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1、浙江省部分地方2020-2021年高二下学期期末联考英语试题精选汇编阅读理解专题浙江省嘉兴市2020-2021学年高二下学期期末检测英语试题第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）第一节（共10个小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题 纸上将该项涂黑.AAlbrecht Durer was born in Nuremberg in 1471, in present day Germany. He was a painter, writer and engraver(雕刻师), but his first and probab
2、ly greatest artistic influence was in the medium of printmaking.Albrechts father was a goldsmith(金匠) and the young Albrecht naturally became his student, learning shaping and engraving jewelry. He also started learning from a local artist Michael Wolgemut, who specialized in artistic woodcuts for bo
3、oks. Durers first contact with art was in the woodcut printing range, so it is little wonder that he went on to become expert in this field. He actually expanded the craft of producing pictures for printing, giving it more depth, and he raised print-making into an art-form. Towards the end of the ce
4、ntury (14971500), Durer produced an impressive series of religious woodcuts. Indeed, it was in 15131514 that Durer produced the three extraordinary engravings (“Knight, Death and DeviP”; “Melencolia”; “Saint Jerome in his Cell”) that had a strong influence on the art world and came to be known as th
5、e Master Engravings.Durers success as a printmaker rapidly spread across Europe. He was highly aware of his artistic image and authorship, which is obvious in his remarkable signature. As his art became increasingly valuable, Durers signature was always copied, which even led him to accuse the engra
6、ver Marcantonio Raimondi of repeatedly copying his works and signature and selling them off as originals. In the end, the court ruled that Raimondi could continue making copies of Durers, as long as he didnt reproduce the artists signature.Durer died in 1528 and was buried in Nuremberg. Like most fa
7、mous Italian artists, Durer probably felt himself to be an “artist-king”, and his self-portraits(自画像)seem undoubtedly to show a man sure of his own gift.1. Which of the following best describes Albrecht Durer?A. Open-minded.B. Generous.C. Easy-going.D. Talented.2. What do we know about Durers three
8、great engravings?A. They were made with the help of his father.B. They were created in the early 16th century.C. They were recognized as a new way of painting.D. They were influenced by the art world of his time.3. What can we infer from paragraph 3?A. Durer got angry with the court.B. Durers signat
9、ure was easy to copy.C. Durers reputation as a printmaker was high.D. Durer had a good relationship with Raimondi.【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了著名画家，作家和雕刻家Albrecht Durer的生平事迹，特别强调了他在雕刻艺术方面的天赋和影响力。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段内容对于Albrecht Durer的描述“He was a painter, writer and engraver, but his first
10、 and probably greatest artistic influence was in the medium of printmaking.(他是一位画家、作家和雕刻家，但他的第一个可能也是最大的艺术影响是在版画的媒介上。)”可知，他在艺术方面的成就很大，且根据文章第二段“He actually expanded the craft of producing pictures for printing, giving it more depth, and he raised print-making into an art-form.(实际上，他扩大了为印刷而制作图片的工艺，赋予了它
11、更大的深度，并将印刷术提升为一种艺术形式。)”可知，他在艺术方面很有自己的特点，由此可推知，他是一个有艺术天赋的人。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“Indeed, it was in 15131514 that Durer produced the three extraordinary engravings (“Knight, Death and DeviP”; “Melencolia”; “Saint Jerome in his Cell”) that had a strong influence on the art world and came to be kno
12、wn as the Master Engravings.(事实上，正是在15131514年，杜勒创作了三幅非凡的版画（“骑士、死亡和德维普”；”“梅兰科利亚”；“圣杰罗姆在他的牢房”），对艺术界产生了强大的影响，并成为著名的雕刻大师。)”可知，这三幅作品是在1513年至1514年期间创作的，即，16世纪早期。故选B项。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段内容“As his art became increasingly valuable, Durers signature was always copied, which even led him to accuse the engraver
13、 Marcantonio Raimondi of repeatedly copying his works and signature and selling them off as originals.(随着Durer的作品越来越有价值，他的签名总是被模仿，他甚至指责雕刻师Marcantonio Raimondi反复模仿他的作品和签名，然后当真品出售。)”可知，Durer的作品很有价值，以致于雕刻师Marcantonio Raimondi模仿他的作品和签名进行出售，由此可推知，作为版画家，Durer享有很高的声誉。故选C项。B“Wont you be my neighbor?” is a f
14、amous song from Mister Rogers Neighborhood, a popular childrens television show. The show, broadcast for 31 years and ending in 2001, sought to teach American children the importance of kindness and understanding towards others. But recently fewer and fewer Americans seem to know their neighbors. Th
15、at may be destroying Americans communities.Marc Dunkelman wrote a book called “The Vanishing Neighbor”. In it, he examined how American communities have changed over time. Dunkelman said most Americans have three levels of relationships: The inner circle includes family and close friends. The middle
16、 circle is more casual relationships. People in this circle include neighbors and people in community groups. The outer circle includes people who live far away but share a common interest.In his book, Dunkelman argued that people spend most of their time and attention on the inner and outer circles
17、. But he said the middle-circle is necessary to strengthening local communities. Relationships with neighbors are important for debate, hearing different ideas and finding compromise.Americans used to have more middle-circle relationships. Face-to-face communication was unavoidable without cell phon
18、es or the internet. People also felt more of a duty to join community organizations.Dunkelman argued that modern life has made middle-circle relationships less important. He said globalization, education and more women in the workforce have resulted in less middle-circle communication. Americans may
19、 be losing what it means to be a good neighbor, as Fred Rogers of Mister Rogers Neighborhood taught.However; doing good for a neighbor is healthy “not just for our neighbor but for ourselves as well,” Dunkelman said. “Learning how to be a good citizen can be lost when we defer the problem to somebod
20、y else.”4 What does the underlined word “that refer to in paragraph 1?A. The lack of close ties with neighbors.B. The popularity of childrens TV shows.C. The way of teaching children to be kind.D. The previous knowledge of communities.5 What is a benefit of having middle-circle relationships?A. Prev
21、enting digital harm.B. Sharing opinions with others.C. Bearing more family responsibilities.D. Raising awareness of health problems.6. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. How to Get Along with Neighbors?B. The Inner-circle or the Middle-circle?C. Why are Americans Becoming Dista
22、nt?D. Are American Communities Disappearing?【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了越来越少的美国人认识他们的邻居，这一情况可能正在摧毁美国人的社区的社会现象。文章介绍了消失的邻居一书的作者对此的看法，以及这一现象可能导致的影响。【4题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“But recently fewer and fewer Americans seem to know their neighbors.”以及后文“may be destroying Americans communities”可知，最近越来越
23、少的美国人认识他们的邻居，即与邻居缺乏亲密关系可能正在摧毁美国人的社区。故画线词指的是“与邻居缺乏亲密关系”。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“But he said the middle-circle is necessary to strengthening local communities. Relationships with neighbors are important for debate, hearing different ideas and finding compromise.(但他说，中间圈子对于加强当地社区是必要的。与邻居的关系对于辩论、听取不同意见和寻
24、求妥协都很重要)”可知，拥有中间圈子的关系可以与他人分享意见。故选B。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中“But recently fewer and fewer Americans seem to know their neighbors. That may be destroying Americans communities.(但是最近越来越少的美国人认识他们的邻居。这可能正在摧毁美国人的社区)”结合文章主要说明了越来越少的美国人认识他们的邻居，这一情况可能正在摧毁美国人的社区的社会现象。文章介绍了消失的邻居一书的作者对此的看法，以及这一现象可能导致的影响。可知，D选项“美国社区正在消
25、失吗？”最符合文章标题。故选D。CIn an age of online shopping, commercial algorithms and streamed entertainment, most of us rarely face up to things that have not been digitally matched to our previous interests or prejudices. Few will have avoided the suggestion “if youve enjoyed X, then youll like Y and Z” as the
26、y surf the internet looking for books, films or music.”But now there are efforts to fight back against it. In both the arts and the media, a series of new projects are celebrating the importance of coming across the unexpected.A new self-help book by Neil Farber; an American academic and doctor focu
27、ses on the vital role that chance plays in enriching our lives and thoughts. An unconventional service, Trade Journal Cooperative is offering to send a random publication direct to your door four times a year, from Professional Pasta to American Funeral Director or Plumber Magazine.A new radio app,
28、Stack, deliberately delivers music chosen by someone else. Stack has been set up in response to the vast areas of unknown music available to download. The music on Stack is instead chosen by a number of DJs and musicians and, importantly, listeners cannot influence what it plays. “Its not designed a
29、round your usage,” says Wigram, who is an art dealer. “But it removes the anxiety of having to like, or liking something by mistake, and suddenly being recommended tracks that you dont even like. Algorithms reduce diversity and chance. And its that element of chance, of discovering a new track, that
30、 an algorithm cant compete with. I do believe that human beings can do it better than algorithms.”So the hope for an interesting future, according to Wigram, depends upon a good mix of blind chance and trusted human recommendations a bit like the shelves of the old independent record stores and book
31、shops.7. What is mainly talked about in paragraph 1?A. A dilemma facing internet users.B. A suggestion given by internet providers.C. An online phenomenon related to preference.D. An open discussion concerning online shopping.8. Why are the examples in paragraph 3 mentioned?A. To indicate the influe
32、nce of the media.B. To explain the operation of new projects.C. To prove the success of a creative service.D. To show the significance of chance in life.9. How does the app Stack help listeners choose a song?A. By offering expert recommendations.B. By making use of algorithms.C. By removing the anxi
33、ety of musicians.D. By providing plenty of songs.10. What is the authors purpose in writing the text?A. To promote a healthy digital lifestyle.B. To give helpful tips on how to make choices.C. To advocate a new way out of algorithms control.D. To introduce different types of marketing services.【答案】7
34、. C 8. D 9. A 10. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如今在一个充斥着在线购物、商业算法和流媒体娱乐的时代，我们中的大多数人很少会面对那些与我们以前的兴趣或偏见不相符的数字事物，但现在有人在努力反击，提出了一种摆脱算法控制的新方法，文章就这种方法举出了具体的例子。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“In an age of online shopping, commercial algorithms and streamed entertainment, most of us rarely face up to things that have not been
35、digitally matched to our previous interests or prejudices. Few will have avoided the suggestion “if youve enjoyed X, then youll like Y and Z” as they surf the internet looking for books, films or music. (在一个充斥着在线购物、商业算法和流媒体娱乐的时代，我们中的大多数人很少会面对那些与我们以前的兴趣或偏见不相符的数字事物。当他们上网寻找书籍、电影或音乐时，很少有人会避免这样的建议：“如果你喜欢
36、X，那么你就会喜欢Y和Z”)”可知，第一段主要讲了一个与偏好相关的网络现象。故选C。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“A new self-help book by Neil Farber; an American academic and doctor focuses on the vital role that chance plays in enriching our lives and thoughts. An unconventional service, Trade Journal Cooperative is offering to send a random publicat
37、ion direct to your door four times a year, from Professional Pasta to American Funeral Director or Plumber Magazine. (Neil Farber的一本新自助书；一位美国学者兼医生专注于机会在丰富我们的生活和思想中所起的重要作用。这是一项非传统的服务，行业杂志合作社每年提供四次随机的出版物直接送到你家门口，从专业意大利面到美国殡仪馆主任或管道工杂志)”可推知，提到第三段的例子是为了表明生命中机会的重要性。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“The music on Stac
38、k is instead chosen by a number of DJs and musicians and, importantly, listeners cannot influence what it plays. (Stack上的音乐是由许多DJ和音乐家选择的，重要的是，听众不能影响它播放什么)”可知，Stack应用程序通过提供专家建议，帮助听众选择歌曲。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Algorithms reduce diversity and chance. And its that element of chance, of discovering a
39、new track, that an algorithm cant compete with. I do believe that human beings can do it better than algorithms. (算法减少多样性和机会。正是这种偶然的因素，发现了一条新赛道，这是算法无法匹敌的。我确实相信人类能比算法做得更好)”结合文章主要说明了如今在一个充斥着在线购物、商业算法和流媒体娱乐的时代，我们中的大多数人很少会面对那些与我们以前的兴趣或偏见不相符的数字事物，但现在有人在努力反击，提出了一种摆脱算法控制的新方法，文章就这种方法举出了具体的例子。可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是
40、提倡一种摆脱算法控制的新方法。故选C。浙江省宁波市九校2020-2021学年高二下学期期末联考英语试题第二部分:阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)第一节:(共15小题:每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中,选出最佳选项。AIn many respects one could call John Beltzer the worlds most successful songwriter. Every song that he writes is guaranteed to be a real hit not on the popularity charts
41、, but in a childs heart. The reason for this is that every song that Beltzer writes is for a seriously ill child. The songs never fail to make the children smile and to raise their spirits. They also play them over and over. This means more by far to Beltzer than being ranked high on the popularity
42、charts.Thirty-eight year old Beltzer is the founder and president of Songs of Love, a nonprofit group. This group combines the volunteer efforts of musicians, songwriters, singers, and studio technicians to create unique, happy songs that reflect a childs personality.Beltzer believes that music is v
43、ery healing. When an adult listens to a favorite song, it makes him feel good: thus when a little child listens to a song written just for him, the result is very uplifting. Since its founding in 1996, Songs of Love has been responsible for the composition, taping and sending more than 780 songs to
44、children in life-threatening conditions, all for free.Unmarried with no children of his own, Beltzer had never thought much about writing songs for children. He says that one day while he was walking down the street the idea came to him and he instantly felt that he could make a success of it. He we
45、nt home and called St Judes Childrens Research Hospital in Memphis, Tennessee. He told them he wanted to write songs for seriously ill children, and wrote six songs in four days. Upon receiving the songs, the hospital called him with high praise. Soon after that the mother of a little girl with canc
46、er called him to thank him and then the little girl herself did so. At that point he knew that this was his “calling”.As is true with most charitable ventures, Songs of Love is almost always in need of money. To help in this respect, Beltzer has moved back home to live with his retired parents, who
47、also help support his work. His long-term goal is to offer Songs of Love to patients of all ages, including nursing home residents and the mentally ill. Among other efforts to raise money, Beltzer sells CDs and tapes, expecting much bigger sales. Meanwhile, Beltzer himself continues to be the most p
48、roductive writer in Songs of Love, making sure that all requests for songs written for critically ill children will be met.1. Why is John Beltzer, to some extent, called the worlds most successful songwriter?A. Every song he composes tends to be a hit.B. All songs are played over and over again.C. His songs are intended specially for those unlucky children.D. He as well as his songs always enjoys a grand popularity.2. Which word can replace the underlined word “uplifting” in paragraph 3?A. Satisfactory.B. Adequate.C. Inspirational.D. Appropriate.3. What can we infer from the whole pass