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1、1第六部分第六部分 考前回顾考前回顾附录附录 1 1 五年高考阅读理解障碍词汇五年高考阅读理解障碍词汇( (熟词生义熟词生义) )新课程标准和普通高等学校招生全国统一考试说明中的词汇表是命题人的主要依据,而这个词汇表只提供了英语单词或短语的拼写形式,未有词性和词义。这就给命题人提供了广阔的活动空间,给他们减少了很多限制,但却给考生增加了数倍的难度,因为英语中的一词多义现象是非常普遍的。完形填空和阅读理解等题型中熟词生义现象很多。为了能使我们广大考生顺利通过考试,我们根据新课程标准和普通高等学校招生全国统一考试说明的词汇表所列词汇,按照字母顺序逐一解析高考中屡屡遇到的,使学生感到极为棘手的熟词生
2、义。A A 组1 1.about(熟义:prep.关于)We spent the whole afternoon walking about town.prep.谩骂)She is quite a successful career woman,but actually shes much abused at home. v.虐待4 4.accept(熟义:vt.接受)Tom accepted her explanation. v.同意(接受别人的观点,看法)I accept that the aircraft has no choice but to crash into the sea.
3、v.认可,领受,认为5 5.accommodate (熟义:vt.住宿,留宿)This hotel can accommodate more than 500 guests.vt.容纳He accommodated me when I asked him for help. v.准予,提供6 6.ache(熟义:v./n.疼痛)He was aching for home.v.渴望7 7.act(熟义:vi.行动)It takes a couple of minutes for the drug to act. vi.起作用8 8.acknowledge(熟义:vt.承认;道谢)He ackn
4、owledged me by lifting his hat. vt.对打招呼9 9.across(熟义:prep.越过)The two roads cut across each other. prep.与交叉,与成十字1010.advance(熟义:v./n.前进,推进)She asked me for an advance on her salary. n.预付(款)Share prices showed significant advances today. n.增加1111.add(熟义:v.加)“They dont know.” he added. vt.接着说,又说;补充说212
5、12.address (熟义:n.地址 v.写地址)The president should be addressed as “Mr.President.”v.称呼She turned to address the man on her left. vt.直接向说It is said that our headmaster will address the meeting.vt.向发表演说1313.admit(熟义:v.承认)The servant opened the door and admitted me (into the house). vt.允许进入The theatre only
6、 admits 1,000 persons. vt.容纳1414.against(熟义:prep.反对,违背)The picture looks good against the white wall.prep.衬着,迎着,靠着1515.age(熟义:n.年龄)Worry aged him rapidly. v.使变老1616.agree with(熟义:同意)Your story agrees with what I heard.与一致Long plane trips dont agree with me.协调,适合1717.air(熟义:n.空气)Dont air your trouble
7、s too often. v.抒发;倾诉;传播There was a comfortable air about her room. n.气氛1818.alive(熟义:adj.活着的)The streets are alive with people. adj.充满(活的或动的东西)1919.alone(熟义:adv.单独地,一个人地)She alone was able to answer the question. adv.仅仅,只有2020.amount(熟义:n.量)The cost amounted to $2000. v.达到,共计What you have said amoun
8、ts to a refusal. v.相当于2121.announce(熟义:v.宣布)Warm sunshine announces the coming of spring. vt.显示,预告2222.appreciate(熟义:v.欣赏;感激,感谢)I appreciate that I may be wrong. v.意识到=realize2323.arrival(熟义:n.到达)All stood up to welcome the new arrival. n.到达的人或事物2424.at all(熟义:常与 not 连用,构成 not at all,表示“不用谢,一点也不”)Th
9、is is the first time that I have ever been abroad at all.真的,确实2525.arm(熟义:n.手臂)Lay down your arms or well fire! n.武器2626.attend(熟义:v.出席)3The nurse attended to him day and night. v.看护;治疗2727.arrange(熟义:v.安排;整理)Ive arranged with the neighbours about filling the managers job. v.商量2828.arrest(熟义:vt.逮捕)T
10、he new medicine arrested the spread of the disease. vt.停止,阻止2929.assume(熟义:v.假定,以为)He will assume the directorship of the project. vt.担任3030.absolute(熟义:adj.完全的,绝对的)The police have absolute proof that he was the murderer. adj.确切的3131.accompany(熟义:vt.陪伴,伴奏)Strong winds accompanied the heavy rain. v.伴
11、随3232.account for(熟义:解释,说明;占比例)His illness accounts for his absence.是的原因3333.aggressive(熟义:adj.好斗的,侵略的)If he wants to succeed,he has to be aggressive. adj.进取的3434.alike(熟义:adj.相似的)Teachers should care for all the pupils alike. adv.同样地3535.allergic(熟义:adj.过敏的)I am allergic to those who could not give
12、 help. adj.对十分厌恶3636.allow(熟义:v.允许)This diet allows you one glass of wine a day. vt.使可能3737.ample(熟义:adj.足够的,丰裕的)That you stay abroad will give you ample chances to learn a new language. adj.广泛的3838.aspect(熟义:n.方面)a man with an impressive aspect n.面貌,外表3939.available (熟义:adj.可得到的,可找到的)The worthy pro
13、fessor is now available. adj.(人)有空的4040.advise(熟义:v.建议)Please advise us of the arrival of the goods. vt.通知B B 组4141.balance(熟义:n./v.平衡)I must check my bank balance. n.差额,余款The school aims to balance the amount of time spent on arts and science subjects. v.权衡4242.back (熟义:n.背)Many of his friends back
14、ed his plan. vt.支持4343.badly(熟义:adv.坏)The boy badly wants a new bike. adv.迫切44444.bar(熟义:n.棒,条,酒吧间)Poor health may be a bar to success in life. n.障碍4545.become(熟义:v.变得,变成)Her new hat certainly becomes her. vt.适于,适合4646.before(熟义:prep.以前)It was a long time before I got to sleep again. conj.才;就4747.be
15、haviour(熟义:n.举止,行为)The behaviour of this computer is moderately good.n.性能,特点4848.blank(熟义:adj.空白的 n.空白)The stranger returned my greeting with a blank look. adj.没表情的,空虚的,没兴趣的4949.blue熟义:n./adj.蓝色(的)His songs always make me feel blue. adj.忧伤的5050.beside(熟义:prep.在旁边)Beside your earlier work,this piece
16、seems rather disappointing. prep.与相比5151.build(熟义:v.建设)The athlete has a solid build. n.身材,体形5252.bare(熟义:adj.裸露的)He likes to bare his heart/soul with his close friends. vt.向某人袒露心声5353.bear(熟义:vt.忍受,容忍)He was badly wounded in the war and still bears the scars. v.显示,带有5454.bitter(熟义:adj.苦的,痛苦的)Why wa
17、s she so bitter against Mr.Smith? adv.强烈反对5555.blanket(熟义:n.毯子)The whole village was blanketed with heavy snow.vt.覆盖5656.break down熟义:(机器等)坏了All our plans broke down.(计划)失败,坚持不下去5757.bring(熟义:vt.带来)The cries brought the neighbours running. v.引起5858.build up(熟义:建立;增强体质)The noise is building up until
18、she could not stand it.增高,加强5959.burst(熟义:v.使爆炸,破裂)The storm burst and we all got wet. v.突然爆发6060.bond(熟义:v.使牢固结合)Mothers who are depressed sometimes fail to bond with their children. v.建立互信关系6161.burning(熟义:adj.炽热的)She is burning to tell you the news. adj.感情等强烈的5C C 组6262.can(熟义:aux.能)Mother cans f
19、ruit. vt.做成罐头6363.capital(熟义:n.首都,首府;资本)Our capital task at the moment is to persuade her to calm down. adj.根本的6464.cause(熟义:n.起因;v.引起)We are struggling for revolutionary cause. n.事业6565.celebrate(熟义:v.庆祝)He celebrated her for her courage. vt.称颂,赞扬6666.chance(熟义:n.机会)There is a chance that I will se
20、e him. n.可能性We chanced to be out when she called. v.碰巧6767.check(熟义:vt.检查)We should check the spread of the disease. vt.阻止,制止6868.choice(熟义:n.选择)Some of his remarks are really choice. adj.斟酌得当的6969.civil(熟义:adj.公民的;国内的)He is a civil person. adj.有礼貌的,彬彬有礼的7070.class(熟义:n.班级)There is no doubt that the
21、 professional classes do a much better job than those who are not. n.阶级,阶层,等级7171.climate(熟义:n.气候)The cultural climate here is somehow a little upsetting.n.风气;思潮;倾向7272.cloudy(熟义:adj.阴天的,多云的)Who did it still remains cloudy. adj.不明朗的,不清晰的7373.coach(熟义:n.教练)She coached me in English. v.辅导,指导mand(熟义:v.
22、命令,指挥)His bravery commanded our respect. v.博得,赢得7575.contain(熟义:v.含有,包含)The man was later contained by the police. v.制服He is too excited to contain his laughter. vt.抑制7676.count(熟义:n./v.计算,数)There are 10 people in the classroom counting two teachers.v.包括It is not how much you read but what you read
23、that counts. v.重要,有价值She was counted among the greatest dancers. v.视为,以为67777.couple(熟义:n.一对,一双;一对夫妇或情侣)The dining car was coupled onto the last coach.v.连接,联合e back(熟义:回来)Do you think long dresses will ever come back?重新流行He came back at her with a nasty remark.顶嘴Its suddenly to come back where I saw
24、 you last.回想起来e in(熟义:进来)This style is certain to come in this year.开始流行If the Workers Party comes in at the next election a lot of industry will be state-owned.上台执政Here is the plan of attack,and this is where you come in.承担(任务)e on(熟义:快过来)How has he come on at school this year?进行,进展The rain has jus
25、t come on.开始(下雨)The next exam comes on in early summer.进行(或运转)e out(熟义:出来)Everything will come out all right.结果(如何)pany n.(熟义:n.公司)You may know a man by the company he keeps. n.伙伴,朋友(均为不可数)8383.concert(熟义:n.音乐会)The team made a concerted effort to win the game.adj.协调的8484.cost (熟义:vt.花费;值)The patient
26、s dangerous condition cost the doctors and nurses many a sleepless night. vt.使付出努力8585.cover熟义:v.走完(一段路);看完(多少页书);涉及;报导;覆盖Here is 5;that should cover all your expenses.v.够付(费用)8686.course(熟义:n.课程;过程)The main course was a vegetable stew. n.一道菜8787.cross(熟义:v.跨越,横穿;n.十字)Dont be cross with himafter all
27、,he meant to help. adj.生气的8888.cut(熟义:v.砍;割;切)His rude remarks cut me. vt.伤感情8989.case(熟义:n.情况,状况)There are three cases of fever in school. n.病例,案例9090.casual(熟义:adj.偶然的,随意的)7He was employed as a casual labourer. adj.临时的9191.cater(熟义:v.为社交活动提供饮食;承办酒席)TV must cater for many different tastes. v.满足需要,迎
28、合9292.caution(熟义:n.谨慎)The teacher cautioned him against being late. v.告诫,提醒9393.choke(熟义:v.窒息,哽咽)I managed to choke back my tears. v.强忍住,抑制,克制9494.charge(熟义:v.索价,收费;指控,控告)Mother charged Alice with taking good care of the baby.v.赋予责任或义务9595.challenge(熟义:n.挑战)I challenged him to a game of chess. v.向挑战
29、;要求决斗9696.clean(熟义:adj.干净的)I clean forgot about it. adv.彻底地,完全地9797.conduct(熟义:v.组织;实施;指挥)He conducted himself far better than expected.v.举止,表现9898.congratulate(熟义:v.祝贺)I congratulated myself on my escape. v.为成功感到高兴或自豪9999.consume(熟义:vt.消耗,消费)The fire soon consumed the old wooden buildings in the ne
30、ighbourhood. v.烧毁,毁灭D D 组100100.damage(熟义:v./n.损坏)He claimed $7000 damages from the taxi company. n.赔偿金101101.dash(熟义:v.猛冲)Being badly ill,he was dashed to hospital. v.急送His mother dashed him into going to school every day.v.催促102102.dawn(熟义:n.拂晓 v.破晓,天亮)The truth began to dawn on him. vt.开始明白103103
31、.desert(熟义:n.沙漠)He deserted his wife and children and went abroad. v.抛弃,离弃We sheltered from the storm in a deserted hut.adj.荒凉的,无人居住的104104.develop(熟义:v.发展;开发;研制)Did you have the film developed? v.冲印,冲洗He developed a cough. vt.得病,出现问题develop a habit v.逐渐形成8105105.difficult(熟义:adj.困难的)You must get th
32、e permission of your difficult mother before getting married. adj.难以取悦的,不易满足的106106.deal with(熟义:处理;对付)Do you deal with Smith,the butcher?与做生意;与来往107107.dismiss(熟义:v.解雇,开除)He just laughed and dismissed my suggestion as unrealistic.vt.拒绝考虑某人的观点等108108.do(熟义:vt.做;制作)The shoes wont do for mountain-clim
33、bing. vi.可以,行Practice and determination will do wonders. v.创造Everything is doing well. vi.进展109109.down(熟义:adv.向下;在下面)I paid $1000 down on the car. adv.作为首付款110110.draw(熟义:vt.画)The football match between the Korean team and the American team was so wonderful that it drew a lot of people,though in th
34、e end they drew the match. v.吸引;不分胜负地结束What moral are we to draw from the story? v.获得,取得,推断出111111.drive(熟义:v.驾驶)Hunger drove her steal. v.迫使某人做不好的事112112.delicate(熟义:adj.精巧的;微妙的;脆弱的)I admired your delicate handling of the situation.adj.巧妙的113113.deliver(熟义:v.递送,传递;发表演说;使分娩)Only education can delive
35、r people from misery. vt.解救,拯救,使摆脱114114.deposit(熟义:v.把钱存入银行)He deposited the book on the desk. vt.放下,放置115115.divorce(熟义:v.离婚)You cant divorce science from ethical questions. v.使分离,使脱离E E 组116116.easy(熟义:adj.容易的)Now we are leading an easy life. adj.舒适的,安分的,轻松的117117.elect(熟义:v.选举,推选)She elected to
36、become a lawyer. v.选择/决定做118118.embarrass(熟义:vt.使尴尬)What embarrasses your making an early start?vt.阻碍9119119.employ(熟义:v.雇佣)The police employed force to open the door. v.使用,利用120120.engage(熟义:v.从事)A personal computer engages his interest now. vt.吸引121121.escape(熟义:v.逃走)His name escaped me for the mo
37、ment. v.被忘记,一时想不起122122.entertain(熟义:v.款待)He entertained a belief that his son would rise in the world. vt.怀有,抱有123123.example(熟义:n.例子,榜样)Let this be an example to you. n.警告124124.even(熟义:adv.甚至,更)The road wasnt even. adj.平坦的,平的,平滑的Her teeth were white and even. adj.齐的,同样的,一致的The score is now even.
38、adj.相等的,对等的,均等的The car went with an even motion. adj.均匀的,平稳的She evened the edges by trimming(清理焊缝) them. vt.弄平,使平坦Our team evened the score in the last minute. vt.使相等125125.excite(熟义:vt.使激动)The recent discoveries have excited new interest among doctors. vt.激起126126.excuse(熟义:n.借口 v.原谅)He was excused
39、 from piano practice. vt.免除127127.express(熟义:v.表达)His express wish was that you should come here by air.adj.明确的Is there an express from Nanjing to Shanghai? n.快车128128.encourage(熟义:vt.鼓励,激励)Good health encourages clear thinking. v.促进,助长,刺激129129.enterprise(熟义:n.公司,企业单位,事业单位)He got the job because he
40、 showed the spirit of enterprise. n.事业心,进取心130130.exit(熟义:v.出去,离去 n.出口)At the end of the third scene the actress exits. v.退场131131.explode(熟义:v.爆炸,爆裂)Im about to explode!He broke my violin. v.勃然大怒,大发雷霆132132.exploit(熟义:v.开发,开采;剥削)You must exploit every opportunity to learn new things.v.利用133133.exte
41、nd(熟义:vt.扩大,使扩展;使伸长)He extended his hand to new employees. v.伸展,展开(手臂或脚)10F F 组134134.fail(熟义:v.失败,不及格)Our water supply failed. vi.不足He is failing in health/His health is failing. v.衰退,衰弱He failed to lend her a hand. v.未能135135.familiar(熟义:adj.熟悉的)Are you on familiar terms with Tom?adj.密切的,亲密136136.
42、family(熟义:n.家)Has he any family?n.子女137137.fan(熟义:n.扇子)The famous film star has no time to deal with the fan mails. n.狂热者,迷,粉丝138138.far from(熟义:离远)The show was far from being a failure;it was a great success.远远不是139139.fashion(熟义:n.时尚;时装)He behaves in a peculiar fashion. n.方式140140.fast(熟义:adj./adv
43、.快的/地)His tears fell fast. adv.接连不断,快速不断地Hes fast asleep. =He has a heavy sleep. adv.完全地141141.fever(熟义:n.发烧,发热)He is in a fever of her arrival. n.狂热,高度兴奋142142.figure(熟义:n.数字;身材;人物)She figured that she would be next. v.认为;想象143143.fill(熟义:v.填满)His answer did not fill our need. vt.满足144144.find(熟义:v
44、t.找到)The court found him guilty. v.判决145145.fine(熟义:adj.美好的;很棒的;晴朗的)Theres a fine distinction between the meanings of the two words. adj.微妙的The man will get a fine if he parks the car there. n.罚款146146.fix(熟义:v.固定;安装;修理)The extraordinary man fixed our attention. vt.吸引147147.flood(熟义:n.洪水)I received
45、a flood of letters this morning. n.大量的东西148148.fond(熟义:adj.喜欢的)Fond parents will spoil their children. adj.溺爱的149149.force(熟义:vt.强迫)The policeman forced the knife from the criminals hand.vt.夺取11150150.foreign(熟义:adj.外国的)The subject is foreign to me. adj.不熟悉Telling lies is foreign to her nature. adj.
46、和格格不入的151151.form(熟义:vt.构成)I can not form an opinion about it. v.(使)形成(指想法或计划)152152.free (熟义:adj.自由的;有空的)Most of the roads are free of snow.adj.没有,免交;远离(常与 of 连用)Is the way free? adj.畅通的,无阻碍的153153.freeze(熟义:v.冻结,冻冰)Freeze!Drop your arms! v.不许动,停止走动154154.fade(熟义:v.褪色)All memory of her childhood ha
47、d faded from her mind.v.逐渐消失155155.fly(熟义:v.飞,飞翔,飞行 n.苍蝇)The children flew to meet their mother. v.疾驰,疾行156156.fresh(熟义:adj.新鲜的)She is quite fresh to office work. adj.无经验的157157.follow(熟义:v.跟着;仿效)He followed a legal career. v.从事(某职业);遵循(某生活方式)G G 组158158.gain(熟义:v.获得,赢得)Dont worry.My watch gains.We
48、still have time.v.表走的快The car gained speed gradually. vt.增加(速度或重量)159159.game(熟义:n.游戏;比赛)Are you game to climb the mountain? adj.愿意(去做难而危险之事)的160160.go(熟义:v.去;变得)This information goes to prove my point. vi.对有助It goes by electricity. vi.机器运行,运转,工作The sofa can go against the wall. v.被放置Pink and orange
49、 dont go. v.不相配He is getting old and his sight is starting to go. v.下降161161.get away with(熟义:带着逃跑)The child ought to be punished.You shouldnt let him get away with telling lies.(做坏事)不受惩罚162162.get back(熟义:回来/去;拿回来/去)He will get back at you for this.报复163163.get down(熟义:下来;写下)12All this waiting and delay is really getting her down.使情绪低落,身体虚弱164164.get off(熟义:下车;离开,动身)Ill have to get this letter off by tonight.寄出,邮寄Ill pay anything you ask if you manage to get h