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1、1/16Projects Aim Projects Aim What?qGood quality laminatesqBetter mechanical propertiesqMinimize defectsqBubbles,fibre wettingqVoid content 2%How?Vibrations:qSuitable frequencyqMode of vibrationqPosition qTransmission means第1页/共15页2/16Projects Method IProjects Method IqShaker 1-9000 Hz,signal genera
2、tor,power amplifier and mouldqHand lay-up of glass fibres(12 plies)and vinyl-ester resinqLaminates(10 x10 x3mm)qUV curingqOptical microscopeqTop cover&Vacuum-later第2页/共15页3/16Projects Method IIProjects Method IIChanging ParametersqFrequency and power of vibrationsqTime lengthqTemperatureqTop cover p
3、lateqVacuum bagging HypothesisqVoid mobilityqStokes lawqViscosity(Arrhenius)qEnergy-Amplitude:EA2qPressure:PV=RT.第3页/共15页Whats happening?!Whats happening?!qPressure and temperature variations internal pressure-external pressure=2/rqBuoyancyqCoalescence/dispersion of voids4/16ExpansionShrinkage-surfa
4、cetensionofaliquidr-radiusofabubble第4页/共15页5/16Projects Results IProjects Results IOptical micrograph Optical micrograph(64x)(64x)Void sizes:Void sizes:500 m_ 100mDistribution of bubble size cross section第5页/共15页6/16Projects Results IIProjects Results II10 min30 minA.50 100 m B.100 200 mC.200 500 m
5、D.500 m第6页/共15页7/16Projects Results IIIProjects Results IIIA.50 100 m B.100 200 mC.200 500 m D.500 m第7页/共15页8/16Projects Discussion IProjects Discussion IVoidpercentageobservedon8imagesofeachlaminatescross-sectionNo cover%Top cover%+vacuum%101.0050.4770.104302.1240.0400.018505.6561.0760.543NO8.3744.
6、5021.363Frequency Hz 第8页/共15页9/16Projects Discussion IIProjects Discussion IIGood results from:qLow freq(10-50Hz)qHigher temperaturesqTop coverqVacuumqVoid%decreasedqProperties still to investigateqIs it good enough?qCan it be better?第9页/共15页Hotwatertanks,50lPumpWaterpotFlexiblehosesShakersLowercham
7、berUpperchamberSiliconemembraneSchematicofthesystemCurrentWorkSmall machine?!?Small machine?!?qWithvibrationsqCuringatelevatedtemperatures(80C)qHeattransferrateliquid/gas=25qVacuumqEpoxyresinsystem第10页/共15页VibrationProject,JelenaMN11/16第11页/共15页12/16FutureFutureqLow frequenciesqHigh temperaturesqVac
8、uumqDifferent fibre/resinq1 to 5 shakersqOptical microscopy and CT scanqMechanical testingq第12页/共15页13/16ConclusionsConclusionsqVibrations reduce void content(bubbles)qReduced void%leads to improved laminate qualityq第13页/共15页Effect of vibrations on void content in composite materialsDERFJune2008.Jelena Muric-NesicJelena Muric-NesicSupervisors:P.Compston,N.Noble,Z.StachurskiThankyou!第14页/共15页感谢您的观看！第15页/共15页