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1、 单单项项填填空空是是高高考考英英语语试试卷卷的的第第一一道道题题,如如果果能能轻轻松松拿拿下下,就就能能带带着着一一份份明明快快的的心心情情向向后后面面的的试试题题进进发发;如如果果在在此此卡卡壳壳了了,将将直直接接影影响响后后面面的的发挥。所以,精心备考单项填空十分重要。发挥。所以,精心备考单项填空十分重要。但但近近年年来来,高高考考英英语语对对学学生生的的语语言言理理解解及及运运用用能能力力要要求求日日益益提提高高,单单项项填填空空中中,经经常常出出现现一一些些综综合合性性较较强强的的陷陷阱阱题题。如如何何跳跳出出这这些些陷陷阱阱题题呢呢?首首先先我我们们要要弄弄清清命命题题者者是是如如
2、何何设设计计陷陷阱阱的的,然然后后才才能有力地能有力地“还击还击”。【陷阱一陷阱一】利用定势思维,设置利用定势思维,设置“陷阱陷阱”。【应应对对策策略略】夯夯实实基基础础,记记住住要要点点,结结合合语语境境,识破识破“陷阱陷阱”,理清题意。,理清题意。例例1.I couldnt help _ that day for I was too busy.A.sweeping the floor B.to sweep the floor C.swept the floor D.to sweeping the floor【解解析析】此此题题并并不不是是couldnt help doing(情情不不自自禁
3、禁)的运用,而是对的运用,而是对help(to)do的考查,故选的考查,故选B。【陷阱二陷阱二】拆散短语,模糊视线。拆散短语,模糊视线。【应对策略应对策略】分解成相应的简单句。分解成相应的简单句。例例2.What great difficulty we had _ her!A.persuade B.to persuade C.persuading D.persuaded【解解 析析】本本 题题 可可 理理 解解 为为 We had great difficulty _ her.考考查查“have difficulty in doing”,所以选,所以选C。【陷阱三陷阱三】巧设标点符号,设置巧设
4、标点符号,设置“陷阱陷阱”。【应对策略应对策略】识破玄机,看清句逗。识破玄机,看清句逗。例例3._ is reported in the newspaper,the United States uses twice as much energy as the whole of Europe.AIt BAs CWhat DThat例例4._,we had to go home on foot.A.There were no buses B.There to be no buses C.There being no buses DThere been no buses【解解析析】例例3中中有有逗逗
5、号号,所所以以此此句句逗逗号号前前应应为为状状语语,故故选选B,若若此此句句中中逗逗号号换换为为that,答答案案则则为为It。例例4中中有有逗逗号号相相隔隔,独独立立结结构构表表原原因因,选选C,若逗号换为句号,答案则是,若逗号换为句号,答案则是A。【陷阱四陷阱四】句式混淆,设置干扰选项。句式混淆,设置干扰选项。【应应对对策策略略】明明辨辨是是非非,记记清清句句型型或或结结构构。例例5.Do you know our town at all?No,this is the first time I _ here.A.came B.could come C.have come D.might c
6、ome例例6.There seems to _ a person in the distance.A.have B.being C.be D.was【解解析析】例例5中中,考考查查Its the first time that现现在在完完成成时时态态,选选C。但但在在选选项项中中设设置置了了干干扰扰项项A,容容易易唤唤起起考考生生对对“Its time that过过去去式式”的的记记忆忆,增增加加了了解解题题的的难难度度。例例6意意为为“远远方方似似乎乎有有一一个个人人。”“有有:have,there be”,易易出出错错。此此题题实实际际上上在在考考查查“there be”的句型,的句型,答
7、案为答案为C。【陷阱五陷阱五】比较级的形式却非比较级的意思。比较级的形式却非比较级的意思。【应应对对策策略略】抓抓住住语语境境,弄弄清清题题目目中中的的隐隐含含意意义义。例例7.He had never spent a _ day.Amore worry Bmost worrying Cmore worrying Dmost worried【解解析析】这这类类题题目目中中通通常常会会出出现现 never,not 或或doubt,其其后后跟跟“a 比比较较级级”,用用比比较较级级形形式式表最高级意思。因此,答案选表最高级意思。因此,答案选C。【陷阱六陷阱六】考查时态却没有时间状语。考查时态却没有
8、时间状语。【应应对对策策略略】把把握握隐隐含含的的时时态态,根根据据语语境境推推出出实际的时态。实际的时态。例例8.I can see you were in a hurry.You _ your sweater inside out.A.are wearing B.were wearing C.had worn D.wore例例9.Lets see if the football game has started yet.Started?It must be clear which team _ by now.A.is winning B.wins C.had won D.would win
9、【解解析析】例例8中中,可可进进行行这这样样的的推推理理:穿穿衣衣时时很很匆匆忙忙,所所以以现现在在衣衣服服穿穿反反了了。因因而而时时态态应应该该是是现现在在进进行行时时,选选A。例例9中中,根根据据答答语语可可知知,比比赛赛已已经经进进行行到到能能预预料料胜胜负负的的时时刻刻了了,所所以以选选A,“be ing”表示即将发生。表示即将发生。【陷陷阱阱七七】强强调调句句型型考考法法不不断断创创新新,增增加加难难度度。【应应对对策策略略】理理解解并并记记住住强强调调句句型型的的多多种种形形式式,看准其基本标志。看准其基本标志。例例10._ is it _ has made Peter _ he
10、is today?A.What;that;that B.That;that;what C.What;what;that D.What;that;what例例11.Ive already forgotten _ you put the dictionary.A.that it was there B.where was it C.that where it was D.where it was that例例12.It was in the small house _ was built with stones by his father _ he spent his childhood.A.wh
11、ich;that B.that;where C.which;which D.that;which【解解析析】(1)强强调调句句型型可可能能会会在在一一般般疑疑问问句句、特特殊殊疑疑问问句句和和含含名名词词性性从从句句或或定定语语从从句句的的句句子子中中考考查查,因因此此有有必必要要记记住住相相应应的的形形式式。如如一一般般疑疑问问 句句 形形 式式 “Is/Was it 被被 强强 调调 部部 分分 that/who”,特特殊殊疑疑问问句句形形式式“特特殊殊疑疑问问词词is/wasthat/who?”例例10对对照照相相应应的的句句式很容易选出答案式很容易选出答案D。(2)例例11把把强强调调
12、句句型型和和名名词词性性从从句句相相结结合合,把把强强调调句句型型的的特特殊殊疑疑问问句句形形式式作作forgotten的的宾宾语语从从句句,因因而而选选陈陈述述语语序序D。例例12中中,强强调调句句型和定语从句相结合,强调部分含一个定语从型和定语从句相结合,强调部分含一个定语从句句,这这样样就就使使整整个个句句子子变变得得很很复复杂杂。此此时时,应应特特别别注注意意搞搞清清强强调调句句型型的的标标志志“It is/was that/who”,不不要要混混淆淆定定语语从从句句中中的的关关系系词词that/who和和强强调调句句型型中中的的that/who,本本题题答案选答案选A。总总之之,高高考考单单项项填填空空题题有有20个个小小题题,考考查查内内容容涉涉及及面面广广,并并突突出出了了综综合合性性和和语语境境化化的的特特点点。解解题题时时,应应结结合合语语境境,灵灵活活使使用用语语法法、词词汇汇知知识识,透透过过现现象象看看本本质质,排排除除干干扰扰项项,这这样样才能从容不迫,笑傲考场。才能从容不迫,笑傲考场。