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1、2022高考英语写作基础专题三十（概要写作词义替换之名词动词；介词短语）一：同义词转换1.常用名词的转换1 方法 way,method,approach,means2 困难 difficulty,challenge,barrier3 问题 problem,question,trouble,issue4 事情 thing,matter,affair,business5 机会 chance,opportunity,occasion6 目标 goal,target,aim7 责任 duty,responsibility8 发展 development,progress,advance9 职业 job
2、,career,employment,profession10 优势 advantage,merit,virtue,benefit,strength,strong point11 劣势disadvantage,shortcoming,weakness,drawback,downside,limitation,weak point2.重点动词(短语)的转换12 认为think,consider,insist13 知道know,realize,be aware of,learn about14 相信believe (in),have faith in,trust,be convinced of15
3、 使用use,apply,employ16 完成finish,achieve,accomplish,complete17 获得gain,get,acquire,attain,obtain18 提供offer,provide,supply,afford19 鼓励encourage,motivate,stimulate,inspire20 发生happen,occur,take place,come about21 同意agree,approve,consent22 要求request,demand,require,claim23 影响influence,impact,affect24 表明sho
4、w,suggest,imply,indicate,demonstrate25 导致lead to,bring about,result in,give rise to,contribute to3.介词(短语)和独立成分等的转换26 关于about,concerning,involving,regarding27 提前ahead of time,ahead of schedule,in advance28 例如for instance,for example,to name only a few,such as29 随着时间的推移as time goes on/by,with time goi
5、ng on/by30 随着的到来with the coming/approaching/arrival of.31 在某种程度上to some extent,to some degree,in a sense,in a way二：课后练习Thirteen equals oneOur vicar is always raising money for one cause or another, but he has never managed to get enough money to have the church clock repaired. The big clock which us
6、ed to strike the hours day and night was damaged many years ago and has been silent ever since.One night, however, our vicar work up with a start: the clock was striking the hours! Looking at his watch, he saw that it was one oclock, but the bell struck thirteen times before it stopped. Armed with a
7、 torch, the vicar went up into the clock tower to see what was going on. In the torchlight, he caught sight of a figure whom he immediately recognized as Bill Wilkins, our local grocer.Whatever are you doing up here Bill? asked the vicar in surprise. Im trying to repair the bell, answered Bill. Ive
8、been coming up here night after night for weeks now. You see, I was hoping to give you a surprise.You certainly did give me a surprise! said the vicar. Youve probably woken up everyone in the village as well. Still, Im glad the bell is working again.Thats the trouble, vicar, answered Bill. Its worki
9、ng all right, but Im afraid that at one oclock it will strike thirteen times and theres nothing I can do about it.Well get used to that, Bill, said the vicar. Thirteen is not as good as one, but its better than nothing. Now lets go downstairs and have a cup of tea. A Puma at largePumas are large, ca
10、t-like animals which are found in America. When reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London, they were not taken seriously. However, as the evidence began to accumulate, experts from the Zoo felt obliged to investigate, for the descriptions given b
11、y people who claimed to have seen the puma were extraordinarily similar. The hunt for the puma began in a small village where a woman picking blackberries saw a large cat only five yards away from her. It immediately ran away when she saw it, and experts confirmed that a puma will not attack a human
12、 being unless it is cornered. The search proved difficult, for the puma was often observed at one place in the morning and at another place twenty miles away in the evening. Wherever it went, it left behind it a trail of dead deer and small animals like rabbits. Paw prints were seen in a number of p
13、laces and puma fur was found clinging to bushes. Several people complained of cat-like noises at night and a businessman on a fishing trip saw the puma up a tree. The experts were now fully convinced that the animal was a puma, but where had it come from? As no pumas had been reported missing from a
14、ny zoo in the country, this one must have been in the possession of a private collector and somehow managed to escape. The hunt went on for several weeks, but the puma was not caught. It is disturbing to think that a dangerous wild animal is still at large in the quiet countryside. 参考答案：At one ocloc
15、k in the morning, the church clock striking the hours woke the vicar up as it struck thirteen times. The vicar went into the clock tower, taking a torch with him. He saw Bill Wilkins, the local grocer there and Bill explained he was trying to repair the clock but hadnt succeeded because at one ocloc
16、k it struck thirteen times. However, the vicar was pleased the bell was working and offered the grocer a cap of tea. The reports received by London Zoo that a puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London were similar in nature. A woman picking blackberries saw it first, but the puma moved from place to place,leaving a trail of dead deer and small animals. Paw prints and puma fur were found as well. Cat-like noiseswere heard at night and the animal was seen up a tree. Now experts were convinced that the animal really was a puma.