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1、会计学1牛津牛津(ni jn)高中英语高中英语MUnitGrammar虚拟虚拟语气语气第一页，共65页。如果上天再给我一次机会如果上天再给我一次机会(j hu)(j hu)，我会对那个女孩说，我爱你。我会对那个女孩说，我爱你。If God gave me another chance,I would say the three words to her-I love you.Big words of western tour （大话西游）（大话西游）第1页/共65页第二页，共65页。If tomorrow were doomsday,I would seize every opportunit
2、y to do what I want to.Doomsday（世界末日）（世界末日）第2页/共65页第三页，共65页。As the hare looks down upon the tortoise,he lies down and sleeps soundly.If you were the hare,what would you do?The tortoise and the hare 第3页/共65页第四页，共65页。44陈述陈述陈述陈述(chnsh)(chnsh)语气（语气（语气（语气（indicativemoodindicativemood）IwentIwenttotothethe
3、atreyesterday.thetheatreyesterday.Jackhadntcomebackhomeyet.Jackhadntcomebackhomeyet.44祈使语气祈使语气祈使语气祈使语气（imperativemoodimperativemood）Letsgo.Letsgo.DonttouchanythingonthetableuntilDonttouchanythingonthetableuntilthebellrings.thebellrings.语气语气(yq)(yq)的分类：的分类：第4页/共65页第五页，共65页。44虚拟语气虚拟语气（subjunctivemood）
4、IfIwereyou,Iwouldnotleaveheralone.Ourteachersuggestedthatwe(should)gotothelibrarythisafternoon.第5页/共65页第六页，共65页。a.真实条件句真实条件句 b.表示条件是真的或有可能表示条件是真的或有可能(knng)实现的实现的,c.采用陈述语气。采用陈述语气。第6页/共65页第七页，共65页。What will you doif it rains tomorrow?I shall stay at home if it rains tomorrow.第7页/共65页第八页，共65页。真实条件句用于陈述
5、语气真实条件句用于陈述语气真实条件句用于陈述语气真实条件句用于陈述语气,假设的情况可能发生假设的情况可能发生假设的情况可能发生假设的情况可能发生(fshng),(fshng),(fshng),(fshng),其中其中其中其中if if if if是是是是“如果如果如果如果”的意思。的意思。的意思。的意思。条件从句条件从句主主 句句一般现在时will/shall+动词原形第8页/共65页第九页，共65页。If I were Mr.Bean,I would第9页/共65页第十页，共65页。b.虚拟条件句虚拟条件句 表示表示(biosh)条件是无法实现或几条件是无法实现或几乎无法实现的，采用虚拟语气
6、。乎无法实现的，采用虚拟语气。第10页/共65页第十一页，共65页。If Mr.Bean were your teacher,he would give you no homework.第11页/共65页第十二页，共65页。If you were one of them now,would/should/could/might you do the same thing?cheat in the examuse mobile phone in classsleep in class第12页/共65页第十三页，共65页。If I were your teacher,I would give yo
7、u no homework.If I were one of them,I would not cheat in the exam.If I were the student,I would not use the mobile phone in class.Watch and learn第13页/共65页第十四页，共65页。If+主语主语(zhy)+,主语主语(zhy)+.以上例句谈论的都是与以上例句谈论的都是与 事实相反事实相反(xingfn)的情况的情况现在现在(xinz(xinzi)i)did(were)would/should/could/might+动词原形动词原形Conclusi
8、on第14页/共65页第十五页，共65页。If I were the English teacher,I would.Pair work第15页/共65页第十六页，共65页。If you had been on the spot(在现场(xinchng),what would you have done?第16页/共65页第十七页，共65页。If I had worked harder at senior high,I would have succeeded in going to Qinghua University.If I had been on the spot(在现场在现场(xin
9、chng),I would have sent her to the hospital.Watch and learn第17页/共65页第十八页，共65页。Share your regrets（遗憾(yhn)的事）with your partners,using:If I had done,I would have done.Pair work第18页/共65页第十九页，共65页。If+主语主语(zhy)+,主语主语(zhy)+.以上例句以上例句(lj)谈论的都是与谈论的都是与 事实相反的情事实相反的情况况过去过去(guq(guq)had done sth.would/should/could
10、/might+have doneConclusion第19页/共65页第二十页，共65页。If it were Sunday tomorrow,what would you do?第20页/共65页第二十一页，共65页。What would you do if you had/should have/were What would you do if you had/should have/were toto have a lot of money?have a lot of money?If I won/were If I won/were toto win/should win the l
11、ottery win/should win the lottery(彩票彩票(cipio)one day,I would.(cipio)one day,I would.第21页/共65页第二十二页，共65页。If it were Sunday tomorrow,I would go If it were Sunday tomorrow,I would go toto see a see a film.film.If it were Sunday tomorrow,I would play If it were Sunday tomorrow,I would play computer game
12、s at puter games at home.If I won/should/were If I won/should/were toto win the lottery(win the lottery(彩票彩票(cipio)one day,I would help some poor people.(cipio)one day,I would help some poor people.Watch and learn第22页/共65页第二十三页，共65页。以上例句谈论的都是与以上例句谈论的都是与 事实事实(shsh)相反的情相反的情况况If+主语主语(zhy)+_,主语主语(zhy)+.
13、将来将来(jingl(jingli)i)did(were to do/should do)would/should/could/might+动词原形动词原形Conclusion第23页/共65页第二十四页，共65页。条件从句条件从句主主 句句例例 句句与现在事实与现在事实相反的假设相反的假设与过去事实与过去事实相反的假设相反的假设与将来事实与将来事实相反的假设相反的假设did/wereshould/would/could/might+dohad doneshould/would/could/might+have donedidwere to+doshould+doshould/would/co
14、uld/might+doIf I _ you,I _ _(seize)the chance togo abroad.If you _ _(take)myadvice,you _ _(pass)the examsIf he _ _(not come)tomorrow,we _ _(put)off the meeting.werewould seizehad takenwould have passedshould not comewould put虚拟语气主从虚拟语气主从(zhcng)(zhcng)句的谓语形式句的谓语形式第24页/共65页第二十五页，共65页。1.Idonthaveacellp
15、hone.IfI_one,itwouldbeconvenientformetogetintouchwithothers.A.hasB.havebeenC.hadD.haveC2.Iftheearthquakehadhappenedinthedaytime,there_manymoredeaths.A.wereB.wouldhavebeenC.hadbeenD.wouldbeBPractice第25页/共65页第二十六页，共65页。4.Youdidntletmedrive.Ifwe_inturn,you_sotired.A.drove;didntgetB.drove;wouldntgetC.we
16、redriving;wouldntgetD.haddriven;wouldnthavegot3.Ifweweretobe200yearsold,we_everything.A.willchangeB.canchangeC.couldchange D.shallchangeCD第26页/共65页第二十七页，共65页。5.IfI_inthe22ndcentury,I_myvacationinaverydifferentway.A.shouldlive;wouldspendB.willlive;shouldspendC.wereliving;shouldhavespentD.willbeliving
17、;wouldhavespentA第27页/共65页第二十八页，共65页。1.IfIhadhadenoughmoney,Iwouldbuyanewcar.2.Hewouldhavecometothepartyifhewasntbusy.3.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wemighthaveputoffthevisittotheTaizhouBridge.4.IfithadntrainedlastSunday,wecouldgopicnicking.hadhad not beenmightcould have gone 第28页/共65页第二十九页，共65页。省略省略(shngl
18、)if 的虚拟条件的虚拟条件句的倒装句的倒装第29页/共65页第三十页，共65页。If I were Obamas daughter,I would be very happy.Were I 第30页/共65页第三十一页，共65页。If I had had another chance,I would have run faster.Had I had 第31页/共65页第三十二页，共65页。省略省略if if 的虚拟条件句的倒装的虚拟条件句的倒装(do(do zhun),zhun),把把 were,had,should were,had,should 提到句首提到句首 If you were
19、 the manager here,what would you do?Were you.If he should act like that again,he would be fired immediately.Should he.第32页/共65页第三十三页，共65页。If I had had time,I would have run around the lake again.Had I had.If there should be a flood,what should we do?Should there be.第33页/共65页第三十四页，共65页。1、条件句中的虚拟语气2、省
20、略(shngl)If的虚拟条件句 Summary第34页/共65页第三十五页，共65页。虚拟语气解题虚拟语气解题(ji(ji t)t)策略策略1.1.1.1.首先判断是不是虚拟语气；首先判断是不是虚拟语气；首先判断是不是虚拟语气；首先判断是不是虚拟语气；2.2.2.2.是属于虚拟语气的哪一类；是属于虚拟语气的哪一类；是属于虚拟语气的哪一类；是属于虚拟语气的哪一类；（抓住标志词）（抓住标志词）（抓住标志词）（抓住标志词）3.3.3.3.准确准确准确准确(zhnqu)(zhnqu)(zhnqu)(zhnqu)把握虚拟语把握虚拟语把握虚拟语把握虚拟语气的时间暗示；气的时间暗示；气的时间暗示；气的时间
21、暗示；4.4.4.4.最终确定正确的虚拟谓语动最终确定正确的虚拟谓语动最终确定正确的虚拟谓语动最终确定正确的虚拟谓语动词表现形式。词表现形式。词表现形式。词表现形式。（辨明肯定（辨明肯定（辨明肯定（辨明肯定/否定）否定）否定）否定）Strategy第35页/共65页第三十六页，共65页。God and In nIf I were God,I would have everything.n nIf I had met God,I would have made friends with him.n nIf I should see God one day,I would tell him my
22、dream.n nI wish I could meet Appolo(阿波罗阿波罗),because I love sunlight.n nI wish I could meet Cupid(丘比特丘比特),because love is the most beautiful.n nBut it is impossible that I meet God.n nSo it is the most important that we should study hard.Oral practice第36页/共65页第三十七页，共65页。Assignments:1.Revisewhathasbee
23、nlearntandtakenotescarefully.2.Finishofftheexercisesonp116.第37页/共65页第三十八页，共65页。虚拟语气假设条件句型注意虚拟语气假设条件句型注意(zhy)点点:假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致主句所假设的谓语动词不一致,叫做错叫做错综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动综条件虚拟语气。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。词要依照假设的时间而定。第38页/共65页第三十九页，共65页。Unit 3 Module 6 Grammar Subjunctivemood(2)第39页
24、/共65页第四十页，共65页。Aims:1.1.To master some special usages of Subjunctive mood2.2.To practice using these correctly by doing some exercises第40页/共65页第四十一页，共65页。1._theexam,hewouldhaveattendacollege.A.IfhepassedB.HadhepassedC.WerehepassedD.IfheshouldpassB2._fiveminutesearlier,youcouldhaveseenthemoff.A.Ifyou
25、shouldarriveB.IfyouarriveC.HadyouarrivedD.ShouldyouarriveC3._itraintomorrow,weshouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheScienceMuseum.A.WereB.shouldC.wouldD.willB第41页/共65页第四十二页，共65页。Ifwehadnoelectricity,whatwouldourlifebe?Iftherewereno electricity,whatwouldourlifebe?Practice:Practice:1.1.假如没有电假如没有电,我们我们(w men)
26、(w men)的生活将会怎样的生活将会怎样?第42页/共65页第四十三页，共65页。2.如果他当时(dngsh)抓紧时间，他本来能赶上那趟火车。Ifhehadhurried,hecouldhavecaughtthetrain.3.如果(rgu)你昨天告诉他，他也许会提些建议了。Ifyouhadtoldhimyesterday,hemighthavemadesomesuggestions.第43页/共65页第四十四页，共65页。4.假如(jir)我要出国，我就会去法国。IfIweretogoabroad,IwouldgotoFrance.5.万一明天下雨，我们的郊游(jioyu)就推迟。Ifit
27、shouldraintomorrow,ourpicnicwouldbeputoff.第44页/共65页第四十五页，共65页。Zhou Xing Xings regret第45页/共65页第四十六页，共65页。曾经有一份真挚的感情放在我的面前，我没有曾经有一份真挚的感情放在我的面前，我没有珍惜珍惜(zhnx)。等我失去的时候我才后悔莫。等我失去的时候我才后悔莫及。及。If I _ when I got it,I _ when I lost it.had valued the true lovewouldnt have greatly regretted第46页/共65页第四十七页，共65页。如果
28、上天能够给我一个再来一次的机会如果上天能够给我一个再来一次的机会(j hu)，我会对那个女孩子说三个字：，我会对那个女孩子说三个字：“我爱我爱你你”。If God _ me another chance right now,I _ the three words to the girl,“I love you”.offeredwould utter第47页/共65页第四十八页，共65页。一、混合虚拟结构一、混合虚拟结构一、混合虚拟结构一、混合虚拟结构(jigu)(jigu)1 1不同时间的虚拟（用括号所给词的适当形式填空）不同时间的虚拟（用括号所给词的适当形式填空）不同时间的虚拟（用括号所给词
29、的适当形式填空）不同时间的虚拟（用括号所给词的适当形式填空）If he had listened If he had listened toto me,he would not be in trouble now.(be)me,he would not be in trouble now.(be)If he had told me yesterday,I should know what If he had told me yesterday,I should know what toto do now.(know)do now.(know)If I were you,I would have
30、 gone If I were you,I would have gone toto her birthday party.(go)her birthday party.(go)If you hadnt lent me some money,I couldnt have bought the new house If you hadnt lent me some money,I couldnt have bought the new house and most likely I would be still living in the dangerous house now.(lend)an
31、d most likely I would be still living in the dangerous house now.(lend)第48页/共65页第四十九页，共65页。2虚拟与陈述虚拟与陈述(chnsh)的混合的混合He could have passed the exam,but he wasnt careful enough.(pass)You should have come earlier.The bus left a moment ago.(come)第49页/共65页第五十页，共65页。二、特殊句式虚拟结构二、特殊句式虚拟结构1省略连词省略连词if。在书面语中，如果虚
32、拟。在书面语中，如果虚拟条件从句中有助动词或情态条件从句中有助动词或情态(qngti)动词动词were，had 或或 should，可以把，可以把if省省略，把这几个词放到主语之前，构成略，把这几个词放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装。主谓倒装。Should he come(If he should come),tell him to ring me up.他要是来了，让他给我打个电话。他要是来了，让他给我打个电话。Were I you(If I were you),I would not do it.我要是你，就不做这事。我要是你，就不做这事。第50页/共65页第五十一页，共65页。2suggest
33、,order,propose,request,require,demand,advise,insist宾语从句(cn j)(should)doHe suggested that we(should)save money for the future.(save)The undergraduate insisted that he(should)go to work in the south.(go)注意：当suggest表示暗示，insist表示坚持观点、事实时，后接的宾语从句(cn j)应当用真实语气。His silence suggested that he agreed with my
34、decision.(agree)He insists that doing morning exercises does good to peoples health.(do)第51页/共65页第五十二页，共65页。3It is suggested/advised/ordered/requested/requiredthat从句从句(cn j)(should)doIt is proposed that more students should go to university.(go)4My advice/suggestion/request/requirement/order/proposa
35、lis表语从句表语从句(cn j)(should)do My advice is that you should practise speaking English as often as possible.(practise)The order from the commander was that the troops should set off for the front immediately.(set off)第52页/共65页第五十三页，共65页。5His suggestion/advice/request/requirement同位语从句同位语从句(should)doisThe
36、 request that they should get more is reasonable.(get)6It is natural/necessary/strangethat从句从句(should)do表惊奇、怀疑、惋惜、表惊奇、怀疑、惋惜、不满、理应不满、理应(lyng)如此等。如此等。Its strange that he should have missed the train.(表竟然表竟然)(miss)It is important that we should learn from others.(表理应表理应(lyng)如此如此)(learn)It is a pity th
37、at he should not go with us.(表惊讶、不满表惊讶、不满)(not go)第53页/共65页第五十四页，共65页。7wishthat从句从句(did/were 与现在与现在(xinzi)相反相反)wishthat从句从句(would/could/mightdo与将来相反与将来相反)wishthat从句从句(had done 与过去相反与过去相反)I wish I could go with them tomorrow.(go)I wish I had never met him.(never meet)8It is(high/about)time从句从句(did或或s
38、hould do)It is(high/about)time we went home.(go)9would rather从句从句(did 与现在与现在(xinzi)或将来相反或将来相反)；(had done 与与过去相反过去相反)I would rather you came tomorrow.(come)I would rather you hadnt told her the news.(not tell)第54页/共65页第五十五页，共65页。10省去条件从句或主句：表示虚拟语省去条件从句或主句：表示虚拟语气的主句或从句有时可以省略，但其气的主句或从句有时可以省略，但其含义仍可以推知。
39、含义仍可以推知。1)省去条件从句省去条件从句You could have washed your clothes yourself.(wash)你本可以自己洗衣服的。你本可以自己洗衣服的。省去了省去了“If you had wanted to”。(事实事实(shsh)是：你自己没洗衣服，因为是：你自己没洗衣服，因为你不想洗你不想洗)第55页/共65页第五十六页，共65页。2)省去主句省去主句(zh j)(常用以表示愿望常用以表示愿望)If only从句从句(did/were与现在相反与现在相反)/(would/could/mightdo与将来相与将来相反反)/(had done 与过去相反与过
40、去相反)“要是要是就好了就好了”If my grandmother were with me!(be)如果我的祖母与我在一起多好啊！如果我的祖母与我在一起多好啊！(事实事实是：祖母已不在世是：祖母已不在世)If only she had not left!(not leave)如果她没走就好了！如果她没走就好了！(事实是：她已经走事实是：她已经走了了)If only I had taken her advice!(take)如果我听从了她的建议就好了。如果我听从了她的建议就好了。(事实是：事实是：我没有听从我没有听从)第56页/共65页第五十七页，共65页。注意：注意：only if是是“只要
41、只要”的意思，从句中的意思，从句中用陈述语气用陈述语气(yq)。11as if从句从句(did/were 与现在相反与现在相反)/(would/could/mightdo与将来相与将来相反反)/(had done 与过去相反与过去相反)She treats Kate as if she were her own daughter.(be)They talked as if they had been friends for years.(be)第57页/共65页第五十八页，共65页。12would like/was/were to have done sth.表示表示(biosh)“本打算本打
42、算”“本计本计划划”或或“本应当本应当”做的事而没有做成做的事而没有做成或没有发生或没有发生I would like to have attended the party,but one of my friends came to see me.(attend)13but for名词意为名词意为“要不是要不是/如果没如果没有有”But for your help we couldnt have succeeded in the experiment.(not succeed)如果没有你的帮助，我们的实验不可能如果没有你的帮助，我们的实验不可能成功。成功。第58页/共65页第五十九页，共65页。
43、14注意虚拟条件从句的特殊(tsh)形式Without electricity,human life would be quite different today.Without the air to hold some of the suns heat,the earth at night would be freezing cold.15注意转折语气连词引导的虚拟语气He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball,otherwise he would have scored a goal.(score)I told Sally how t
44、o get here,but perhaps I should have written it down for her.(write)Yesterday,Jane walked away from the discussion.Otherwise,she might have said something she would regret later.(say)第59页/共65页第六十页，共65页。16注意分词注意分词(fn c)和独立结构引导的和独立结构引导的虚拟语气虚拟语气Given more than two hours,we could have done the work bett
45、er.(do)Not having finished the work,he couldnt have seen this film.(see)第60页/共65页第六十一页，共65页。第61页/共65页第六十二页，共65页。Grammar 2达标达标(d bio)答案答案1.had followed2.have watched3.had told4.expect5.focused6.(should)be discussed 7.would have been saved8.have been9.must10.could have expressed11.be writing12.made 13
46、.have been14.have helped 15.had been第62页/共65页第六十三页，共65页。Iftheweatherhadbeenfiner,thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter.Ifyouhadfollowedtheteachersadvice,youwouldntbeinthehospitalnow.The pastThe present第63页/共65页第六十四页，共65页。1.IfIhadstudiedEnglishlastyear,I_abletospeakitnow.A.wouldhavebeenB.shouldbeC.hadbeenD.couldbe2.Ifyou_yourmedicineyesterday,youwouldbewellnow.A.tookB.wouldtakeC.hadtakenD.wouldhavetaken3.-Ishefeelinganybetter?-No,ifhehadfollowedthedoctorsadvice.He_quiteallrightnow.A.willhavebeenB.wouldhavebeenC.wouldbeD.willbe第64页/共65页第六十五页，共65页。