《2023年上海市部分区高三上学期高考一模英语试卷汇编：概要写作专题.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《2023年上海市部分区高三上学期高考一模英语试卷汇编：概要写作专题.pdf（10页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、上海市部分区 2022-2023 学年高三一模英语解析版试卷分类汇编 概要写作专题 2023 届上海市闵行区高三一模英语试题 九、概要写作 71Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than 60 words.Use your own words as far as possible.Is Leather Good or Not?For thousands of years,humans have used leat
2、her to make everything from clothing to furniture to footwear.The skin of animals is a material that is strong,hard-wearing and flexible.These qualities make leather a popular material for many different products,but more people are becoming concerned about the potential harm caused by items they bu
3、y.Should we respect ancient traditions or is having real leather not as important as it used to be?The treatment of animals raised for their skins is a massive issue.According to the Food and Agriculture Organisation(FAO),more than 2.29 billion cows,pigs and goats are killed each year for their hide
4、s.This does not include the animal skin of fancier leather products,such as sheep,crocodiles,kangaroos and lizards.Theres also an environmental problem.Producing leather is a very polluting process,because it requires treating the skins with chemicals.During the procedure,called tanning,chemicals ch
5、ange the fibres(纤维)inside the leather,making it tougher.A tanning facility uses more than 60,000 litres of water for every tonne of leather produced.It uses huge amounts of poisonous chemicals,including substances containing heavy metals such as chromium,which when washed out ends up in nearby soil
6、and drinking water that people use.However,the making of leather is not entirely negative.Selling animal skin is a key source of income for remote populations such as the Inuit people in Canada.Every day,cows,pigs and goats are killed for their meat to be sold in supermarkets.Its respectful not to w
7、aste anything,and without leather their skins would have to be buried or burned.Although there are alternatives to leather,some of these fabrics are only 85%to 90%biodegradable(可生物降解的).Vegan leather can be made from plastics which take years to biodegrade,so its actually worse for the planet._ 2023
8、届上海市杨浦区高三上学期一模英语试题 71 Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than 60 words.Use your own words as far as possible.Should Hand Feeding Dolphins Be Encouraged?Some tourist centers train Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins to approach be
9、achside public sighting areas or boats by hand-feeding them small amounts of fish every day.Because hand-fed males aggressively attack each other over the food,putting themselves and nearby humans in danger,tourist centers focus their hand feeding only on female dolphins,says Valerie Senigaglia at M
10、urdoch University in Perth,Australia But recent studies have shown that only 38%of the calves(崽)of hand-fed wild dolphins survive to three years of age,which is much lower than the average 77%survival rate for wild calves in general.To better understand why,Senigaglia and her colleagues evaluated th
11、e social behavior of dolphins around the Bunbury coast in Western Australia.In particular,they observed the individual behavior and movement of 35 dolphins,including 13 that had been hand-fed using a small boat.They regularly followed each dolphin for periods lasting from 20 minutes to 3 hours for t
12、wo years in a row for a total of 180 hours.They found that hand-fed dolphins swam in relatively large groups,but more readily broke away from them to join different ones.In general,they created weak ties with other group members.“You can feel lonely in a room full of people and its the same thing fo
13、r dolphins,”says Senigaglia.Free-swimming dolphins that are fed by hand become less socially involved with their peers.As a result,their calves may grow up lacking vital social skills-which could explain,at least in part,why they are twice as likely to die before reaching adulthood as wild calves ge
14、nerally.No wonder animal right activists are calling on the practice of hand-feeding dolphins to be stopped._ 2023 届上海市长宁区高三上学期教学质量调研（一模）英语试题 六、概要写作 51Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated.Use your own words as
15、 far as possible.Men may eat more in summer Winter may be seen as the time to fill up with food,but in fact,sunny summer months are when men eat more caloriesunlike women.The effect seems to occur because sunlight makes the skin release an appetite-stimulating hormone(激素),says Carmit Levy at Tel Avi
16、v University in Israel.Levy and her colleagues noticed the effect in experiments in mice,in which male animals exposed to UV light(紫外线)ate more food.To see if humans do the same,the team used data on about 3000 people who had filled in questionnaires as part of the Israeli governments national healt
17、h and nutrition survey.Between March and September,the men consumed about 17 per cent more calories per day than they did during the rest of the year,while the womens food intake stayed about the same.Human appetite is influenced by many complex systems,but a substance called ghrelin,a hormone produ
18、ced in the body that stimulates appetite,seems to be the only hormone that directly stimulates eating.It was thought to be mainly produced by the stomach when empty.“It tells the brain to eat more,”says Caroline Gorvin at the University of Birmingham,UK.Further investigation revealed that exposing m
19、ale mice to UVB(紫外线 B 段波)radiation,which is present in sunlight,raised levels of ghrelin production by fat cells in their skin.This was blocked by the female sex hormone,which may explain why the effect wasnt seen in the female mice or the women.Boosted ghrelin production was also seen in mens skin
20、samples that were exposed to UV light in the lab.Skin hasnt previously been thought to play a role in appetite,says Gorvin.The reason for the effect is unclear,but it may be an adaptive response to fuel greater physical activity in summer,says Levy._ 2023 届上海市青浦区高三上学期期末（一模）英语试卷 IV.Summary Writing 51
21、.Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than 60 words.Use your own words as far as possible.Want to join the online fitness program?Online training is one of the fastest growing section of the fitness industry.A 2015 study found t
22、hat more than half of all smartphone users had downloaded a fitness or health app.If youre considering joining the online fitness community,consider these benefits and drawbacks.There are many reasons that online training may work for you.As long as you have access to pre-downloaded videos or a WiFi
23、 connection for streaming videos,you can work out wherever you are.Besides,compared with similar offline programs,most online fitness programs range in cost between$10 and$20 per month.This is due in part to the wider audience and the greater opportunity to sell programs to more people.All this grow
24、th is incredibly positive it provides health and fitness resources to the general consumer wherever they happen to be,without requiring access to a gym or fitness studio.But its not without problems.The first thing to think about when considering an online fitness program is“know yourself.”If you st
25、ruggle with self-motivation,you dont like exercising at home,and you prefer a social workout environment,online fitness may not be for you.Not to mention the fact that very few online fitness programs enable the instructor to see you,check your form,and offer modifications or corrections based on yo
26、ur performance.This means you might perform exercises incorrectly,or even unsafely,without knowing it,which is particularly concerning for beginners and those recovering from injuries,as theyre more likely to perform exercises incorrectly.Therefore,like any training format,there are pros and cons to
27、 consider when deciding if it is right for you.Take time and make the most suitable decision to reap more benefits._ 2023 届上海市普陀区高三上学期一模英语试卷 六、概要写作 51 Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more than 60 words.Use your own words as far
28、as possible.Graduates Turn to Teaching China has witnessed a 66-fold increase in the number of applicants for teaching qualification tests over the past decade,and experts say the popularity has mainly been driven by more graduates chasing stable jobs.According to the latest figures from the Ministr
29、y of Education,the number of applicants for teaching exams each year has grown from 172,000 to 11.44 million in the past decade.Experts said the sharp increase corresponds with the increase in teachers salaries and status within society,and it is expected to bring about an overall improvement in qua
30、lity teaching.However,another big reason for the enthusiasm for teaching posts is that the challenging and complicated employment situation is driving graduates toward stable jobs such as working as teachers and government officials.Chu Zhaohui,a senior researcher at the National Institute of Educat
31、ion Sciences,said the popularity of teaching posts is closely associated with peoples changing perception of the economic situation,job stability and security,which are major concerns for graduates.In view of the coronavirus epidemic in recent years,many college graduates just want a stable job,so t
32、eaching suddenly becomes a very popular profession,and many students from well-known universities have joined the competition.Of course,everyone has their own ideas.Take Wang Lin for example.Wang Lin,who graduated from a famous university,said she had wanted to be a history teacher since middle scho
33、ol,inspired by her own history teacher.She added she had a good impression of her teachers from an early age and was grateful to those who had taught her.In fact,there are many such cases.While passing the teaching qualification test is the first step to becoming a teacher in China,landing a post at
34、 schools in big cities can be very competitive._ 参考答案 2023 届上海市闵行区高三一模英语试题 71People have used leather for various purposes for its unique qualities but concern about its potential harm and continuous employment is rising.Slaughter for animals skins on a large scale and the environmental problem caus
35、ed by chemicals involved in the processing course are main issues.While,as a source of income for some people and with good biodegradability compared with alternatives,leather use is also positive.【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述了由于皮革的独特品质，人们将其用于各种用途，但对其潜在危害和持续使用的担忧日益增加。一些人认为与替代品相比，皮革具有良好的生物降解性，使用皮革也是积极的。【详解】1 要点摘录
36、For thousands of years,humans have used leather to make everything from clothing to furniture to footwear.but more people are becoming concerned about the potential harm caused by items they buy.The treatment of animals raised for their skins is a massive issue.This does not include the animal skin
37、of fancier leather products,such as sheep,crocodiles,kangaroos and lizards.Theres also an environmental problem.The making of leather is not entirely negative.Selling animal skin is a key source of income for remote populations such as the Inuit people in Canada.Although there are alternatives to le
38、ather,some of these fabrics are only 85%to 90%biodegradable(可生物降解的)2.缜密构思 将第 1，2 个要点进行整合，将第 3、4、5 三个要点进行整合，将第 6，7，8 个要点进行整合。3.遣词造句 Humans have used leather to make everything but care about its potential harm and continuous employment is rising.The treatment of animals raised for their skins and the
39、 environmental problem are massive issues.The making of leather is not entirely negative because it is a source of income for some people and with good biodegradability compared with alternatives.【点睛】高分句型 1 Slaughter for animals skins on a large scale and the environmental problem caused by chemical
40、s involved in the processing course are main issues.(运用非谓语动词对原文第二、三段进行了概括。)高分句型 2 While,as a source of income for some people and with good biodegradability compared with alternatives,leather use is also positive.(用with复合结构作状语对最后一段进行了概括，表达非常高级。)2023 届上海市杨浦区高三上学期一模英语试题 71Reference Hand-feeding dolphi
41、ns is practised at some tourist centers.However,studies have found it leads to greater risk of their calves premature death.By following the dolphins behavior for two years,researchers concluded it was because hand-feeding made dolphins have weaker social ties,causing their calves to lack social ski
42、lls.Therefore,animal activists are appealing for a ban on the practice.(60)Dolphins are hand-fed in some tourist centers,However,studies show the survival rate of hand-fed dolphins calves is half that of wild dolphins calves.By observing their social behaviors,researchers find hand-fed dolphins weak
43、 social ties lead to their calves lack of social skills,which partly explain their greater possibility of death.Therefore,hand feeding dolphins should be discouraged.(60 words)【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论是否应该人工喂养海豚的问题。研究发现，人工喂养增加小海豚过早死亡的风险。通过对海豚的行为进行两年的跟踪，研究人员得出结论，这是因为人工喂养使海豚的社会关系变弱，导致它们的幼崽缺乏社交技能。因此，动物保护主义者呼吁禁
44、止这种做法。【详解】1.要点摘录 Some tourist centers train Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins to approach beachside public sighting areas or boats by hand-feeding them small amounts of fish every day.But recent studies have shown that only 38%of the calves(崽)of hand-fed wild dolphins survive to three years of age,wh
45、ich is much lower than the average 77%survival rate for wild calves in general.In particular,they observed the individual behavior and movement of 35 dolphins,including 13 that had been hand-fed using a small boat.They regularly followed each dolphin for periods lasting from 20 minutes to 3 hours fo
46、r two years in a row for a total of 180 hours.As a result,their calves may grow up lacking vital social skills-which could explain,at least in part,why they are twice as likely to die before reaching adulthood as wild calves generally.No wonder animal right activists are calling on the practice of h
47、and-feeding dolphins to be stopped.2.缜密构思 将第 1、2、5 三个要点进行重组，将第 3、4 两个要点进行整合。3.遣词造句 Hand-feeding dolphins is practised at some tourist centers.However,studies have found it leads to greater risk of their calves premature death.By following the dolphins behavior for two years,researchers concluded it
48、was because hand-feeding made dolphins have weaker social ties,causing their calves to lack social skills.Animal activists are appealing for a ban on the practice.【点睛】高分句型 1However,studies have found it leads to greater risk of their calves premature death.（运用了省略了 that 的宾语从句）高分句型 2：By following the
49、dolphins behavior for two years,researchers concluded it was because hand-feeding made dolphins have weaker social ties,causing their calves to lack social skills.（运用了动名词作宾语，省略了 that 的宾语从句，because 引导的表语从句，现在分词作状语）2023 届上海市长宁区高三上学期教学质量调研（一模）英语试题 51During sunny summer months,males eat more,according t
50、o a governments survey.Maybe sunlight makes the skin release an appetite-stimulating hormone,called ghrelin which could directly stimulates eating.Further investigation even found that ghrelin production increased sharply in male mice and men exposed to UVB radiation.Possibly,it is to adjust to grea