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1、高中英语语法 高考复习/学习专题讲义英语动词时态用法归纳一般现在时知识点总结一、构成由动词原形表示，第三人称单数后要加-s，be和have的有特殊人称形式。二、基本用法(1)表示现在经常性或习惯性的动作，常与often, usually , every day等时间状语连用。如：Children often dislike homework.孩子们通常都不喜欢家庭作业。He does the cooking and she does the washing.他做饭，她洗碗碟。The monitor is a person who seldom asks a boon of others.我们班
2、长是个很少请人帮忙的人。Sometimes I help my mother in the house.有时候我帮助妈妈做家务。We go for walks in the fields occasionally.我们偶尔去田野里散步。(2)表示现在的状态、特征、职业、能力或感觉等。如：He seems to feel a bit down today.他今天好像感到情绪不佳。This cloth you bought is cheap, but it wears well.你买的这种布便宜，但耐穿。He works as a driver.他以开汽车为业。He speaks English
3、well.他英语说得好。He likes skating and so does she.他喜欢滑冰她也喜欢滑冰。Now more and more city adults spend their leisure time trying to improve themselves at school or college.现在城市里越来越多的成年人利用业余时间到学校或大学去深造。What do you suppose you will do after school?你放学后想什么？(3)表示客观真理、科学事实、格言以及不受时间限制的客观存在。如：The Earth goes round th
4、e sun once a year.地球一年绕太阳一周。Knowledge begins with practice.认识从实践开始。Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成。Actions speak louder than words.行动胜于语言。The river Rhine rises inSwitzerland.莱茵河发源于瑞士。The city sits on a hill.此城坐落在一座小山上。(4)表示现在瞬间的动作。如：I send you my best wishes.我向你们表示良好的祝愿。I great apprecia
5、te your kindness.我感谢你的好意。The police dont accept her story.警方不相信她讲的事。(5)可用于动作解说、剧情介绍、新闻标题、图片说明等。如：Harper passes the ball toJennings;Jenningsshoots and the goalkeeper leaps for it but yes, its a goal.哈珀传球给詹宁斯；詹宁斯射门，守门员挡球进球。In the park, Mathilde continues to tell Jeanne her story.在公园，玛蒂尔德继续给让娜讲她的经历。三、一
6、般现在时表将来(1)在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般时表示将来时。如：When else shall we meet again, if August 1st is not convenient for you?要是八月一日对你不方便,那么另外什么时候再碰头呢?By the time he comes, I will have left.等他到时，我会已离开了。The film will have started by the time we get to the cinema我们到电影院时电影会已经开始了。Turn off the lights before you leave the
7、 classroom.离开教室前关灯。I shall go there tomorrow unless Im too busy.如果我不太忙，明天将到那儿去。You may come if you wish.假如你愿意的话，你就来。另外，在让步、比较、方式等从句也用一般现在时表示将来。如：Young as he is, he works hard.他虽年轻，但工作努力。Whatever you do, I wont tell you my secret.不管你做什么，我都不会把我的秘密告诉你。I shall go, whether you come with me or stay at hom
8、e.不论你来还是留在家中，我都要去。Mary sings better than anyone else in the class.玛丽比班上任何人唱得都好。The more you have, the more you want.你拥有越多，想得到的越多。The more difficult the questions are, the less likely I am to be able to answer them.问题越困难，我就越不可能回答。When inRomedo as the Romans do.入乡随俗。(2)少数动词如begin, come, go, leave, sta
9、rt, arrive, end, return等，用一般现在时表示按规定、时间表、计划或安排将要发生的动作。句中通常有具体的时间状语。如：Tomorrow is Sunday.明天星期天。When does the plane take off?飞机几点起飞？The train leaves at 10:30.火车十点半开。Are you on duty tonight?今晚你值班吗？The film begins at two oclock.电影两点钟开始。Where do we go now?我们现在到哪里去?(3)在I hope , I bet等后的宾语从句中及as, than引出的比较
10、状语从句中可用一般现在时表示将来意义，有时也可直接用一般将来时。如：I hope you have / will have a good trip.我希望你旅途愉快。I hope youll be better soon.我希望你能很快好起来。I bet he arrives late, he always does so.我敢肯定他得迟到，他一贯如此。I bet our team win / will win.我敢断定我们队准能获胜。Well get there as soon as you do will.你一到，我们就到。Well probably drive faster than y
11、ou do will.我们开车很可能比你快。(4)在suppose，assume，see (to it), make sure / certain，take care，be careful，mind，watch等后的宾语从句中可用一般现在时表示将来意义。如：Suppose a company has a new breakfast cereal that it wants to sell.假设有个公司想出售一种新的早餐麦片粥。I assume you always get up at the same time.我想你总是在同一个时间起床。See that the windows and do
12、ors are fastened.留心一定要把门窗关牢。When you start the engine, you must see to it that the car is in neutral.开发动机时,一定要使汽车的离合器处于空档位置。Take care that you dont drink too much.当心别喝得太多了。Please make sure that the house is locked before you leave.请你确信是锁上房间后才离开的。Be careful how you start the personal computer.要注意怎样起动
13、个人计算机。Watch what I do and how I do it.注意我的动作和方法。Mind you read the examination questions carefully before you begin to answer them.在答题前要注意仔细阅读考题。(5)在it doesnt matter, I dont care, I dont mind等后的名词性从句也通常用一般现在时表示将来意义。如：It doesnt matter if I miss this bus, I can walk.如果我错过了公共汽车不要紧，我可以步行。What does it mat
14、ter where he goes?他去哪里又有什么关系呢？I dont really care whether I win or lose the game.对这场比赛我实际上并不在乎输赢。Dont you care what happens to them?难道你不关心他们出什么事了？I dont care what people say.我不在乎别人说什么。I dont mind how you do it, as long as you get it done quickly.我不在乎你怎么做，只要你快点做好就行。(6)当主句为用将来时态时，定语从句通常可用一般现在时表将来。如：You
15、 can have anything I find.我找到的任何东西你都可以拿去。Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.任何犯法的人都将受到惩罚。Give the books to those who need them。把书给那些需要的人。They will fly toNanjing, where they plan to stay for two or three days.他们要乘飞机去南南京，他们打算在那儿呆两三天。Dont talk about such things as you dont understand.不要谈论你不懂的事情
16、。四、一般现在时表过去(1)少数动词如tell, say, hear, learn, gather等，用一般现在时表示过去发生的动作。如：Alicetells me you will leave tomorrow.艾利斯告诉我你明天离开。Mary says she is entering college next year.玛丽说她明年上大学。I hear that his son has gone toLondon.我听说他儿子到伦敦去了。I gather shes ill, and thats why she hasnt come.我推测她病了，这是她没有来的原因。I gather she
17、 won the first prize, since she came out of the hall with a crowd of reporters following her.我猜想她是得头奖了,因为她从大厅里出来时后面跟着一群记者。(2)当要陈述一个客观事实时，有时即使有过去时间状语也可用一般现在时。如：The novel is set in 17th- centurySpain.这本小说以十七世纪的西班牙为背景。The movie is set in the Anti-Japanese war.这部电影以抗日战争为背景。The story begins in the year 1937.故事开始于1937年。学科网（北京）股份有限公司