《情态动词助记表.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《情态动词助记表.pdf（2页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、情态动词情态动词常见情态动词有：can,could,may,might,must,have to,will,would,shall,should,ought to,need,dareused to,be able to,had to,would rather.一、助记忆表情态 Vcancould词义&用法1.表具备某种能力注意事项特殊用法（1）表惊异、怀疑、不相信、不耐烦等。（此意常用于否定句、疑问句或惊叹句语气）Can/Could this be true?（2）can nottooenough 表示无论怎样也不过分,越越好：You cant be too careful.（1）may/mi
2、ght well+V 原形：表完全可能,，很可能=be very likely to:He maywell be proud for his son.（2）may/might as well+V原形：最好，满可以，倒不如You may as well stay here over night.maymightCan 表现在能力；Could 表示过去能力.可用 be able to 代替；was/were able to to表示成功成功做了某事2.表请求和允许允许请求用 could 语气委婉允许不用 could.3.表“可能性”cancan 用于否定和疑问句用于否定和疑问句(could 不限)
3、can(be)表 示 有 时 候 会（常 与sometimes,at times 连用）1.表请求和允许允许请求用 might 语气更委婉。允许时用 may，表示“可以”（表示允许时不用 might）。2.表可能性“也许”此意常用于肯定句常用于肯定句。（might 可能最小）3 表祝愿固定句型为“May+主语+V 原型”：May you succeed!must 多表主观、主观、现在/将来义务;have to 多表客观、客观、过去义务mustnt 表禁止；否定用 neednt/dont have to只用于肯定句只用于肯定句。在否定句/疑问句中用can/couldWould此时为 will 过
4、去式，无意义差别（1）表示必然结果必然结果：All men must die.人固有一死。（2）表示一种与说话人愿望相反、不耐烦的感情色彩，可译为“一定要、一定要、偏偏、偏偏、非要非要”：2.表推测：“肯定If you must know,her name is Mary.是、准是”will1.表意愿,决心等（1）will 表命令命令（说话者确定命令一定would2.表经常性，习惯Would 表过去反复的动作/某种倾向(相会得到执行）或允诺：You will report to性，倾向性，对于 used to 无“现已无此习惯”之义。)meafterwards.(命 令)Theywillget
5、3.表功能，性质叙述真理：The tree will leave withoutenough money from me.(允诺)（2）可用于祈使句附加疑问句用于祈使句附加疑问句(反义疑反义疑water for 3 months.(此时would比will委婉)Dont go4.表估计：“想必，此意表对目前事物的预料。That will be问句问句)：大概”（只时态区the postman ringing.(would 表示过去/现now,will you?（3）woul 短语：would rather/would别）在；will 表示现在/将来)prefer 宁愿；would like/w
6、ould love喜欢/5.表“请求/要求”此意用于疑问句用于疑问句，常与 you 连用想要（见注意）（Will you？）Will you give me a piece of paper?shall1.表征求意见（“好用在第一、三人称Shall the reporters wait点 2 其他示例：（shant）不好”）outside or what?He shall have the book when I finishreading.(允诺)2.表允诺、威胁、用于第二、第三人称（警警告、命令或根据Passengers shall not talk with the driverYou
7、shall fail if you dont work harder.告）规定有义务做while the bus is movingYou shall come at once.（命令）3.表规章、法令、用于所有人称预言：“必须”Every competitor shall wear a numbershould1.表示道义上的责有时表示劝告：You ought to/should pay（1）should 用于疑问句中用于疑问句中表示说话人ought to任，义务或要求，more attention to what your lawyer says.对某事不能理解，惋惜，感到意外，赞叹，愤怒
8、、惊异等感情，意为“竟会”，2.表示推测和可能肯定的语气没有 must 用于推测时强有时也用于陈述句中有时也用于陈述句中性，是“(按理说)This pen ought to/should be yours.（2）Should 还可以用在用在 if if 引导的条件引导的条件应该”之意从句从句，表示一件事听起来可能性很小，3.表示说话人的一此意常用于第一人称时：相当于“万一”种谦逊，客气，委You are mistaken,I should say.(依我但也不是完全没有可能，的意思。（见注意）婉的语气看你是搞错了)must1.表“必须”注意：表“宁愿做某事”有以下句式,常考句式要熟记。1.wo
9、uld rather do sth(than do sth)或 would do sth rather than do sth 表现在和将来的愿望；would rather have done 表示过去的愿望-How was the party last night?-I would rather not have been to the party.-Would you like to go out now?-I would rather go to the class.2.would rather sb did sth表对现在将来虚拟；would rather sb had done表对过
10、去的虚拟Id rather he didnt go now.I would rather you had been here yesterday.3.would prefer“宁可，更喜欢”，would 常省略，常用结构为：（后跟从句用虚拟，同would rather 后跟从句用虚拟方法）（would）prefer to do sth(rather than do sth)（would）prefer doing sth than doing sth从句谓语由 should 加动词原形构成，主句谓语却不一定用虚拟语气Ask her to ring me up if you should see
11、her(你万一见到她，请让她给我打个电话)If you should change your mind,please let us know.（万一你改变主意，请通知我们）二二needneed 和和 daredare 的用法的用法1、作为情态动词，一般只用于否定句和疑问句中。You neednt try to explain.Need we stay here this evening?Dare he swim across the river?He dare not come to see me.2、Need 作为实意动词可用在各种句型中。She needs to come tomorrow
12、.You dont need any help from others.Do they need this?Do you dare to ask her?你敢问她吗？He didnt dare to go.他不敢去。三情态动词+have 结构1.表推测（对已经过去的情况的推测，用“情态动词have+done”结构：）must have done 过去一定已经（只用于肯定句中）cant/couldnt have done过去不可能-（用于否定句中）Can/Could have done?过去可能？（用于疑问句中）may/might have done可能已经-2.虚拟：对过去事情进行假设 nee
13、dnt have done 本来不必做-could have done 那时本来可以（在肯定句中，不可用can)should have done 本来应该做-（实际未做;偶尔表示“按理说应该做了”shouldnt have done 本不应该做-（实际做了）would have done 本不会/愿做-（实际做了）例：He must have gone to Shanghai.他肯定去了上海。The money cant have been lost there.钱不可能是在那儿丢的。He may have gone to bed.他可能已经上床睡觉了。She might not have s
14、ettled the problem.她可能尚未解决那个问题。We could have solved the problem in another way.You should have come here ten minutes earlier.She should/ought to have gone there alone.四解题思路总结（1）能力：can（现在、将来）could（过去）（2）请求：can/could；may/might；will you（3）可能性（推测）：can(否定、疑问)；could（不限句型“有可能”）；may（肯定句“也许”）；must（肯定句“肯定”）“按
15、理说”“（出于某种原因）应该”：should（没有 must 那么肯定）“想必，大概”：will（表示现在和将来）would（表示过去和现在）（4）允许、许可：can；may（“可以”）五易混辨析1.must“必须”-疑问 must；否定 neednt/dont have to“推测”-疑问 can/could；否定 cannot/couldnt2.dare/need情态动词-肯定 dare/need do-疑问Dare/need.do?-否定 dare/need not do实义动词-肯定 dare/need to do-疑问 Do.dare/need to do-否定 dont dare/need to do