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1、初一英语一般现在时讲解及其练习初一英语一般现在时讲解及其练习1 1 定义定义:表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作（有时间规律发生的事件）的一种时间状态。2 2 基本结构基本结构A.A.如果谓语动词是实义动词的结构如果谓语动词是实义动词的结构结构：肯定式:主语+动词原形/动词的第三人称单数否定式:主语+助动词 dont/doesnt+动词原形+其他疑问式:Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他简略回答:(肯）Yes，主语+do/does(否）No,主语+do/does not缩写形式:dont=do notdoesnt=does not注意：have 的第三人称单数为 has疑问句型疑问句型
2、谓语动词是实义动词,方法是在主语前加助动词do 或 does 构成，句中动词要改用原型动词。do 用于第一人称和名词复数，does 用于第三人称单数和名词单数或不可数名词。Do you know it？Yes,I do./No,I dont.Does she have a pen？Yes，she does。/No,she hasnt.have 这里是实义动词 Do they play basketball after school?Yes,they do./No，they dont。否定句型否定句型谓语动词是实义动词，是在谓语动词前加do not 或 does not，谓语动词改用动词原型。I
3、 dont have luch at home.Mr。Jimmy doesnt know French。They dont play basketball on the sports ground.肯定式I work。You work.We work.They work.He(She,It)works.疑问式Do I work?Do you work？Do we work？Do they work?Does he（she,it)work？否定式I do not work.You do not work.We do not work。They do not work.He（She,It）does
4、 not work。否定疑问式Do I not work?Do you not work？Do we not work?Do they not work?Does he（she，it）not work？B B 如果谓语动词是如果谓语动词是 be/be/情态动词的结构情态动词的结构结构:主语+be+其他主语+情态动词+动词原形1）be 动词的第一人称单数为am，第三人称单数为 is，其他人称为 areBe 动词顺口溜用法：我用 am，你用 are，is 用于他，她，它,单数 is，复数 are。肯定式：主语+am/is/are+其他否定式：主语+am/is/are+not+其他疑问式：Am/Is
5、/Are+主语+其他？简略回答:(肯)Yes，主语+am/is/are（否）No,主语+am/is/are not缩写形式:Im=I amThats=That isWere=We areWhats=What isYoure=You areWhos=Who isTheyre=They areWheres=Where isHes=He isShes=She isIts=It isisnt=is notarent=are not疑问句型疑问句型1.对于谓语动词或助动词是be、can/may等，将这些词移到主语前面。Are you students？Yes，we are。/No，we arent.Is
6、 Jane in the classroom?Yes,he is。/No，he isnt.Is there any water in the glass？Yes,there is./No,there isnt。Can you swim?Yes,I can。/No,I cant.否定句型否定句型谓语动词或助动词是be、can/may/等，在将助动词后加not.I am not at college。Mr.Wang isnt 50 years old。You may not go now.2）情态动词 can/may 的用法同 be 动词 Eg:I can do my homework。She c
7、an seea picture.3.3.动词的表达方法动词的表达方法主要通过谓语动词的变化和用时间词语来表示，其中最主要的是谓语动词的变化。现在一般时动词变化的规则是：A A实义动词实义动词1.如果主语是名词复数和第一人称I、we，谓语动词不用做任何变化，即仍然用动词原型表示：We usually go to school at 7:30。我们通常 7:30 上学去。goMy parents give ten yuan to my sister every week。我父母每星期给我妹妹十元钱.give 2。主语是任何一个单数名词或者是第三人称单数,谓语动词要进行必要的变化。特别提一点:不可数
8、名词也算作单数处理。实义动词单数变法规则：情况一般情况构成方法加-s读音清辅音后读/s/浊辅音和元音后读/z/读/iz/例词swim-swims；help-helps;以 s,sh,ch,x，o 等结尾的词以辅音字母+y 结尾的词加 esPasses,finishes,teaches,goesstudystudies变y 为i再加es读/z/写出下列动词的第三人称单数：studyplaygocomehelpteachlielistenbeginopensitwashguesscutruneatB B助动词助动词a。基本助动词 be(是)-am,is,areI 用 am;she/he/it,名词
9、单数都用is；we,you,they,名词复数都用 areb。基本助动词have(有）-have，hasI，we，you，they,名词复数都用 have；she/he/it is,名词单数都用hasc。基本助动词 do-do doesI，we,you，they,名词复数都用 do；she/he/it is,名词单数都用doesd.情态助动词，不论单复数、不论什么人称都没有变化，都用can，may 等。而且，句子中有了助动词，谓语动词就不需要有任何变化了，即用动词原形表示。Lucy is at home now。露茜现在在家。We have six classes every day.我们每天
10、上六节课。Jack likes Chinese food very much。杰克很喜欢中国饮食。We can see some pictures on the wall.我们能看到墙上的画。4 4 具体运用具体运用1。表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用.一般现在时的时间状语有：usually，often（经常），always（总是)，sometimes（有时）,on Sundays/Mondays，today,every day（week，month，year,），this year,once a week(month,year,）一周（月,年)一次every mornin
11、g/night/evening/day/week，from time to time,twice a week注意:行为动词的一般现在时中涉及了频度副词，用法：常见的频度副词有：often，always，usually，never,sometimes 等用于行为动词之前，be/助、情态动词之后.e。g.I leave home for school at 7：00 every morning.I dont usually get up at 6oclock。He often goes to school by bike。2.表示客观事实和普遍真理.e。g Shanghai lies in th
12、e east of China。Two and two are four.二加二等于四.The earth moves around the sun。地球绕着太阳转。4.表示主语现在具备的性格、能力、特征和状态。e.g。He likesEnglish very much。他非常喜欢英语。She is a student。Tom canspeak English。一般现在时态专项练习一般现在时态专项练习一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式postlikeridestudyeatvisithavewatchstoppassgiveflyjumprisewriteteachgoreadswimdo二单
13、项选择1。_ you have a book？A DoB.AreC.IsD.Have2.Does Li Lei like to watch TV?_。A。Yes，he like。B.No,he doesnt.C.Yes，hed like。D。No,he likes。3。She doesnt _ her homework in the afternoon。A。doingB.to doC。doesD。do4.How _ Mr。Smith _ to England？A.do,goB。is，goC.does,goD.does,goes5。_ she _ home at six every day?A.
14、Is,leaveB。Does，leave C。Is,leavesD.Does，left6.I want_homework now。（A)doing(B）to do(C)to do my(D)do my7.Its time_.（A）go to school（B)play games(C）to go home（D）to do my homeworks8_you _the blackboard？Yes,I can.（A）Can,clean(B）Am,cleaning（C）Are，cleaning（D)Do,clean9_go and help her。A.Lets meB.Lets usC。Lets
15、D.Lets to10 Do they have a new car?Yes，_.A.they areB.they haveC。they dontD。they do11He often _ supper at 6:00 in the evening.A。haveB。hasc。is havingD.is eating12。Its 6 oclock in the morning。Its time_。A.get up B.gets up C。to getupD。gets up13。We _ any Chinese classes on Friday.A。are havingB.arent havin
16、gC。dont haveD。are have14。Tom _ an English class today.A.is havingB。hasC。havingD。have15。Are you playing basketball?No，we _。A.isntB。arentC.notD.dont16。Where _ he _ from?A.is,comeB。do，comeC。does，comeD。is,from17.What language do you _?A。sayB.speakC.talkD。tell二、用下列动词的适当形式填空1.He often（have）dinner at home。
17、2.Daniel and Tommy（be）in Class One.3.We (not watch）TV on Monday.4.Nick（not go)to the zoo on Sunday。5.they(like）the World Cup？6.What they often（do)on Saturdays?7.your parents（read)newspapers every day？8。The girl(teach)us English on Sundays。9.She and I（take）a walk together every evening.10。There (be）s
18、ome water in the bottle.11。Mike（like）cooking。12。They (have）the same hobby。13。My aunt (look)afterher baby carefully.14。You always (do）your homework well。15。I (be）ill。Im staying in bed。16.She (go)to school from Monday to Friday。17。Liu Tao（do)not likePE.18.The child often（watch）TV in the evening.19.Su
19、Hai and Su Yang（have)eight lessons this term。20。What day (be)it today?Its Saturday.21.I _（get）up at 6 oclock every day。22.My father _(have)a lovely dog.23。He _(go）to school onfoot。24。She _（do)not like watching TV.25。They _(play）football everySunday afternoon三、按要求完成下列各题1。Tomorrow is Saturday.(变成一般疑问句
20、)_ _ Saturday?2.Does he play basketball every weekend？(肯定回答)Yes，_。3。She looks like her sister。（变一般疑问句)_ she _ like her sister?4.Peter and Sam look the same。（一般疑问句）_ they _ the same？5.There are some apples on the trees。(改成单数句子）_6.We have many friends in China。（改成单数句子)_7.Do they always go to the movie
21、（电影院）on Sundays?（否定回答）No，_。五、英汉互译1.Tom经常放学后（after school）踢足球。_2.我喜欢唱歌。_3.He often goes to school on foot。_4.Children like to play this game._5.今天是星期日。_6 他经常在周六的时候读英语._7 Peter 每天都帮助妈妈做家务._8 Tom always plays football after school。_9 I get up at six oclock every day._10 The coat fits(适合）me very well._四、改错(）1.Is your brother speak English?A B C（)2.Does he likes going fishing？AB C（）3。He likes play games after class。ABC（)4。Mr.Wu teachs us English。AB C(）5.She dont do her homework on Sundays.A B C