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1、九年级中考英语语法知识梳理形容词的比较级和最高级形容词的比较级和最高级形容词的三级英语中绝大多数形容词有三种形式，分别是形容词原级，形容词比较级和最高级，以表示形容词说明的性质在程度上的不同。1.形容词比较级和最高级的构成形容词的比较级和最高级形式是在形容词原级的基础上变化的。分规则变化和不规则变化两种情况。（1）规则变化的形容词比较级和最高级的变化规则：单音节形容词的比较级和最高级在词尾加-er和-est构成。如：great （原级）greater（比较级）greatest（最高级）long （原级）longer （比较级）longest（最高级）以-e结尾的单音节形容词的比较级和最高级只在
2、词尾加-r和-st构成。如：wide （原级）wider （比较级）widest （最高级）nice （原级）nicer（比较级）nicest（最高级）以-y结尾，但-y前是辅音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级，变y为i再加-er和-est构成。如：happy （原级）happier （比较级）happiest （最高级）angry （原级）angrier （比较级）angriest（最高级）以辅音字母结尾，其前只有一个元音字母的形容词的比较级和最高级，双写该辅音字母，然后再加-er和-est构成。如：big （原级）bigger （比较级）biggest （最高级）thin （原级）thinne
3、r （比较级）thinnest （最高级）多音节和部分双音节形容词的比较级和最高级在词前加more和most构成。如：beautiful （原级）more beautiful （比较级）most beautiful （最高级）difficult （原级）more difficult （比较级）most difficult （最高级）（2）不规则变化的形容词比较级和最高级注意：部分形容词前加less和least构成比较级和最高级，表示“较不”和“最不”。如：important 重要的；less important 较不重要的；least important 最不重要的tired（累的）比较级是：
4、more tired 更累的；最高级是：most tired 最累的部分双音节的形容词的比较级和最高级用词尾加-er，-est和词前加more，most皆可。它们是：often，friendly，clever，simple，polite，handsome，common，gentle等。2.形容词原级、比较级和最高级的用法（1）没有比较形容词用原级。如：This room is big.这个房间很大。The garden looks beautiful.那个花园看上去很美。（2）两者之间进行比较用比较级。其结构形式为：主语+谓语（系动词）+形容词比较级+than+对比成分。如：Our teach
5、er is taller than we are.我们老师比我们的个子高。This picture is more beautiful than that one.这张照片比那张照片漂亮。This meeting is less important than that one.这次会议不如那次会议重要。The sun is much bigger than the moon.太阳比月亮大得多。Which is cheaper，this one or that one？哪一个比较便宜，这个还是那个？（3）三者或三者以上进行比较用最高级。其结构形式为：主语+谓语（系动词）+the+形容词最高级+名
6、词+表示范围的短语或从句。如：She is the best student in her class.她是班上最好的学生。Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China.上海是中国最大城市之一。This is the biggest apple I have ever met.这是我见到的最大的苹果。Which is the most difficult，Chinese，math or English？语文、数学和英语哪一科最难？注意：句子中有than用比较级，有of，in短语表示比较的范围用最高级。如：It is warmer today th
7、an it was yesterday.今天的天气比昨天暖和。Tom is the tallest boy in his basketball team.汤姆是他们篮球队中个子最高的男孩。3.形容词比较级和最高级的9组常考句型（1）as .as .和一样English is as important as math.英语和数学一样重要。This coat is as cheap as that one.这件衣服同那件衣服一样便宜。（2）not as（so）.as .和不一样；不如This TV show is not as （so）interesting as that one.这个电视节目不
8、如那个有趣。注意：as .as .，not as （so）.as .中间要用形容词原级。（3）比较级+and+比较级，表示“越来越”When spring comes，days are getting longer and longer.春天到来，白天变得越来越长。Our city is becoming more and more beautiful.我们的城市变得越来越美丽了。注意：在“比较级+and+比较级”句型中，由“more+多音节形容词”构成的比较级要用more and more+多音节形容词。（4）the+比较级，the+比较级，表示“越，就越”The more you eat，
9、the fatter you will be.你吃得越多就会越胖。The more you study，the more you know.你学得越多，就知道得越多。（5）less+原级+than，表示“不如”This book is less difficult than that one.这本书没那本书难。The movie is less interesting than that one.这部电影不如那部电影有趣。（6）least+原级+of（in）短语，表示“最不”This is the least useful of the four books.四本书中这本最没用。（7）the+
10、比较级+of the two，表示“两者中较”。He is the taller of the two.他是两者中比较高的。Who is the older of the two？他们两个谁年龄较大？（8）比较级+than any other+单数名词，表示最高级意义。Mike is more intelligent than any other student in his class.（=Mike is the most intelligent in his class.）迈克比他班上任何一个人都聪明。（9）one of+最高级+复数名词，表示“最之一”He is one of the b
11、est students in our class.他是我们班最好的学生之一。形容词常考的6个比较级词组1.more than意为“多于，超过”，后接数词，等于over。Ive known him for more than 20 years.我认识他二十多年了。2.less than意为“不到，少于”，后接数量意义的词，表示量化。Its less than one mile to the station.去车站不到一英里。3.sooner or later意为“迟早，早晚”，表示时间，用作状语。You should tell her about it.Shell find out soone
12、r or later.你应当把这件事告诉她，她迟早会发觉的。4.no more than意为“只有，仅仅，只不过”，等于only。This test takes no more than thirty minutes.这个测验只需要三十分钟。5.not more than意为“不超过，至多”，等于at the most。Not more than ten guests came to her birthday party.来参加他生日聚会的客人不超过十人。6.whats more意为“而且，此外，更有甚者”，常用作插入语。He came home after midnight，and what
13、s more，he was drunk.他半夜以后才回家，而且还喝醉了。形容词常用的4个易混句型1.“Its+adj.+of+sb.+动词不定式短语”，表示“某人做某事怎么样”。Its very kind of you to help me.（=You are very kind to help me.）你能帮助我，真好。Its very rude of her to say such words.（=She is very rude to say such words.）她说这样的话，真粗鲁。Its foolish of him to go alone.（=He is foolish to
14、go alone.）他单独出去太傻了。注意：这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词，如good（好的），kind（友善的），nice（友好的），polite（有礼貌的），clever（聪明的），foolish（愚蠢的），lazy（懒惰的），careful（细心的），careless（粗心的），right（正确的），wrong（错误的）等。2.“Its+adj.+for+sb.+动词不定式短语”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。Its not easy for them to learn a foreign language.（=To learn a foreign language is
15、not easy for them.）对于他们来说学好一门外语不容易。Its very important for students to listen to teachers carefully.（=To listen to teachers carefully is very important for students.）对于学生来说上课认真听老师讲课是非常重要的。Its necessary for us to get to school on time.（=To get to school on time is necessary for us.）对于我们来说按时到校是非常必要的。注意
16、：这一句型中常用的形容词有important（重要的），necessary（必要的），difficult（困难的），easy（容易的），hard（艰难的），dangerous（危险的），safe（安全的），useful（有益的），pleasant（舒适的），interesting（有趣的），impossible（不可能的）等。3.“主语+be+形容词+to do sth.”句型（一）。表示感情或情绪的形容词，如glad （高兴的），pleased （高兴的），sad （忧伤的），thankful （感激的）等后常接动词不定式。如：Glad to see you.见到你非常高兴。Im very
17、sad to hear the bad news.听到这个坏消息，我非常难过。4.“主语+be+形容词+to do sth.”句型（二）。表示能力和意志的形容词，如ready （乐意的，有准备的），able （有能力的），sure （一定），certain （一定）等后面常接动词不定式。如：Lei Feng was always ready to help others.雷锋总是乐于助人。He is sure to get to school on time.他一定会按时到校。【习题速递】1. This temple is one of _ buildings in the town.We m
18、ust take action to protect it.A.old B.olderC.oldest D.the oldest2. Peter is 15 years old.He is _ than his father.A.tall B.tallerC.tallest D.the tallest3. We should go to school by bus instead of by car. Yeah，_ cars we use，_ pollution there will be.A.fewer，less B.less，fewerC.the less，the fewer D.the
19、fewer，the less4. Jimmy is growing fast.He is _ taller than his mother.A.far B.quite C.very5. No mountain in the world is as _ as Qomolangma.A.high B.higher C.highest6. Who will you ask to help with the work，Lucy or Lily？ Lily.She is much _.A.careful B.more careful C.most careful【答案点拨】1.答案：D 句意：这座庙宇是
20、这个城镇上最古老的建筑之一，我们必须采取行动保护它。“one of后的形容词用最高级，故选D。2.答案：B 句意：彼得15岁。他比他父亲个子高。由than 可知用形容词比较级。故选B。3.答案：D 句意：“我们上学应该坐公交而不是坐小汽车。”“是的。小汽车用的越少，污染就越少。”“the+比较级，the+比较级”，“表示越，就越”；few修饰可数名词，little修饰不可数名词，cars是复数名词，用few的比较级fewer；pollution不可数名词，用little的比较级less修饰。故选D。4.答案：A 句意：吉米长得很快。他比他的妈妈高很多。far修饰比较级，quite和very修饰
21、原级；由比较级taller可知选A。5.答案：A 句意；世界上没有一座山和珠穆朗玛峰一样高。as .as意为“和一样”，as .as中间用形容词原级，故选A。6.答案：B 句意：“你会请谁来帮你做这项工作，Lucy还是Lily？”“Lily，她更细心。”由句中much可知用形容词比较级，故选B。【语法专练 体验中考】1. I hope my school life of senior high will be _ than that of junior high.A.more exciting B.very excitingC.as exciting as D.the most excitin
22、g2.The _ kids learn to be independent，the _ it is for their future.A.early；good B.early；betterC.earlier；better D.earlier；good3. Have you seen the movie Zootopia ？ Of course.I think its _ cartoon I have ever seen.A.funny B.the funnier C. the funniest D. funniestXi Jinping，our _ president，paid a visit
23、 to Harbin last month.How encouraging！A.63 years old B.63 years old C.63-year-old5.Bob is one of _ boys in Class 1，Grade 9.A.clever B.clevererC.the most clever D.the cleverest6._ you speak，_ your English will be.A.The less，the more B.The more，the betterC.The less，the better D.The more，the less7. You
24、r father never shops online.Whys that？ He says theyre much _ but the products are not really good.A.nicer B.cheap C.nice D.cheaper8. A journey by train is _ than by coach.A.more relaxing B.relaxingC.most relaxing D.the most relaxing9.As we know，the Yangtze River is one of _ rivers in the world.A.lon
25、g B.longer C.longest D.the longest10. Lily has two sisters，doesnt she？ Yes.Shes taller and older than her two sisters，but shes not _ one of the three.A.the tallest B.youngest C.shortest D.the cleverest11.I didnt do very well in this exam.Unluckily，he did it _.A.worse B.badly C.better D.worst Among t
26、he four seas off the coast of China，East China Sea is the second _.A.deep B.deeper C.deepest D.the deepest13. Li Huas shoes are as _ as Zhang Huis.A.cheap B.cheaper C.the cheapest14. “Food Safety” problem is becoming _ these days. I think so.The government must do something to deal with it.A.smaller and smaller B.worse and worseC.better and better D.nicer and nicer15. The earlier kids learn to be independent，the _ it is for their future.A.good B.well C.better D.best【答案速递】1.A 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.B 7.D 8.A 9.D 10.D 11.A 12.C 13.A 14.B 15.C学科网（北京）股份有限公司