many books.B.The books were too difficult to understand.C.People just wanted to escape from the threat.D.The life threat disturbed peoples focus on books.11.Why is the authors experience mentioned in the last paragraph?A.To rid people of concern for safety.B.To present an effective readin
29、g way.C.To wake up memories of an old book.D.To recommend the book he/she reads.DAncient Dunhuang manuscripts housed abroad have been edited and published by the Institute for OverseasNational Literature of Northwest Minzu University since 2006.Up till now,9 manuscripts kept in the British Libraryan
30、d22 inthe National Library of France have been finished,the institute said on April 24,2018.Tens of thousands of valuable ancient documents and cultural relics,discovered in the Mogao Grottos inDunhuang,Gansu province,were scattered overseas in the early 20th century.Dunhuang manuscripts currently i
31、nthe British Library and the National Library of France are the most important ancient national documents housedabroad.Co-edited by Institute for Overseas National Literature of Northwest Minzu University,Shanghai ClassicsPublishing House,the British Library and the National Library of France,these
32、Dunhuang manuscripts return homein publication form for the first time.The institute is also preparing an online database of the manuscripts.According to Cai Rang,associate director of the institute,Dunhuang manuscripts scattered overseas in Russia,Britain,France and Japan have rich contents,includi
33、ng Buddhism law,social contract,history,linguisticsand art.The institute has edited and published 31 manuscripts over the past 13 years,but the work has not been finished.It plans to publish 15 from the British Library and over 30 from the National Library of France all together.Inaddition,it will a
34、lso publish manuscripts collected by other countries.“Some manuscripts are hard to read because of the indecipherable words.So we read carefully andunderstand them by comparing with Buddhism documents handed down from ancient times,”Cai said.“Next,document classification and compilation will be our
35、key work for further research.”The work done by the institute is helpful to study the history and culture of Tubo(present-day Tibet)duringthe period of 8th to 11th century and the history of national cultural exchanges at that time.12.When did so many valuable ancient documents,discovered in the Mog
36、ao Grottos,were scattered overseas?A.In the late 19th century.B.In the middle of the 19th century.C.At the beginning of the 19th century.D.At the beginning of the 20th century.13.How do the members of the institute understand some manuscripts that are hard to read?A.By using modern technology.B.By a
37、sking other famous experts.C.By comparing them with Buddhism documents.D.By studying the history and culture of Tubo.14.The possible meaning of the underlined word“linguistics”in paragraph 4 is“_”.A.the scientific study of languageB.the opinion that people have about someone or somethingC.something
38、that people may have as part of their characterD.a system or method for carrying passengers or goods from one place to another15.What is the theme of the news report?A.Dunhuang manuscripts scattered overseas have rich contents.B.China publishes Dunhuang manuscripts housed overseas.C.High value of an
39、cient documents and cultural relics in Mogao Grottos.D.Prepare an online database of Dunhuang manuscripts housed overseas.第二节（共第二节（共 5 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 2 分，满分分，满分 1 10 0 分）分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项Cyber bullying(网络霸凌)is a form of bullying but becauseit happens online or on mobile p
40、hones it canhappen 24 hours a day,seven days a week.If you are being bullied at school you can usually get away from thebullies when you are at home._16_Cyber bullying can be done anonymously(匿名).Cyber bullyingis veryserious.It can make you feel afraid and uncomfortable.You might feel like it will n
41、ever end._17_We want you to know there are things you can do to make it stop.You shouldnt have to dealwith bullying alone,so think about talking to someone you trust like a parent,carer or teacher._18_Havingsomeone to talk things through with is really importantit can make you feel more confident ab
42、out dealing withthe situation.It is a good idea to keep a copy of the abusive(辱骂的)texts,emails,comments or messages that you receiveand record the date and time they were sent._19_You should not reply to any messages you receive because it can encourage the bullies and end up worryingyou more.In add
43、ition,you must never give out any personal details on the Internet._20_You can blockemail addresses or chat users if you are being bullied by email or instant(即时的)messenger.A.They can be there to help you.B.It is a good idea to check your phone.C.But with cyber bullying there is no way out.D.No one
44、has the right to make you feel this way.E.Keeping records can be useful when it comes to reporting the bullying.F.When bullying happens at school,its usually a small group of people.G.Such information includes your real name,address,age or phone number.第二部分第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分语言运用（共两节，满分4545 分）分）第一节（共第一节
45、（共 2020 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1.51.5 分，满分分，满分 3030 分）分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项That was a happy evening for the little Down syndrome(唐氏症)girl a teenager the size of a ten-year-old.She and her family were_21_themselves at McDonalds.She made her way to the restroom.Heryounger,but_22_,brother sa
46、t quietly.He noticed something,which_23_,she had not noticed.Four teenagers had taken an interest in the little girl the moment they_24_her.They were openlylaughing and pointing.The brother_25_for his sister.He walked to the guys.They paledslightly and looked alarmed when thistotal stranger their_26
47、_by a year or two placed his hands_27_on their table.They studied eachother while he was clearly in their_28_,and while they were most definitely out of their comfort zones.Thebrother_29_with one hand for one of them to move over.He_30_to sit right down next to them.Somewhat in_31_,and caught comple
48、tely unprepared,they made space for him.“I was watching you makingfun of my sister,”he quietly_32_them.All four stumbled(磕磕绊绊)over their words in their rush.“Who?That was your sister?We werent making fun of her!We_33_we would never_34_ anyone.We just feltsorry for her.”But he told them again,“I watc
49、hed you.”They_35_,knowing they had been caught red-handedand maybe even realizing their_36_and cruelness.Maybe they even sense the love this brother had for hissister.The brother turned_37_them and then he said_38_“I feel sorry for people like YOU!”Then he walked away.When the sister went back to he
50、r seat,the four looked away,_39_sure they lookedly anywhere_40_that little girl.21.A.caringB.cookingC.enjoyingD.helping22.A.elderB.smallerC.biggerD.smarter23.A.thankfullyB.hopefullyC.greatlyD.cautiously24.A.robbedB.spottedC.blockedD.caught25.A.made upB.put upC.took upD.stood up26.A.colleagueB.classC