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1、黑龙江省部分名校2020-2021学年上学期高一英语期中试题精选汇编阅读理解专题黑龙江省大庆铁人中学2020-2021学年高一英语上学期期中试题第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，共37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳答案。AThe symbol of Paris, the Eiffel Tower opened to the public on March 31, 1889, and its beauty has continued to spellbind the world for 130 years. But some little-known fac
2、ts about the Eiffel Tower may surprise you. Weve put together a list.Its the worlds most visited paid tourist attractionAlmost seven million visitors each year pay the admission fee to visit the Eiffel Tower, Since it opened in 1889, nearly 300 million people have experienced the tower.Theres an apa
3、rtment at the topA personal apartment that Gustave Eiffel used as an office was created at the top of the tower. Eiffel entertained many important persons there, and today visitors to the apartment will see it as it looked in Eiffels day, with life-like wax models （蜡像）of Eiffel and Thomas Edison.You
4、 could send a postcard by balloon from the Eiffel TowerDuring the 1889 Worlds Fair, visitors could buy a commemorative （纪念）postcard that was attached to a balloon and a small parachute （降落伞）.Visitors would write an address on the postcard and release it into the air from the tower. The postcard woul
5、d fall back to earth gently due to the parachute, but its not known how many of these postcards ever made it to their intended addresses.19th-century elevators are still in operationTwo of the original elevator cars are still functioning in the Eiffel Tower elevators that go to the third floor in th
6、e east and west pillars （铁柱）.The equipment has been updated, but it is basically the same technology that was used more than a century ago.1. What do you know about the apartment at the top?A. It was used as Eiffels office.B. It used to be a public apartment.C. It sells wax models of Eiffel and Edis
7、on.D. It only provides service for important persons.2. What is special about sending the postcard?A. The symbol.B. The fee.C. The way.D. The time.3. What is the text intended to do?A. To update the equipment.B. To show some interesting stories.C. To explain the amazing history.D. To share some litt
8、le-known facts.【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过清单的方式说明埃菲尔铁塔鲜为人知的一些细节和事实。【1题详解】细节理解题。审题得知关键词是apartment at the top故定位于清单二的首句：A personal apartment that Gustave Eiffel used as an office was created at the top of the tower.古斯塔夫埃菲尔(Gustave Eiffel)的一间私人公寓被建在塔顶，用作办公室。通过这句可以推知，A选项It was used as Eiffels off
9、ice“被用作埃菲尔办公室”切合文意。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。审题得知关键信息词为postcard。故定位于清单第三个。通读全段，讲述的是这种明信片运送的方式是通过在明信片上写上地址，然后通过降落伞让其轻轻降落在地上，再运输出去。故其特殊的运输方式是特殊之处。故C选项way切合文意。故选C。【3题详解】推理判断题。此题通过观察和浏览主题句得知第一段里有：But some little-known facts about the Eiffel Tower may surprise you. Weve put together a list.“但有些与埃菲尔铁塔有关的鲜为人知的事实会让你感
10、到惊讶，我们将其制成列表以供阅览。而下文就是在通过清单方式罗列这些鲜为人知的事实。而D选项To share some little-known facts“为了分享鲜为人知的事实”切合文意。故选D。BEver since Zion Williamson was 5 years old, he wanted to be a basketball star. But to get there, he needed a lot of encouragement and coaching along the way, and there was no one that better than his
11、mother, Sharonda Sampson. She coached Zion in every youth basketball league he ever played. Sampson was a collegiate track star and later became a middle school health and physical education teacher.He has got up at 5:30 a.m. to head to the outdoor court and play basketball since he was 9 years old.
12、 Zions hard work began to pay off when he entered high school, where he became a YouTube hit for his high-flying dunks （灌篮）and powerful moves. But Sampson wanted her son to not only work hard at being great but study how the legends of the game went about their skills.“When I started playing, my mom
13、 said there were three players she wanted me to watch Magic Johnson, Larry Bird and Michael Jordan,” Williamson said. “Even though I wasnt alive when he （Jordan） was doing those things, it just attracted me. Everything he did was just incredible.”The national spotlight shined on Zion during his one
14、year of collegiate basketball at Duke University, where he was coached by five-time national champion Mike Krzyzewski. The most storied rivalry in the collegiate game is between Duke and North Carolina, where Jordan won a national championship back in the 1980s.Shortly after his freshman season, Zio
15、n declared for the NBA Draft. Sampson was by her sons side when he was chosen by the Pelicans as the top player. “I wouldnt be here without my mom” said Zion with tears streaming down his face after his selection.Zion was brilliant in the first 19 games of his regular-season NBA career, averaging ov
16、er 23 points and six rebounds per game, before the coronavirus （冠状病毒）crisis forced the league to shut down. The 19-year-old Zion says hes been staying fit and will be ready to go when the league resumes.4. What do we know about Zion from the first two paragraphs?A. He was trained mainly by his mothe
17、r.B. He dreamed of being a basketball star at 9.C. He was famous for his mother at YouTube.D. He coached his mother in basketball leagues.5. Why did Zions mother ask him to watch three players?A. She wanted to make Zion beat them one day.B. She expected Zion to learn much from them.C. She required Z
18、ion to join their basketball teams.D. She wished Zion to like the same players as she.6. What did Zion mean by “I wouldnt be here without my mom”?A. He would join the NBA with his momB. He would stand beside his mother firmly.C. His success related to what his mom did.D. He followed her wherever his
19、 mother went.7. What is the writers purpose in writing the text?A. To encourage people to learn from Zion.B. To explain why Zion likes playing basketball.C. To prove Zion has a gift for playing basketball.D. To introduce an NBA basketball player.【答案】4. A 5. B 6. C 7. D【解析】本文为人物传记。本文讲述了Zion Williamso
20、n在母亲的鼓励和陪伴下成长为优秀的球星。【4题详解】主旨大意题。根据But to get there, he needed a lot of encouragement and coaching along the way, and there was no one that better than his mother, Sharonda Sampson(但要达到这个目标，他一路上需要很多鼓励和指导，而没有人能比得上他的母亲Sharonda Sampson).和But Sampson wanted her son to not only work hard at being great bu
21、t study how the legends of the game went about their skills(Sharonda Sampson希望她的儿子不仅要努力成为伟大的球员，还要学习这项传奇的球技)可知，前两段讲述Zion Williamson五岁时就想成为篮球明星，妈妈的鼓励和帮助功不可没，故选A。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据Zion的讲述“When I started playing, my mom said there were three players she wanted me to watch Magic Johnson, Larry Bird and Micha
22、el Jordan,” “it just attracted me. Everything he did was just incredible（当我开始打球的时候，我妈妈说有三个球员她想让我看-魔术师约翰逊，拉里伯德和迈克尔乔丹，这就吸引了我。他（乔丹）所做的一切都令人难以置信）”可知，妈妈希望Zion能从他们身上学到东西，故选B。【6题详解】句意猜测题。本文讲述了Zion Williamson在母亲的鼓励和陪伴下成长为优秀的球星。根据倒数第二段Shortly after his freshman season, Zion declared for the NBA Draft. Sampso
23、n was by her sons side when he was chosen by the Pelicans as the top player(在他的新生赛季结束后不久，锡安宣布参加NBA选秀。Sampson在她儿子被鹈鹕队选中为最佳球员时就在他身边。). 可知，在获奖后，Zion说“I wouldnt be here without my mom(没有我妈妈我就不会站在这里)”，是将这一切成功归功于他的母亲，故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者讲述了Zion Williamson在母亲的鼓励和指导下成长为优秀的球星的故事，故选D。CA year ago, I decid
24、ed to create a more environmentally friendly kitchen, focusing on reducing the single-use products such as plastic bags and paper towels. Im not going to sugarcoat my experience. It takes com mitment and a willingness to change long-held habits. In creating my kitchen, I tried a lot of different alt
25、ernative products and some plain old com mon sense； the result, however, has been worth the effort. Im recycling more and relying less on single-use products and Im saving money too.Im not kidding when I say that I used to really love plastic storage bags, so this was, perhaps, the biggest challenge
26、 for me. Switching to reusable storage bags is a financial investment, but the cos is reasonable considering that I previously spent at least $ 100 annually on single-use plastic bags and wrap. I willcheck online periodically for recycling updates, where a zero-waste box for kitchen items is offered
27、, from party supplies to mixed-materialfood containers.Im a clean freak (怪人) and used to go through an amount of paper towels on a daily basis, butits easy enough to take old T-shirts ortowels and cutthem up to use to wipe down surfaces. Im also a fan of bamboo paper towels, which have the look and
28、feel of traditional paper towels, yet are made from a highly renewable source and also break down in just 45 days. Better yet, they can be reused up to 100 times. As for kitchen sponges (海绵擦), I keep an eye out for those made with natural and recyclable materials.When purchasing household items onli
29、ne from companies like Amazon or Jet I will ask to have them shipped in as few boxes as possible or as small a box as possible if a single item is to be sent. Ill let the company know that they should pay more attention to how It is packaging items for delivery.8. What is the authors main purpose of
30、 creating her kitchen?A. To save money.B. To reduce waste and recycle more.C. To change her long-held habits.D. To make it cleaner and more practical.9. What does the underlined word “sugarcoat” in paragraph 2 mean?A. M ake attractive.B. Getinterested.C. Show off.D. Give up.10. In creating her kitch
31、en, what does the author do?A. Begins to recycle more single-use plastic bags.B. Goes through an amount of paper towels on a daily basis.C. Checks online periodically to buy zero-waste box.D. Chooses to use the recyclable or reusable kitchen items.11. What can we learn about the author from the text
32、?A. She has strong environmental awareness.B. She is used to traditional paper towels.C. She has a good knowledge of financialinvestment.D. She prefers to have her purchases packed in small boxes.【答案】8. B 9. A 10. D 11. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲了作者为了减少一次性产品的使用，而建了一个环保厨房，并且改变了自己很多生活习惯，使用更环保的产品。【8题详解】细节理
33、解题。从文中“A year ago, I decided to create a more environmentally friendly kitchen, focusing on reducing the single-use products such as plastic bags and paper towels.”一年前，作者想要建一个环保的厨房，这样就可减少使用像塑料袋和纸巾这样的一次性产品。由此可知，作者创建厨房的主要目的是减少浪费和更多的循环利用。故选B项。【9题详解】词义猜测题。从文中“It takes com mitment and a willingness to ch
34、ange long-held habits.”可知，作者建环保厨房，改变一个长期的生活习惯是他自己承诺和心甘情愿地，而并不是让自己的经历变得更有吸引力。所以sugarcoat是使有吸引力的意思。故选A项。【10题详解】细节理解题。从文中“I tried a lot of different alternative products and some plain old com mon sense； the result, however, has been worth the effort. Im recycling more and relying less on single-use pr
35、oducts and Im saving money too.”可知，在这个厨房里，作者试着使用许多替换产品和一些普通旧的东西，最终他重复使用的次数变多了，而且对一次性产品的依赖越来越少，同时也节省了钱。结合选项，在创建她的厨房时，作者选择了可循环利用或可多次使用的厨房用品，故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。从文中“Im a clean freak and used to go through an amount of paper towels on a daily basis, but its easy enough to take old T-shirts or towels and c
36、ut them up to use to wipe down surfaces.”可知，作者曾经习惯每天使用一定数量的纸巾，但是现在作者用旧衣服或者毛巾，而B项是说作者现在习惯使用传统的纸巾，与文章不符合，排除B项；从文中“Switching to reusable storage bags is a financial investment, but the cos is reasonable considering that I previously spent at least $ 100 annually on single-use plastic bags and wrap. I w
37、illcheck online periodically for recycling updates”可知，作者认为改用可重复使用的打包袋来说，虽然也是一种金融投资，但相比之前，至少花100美金来买一次性的塑料袋和包装来说，其成本也比较合理，可见作者并没有很通晓金融投资，故C项错误；从文中“When purchasing household items online from companies like Amazon or Jet, I will ask to have them shipped in as few boxes as possible or as small a box as
38、 possible if a single item is to be sent.”可知，作者在网上购物时，会让卖家尽可能用最少的盒子或者最小的盒子来包装他买的东西，作者是根据自己所买东西来确定使用包装盒子的数量和大小，而并不是他偏爱用小盒子包装他的东西，显然D项与原文不符，故D项被排除；而从文中第一段“A year ago, I decided to create a more environmentally friendly kitchen, focusing on reducing the single-use products such as plastic bags and pape
39、r towels.”可知作者为了减少一次性产品的使用，而建了一个环保的厨房，所以从文中我们可知作者是一个环保意很强的人，故选A项。【点睛】阅读理解里的推理判断题对考生而言相对有一些难度，要求考生在推理前一定要忠于原文，所以在做这类题时，考生一定要先把选项与原文进行匹配，看是否与原文提供信息一致，然后在原文的基础上进行合理推理。如第4小题里选项D，从文中“When purchasing household items online from companies like Amazon or Jet, I will ask to have them shipped in as few boxes
40、as possible or as small a box as possible if a single item is to be sent.”可知，作者在网上购物时，会让卖家尽可能用最少的盒子或者最小的盒子来包装他买的东西，作者是根据自己所买东西来确定使用包装盒子的数量和大小，而并不是他偏爱用小盒子包装他的东西，显然D项与原文不符，故D项错误。DA new study, a project of the researchers from the University of Pittsburgh in Pennsylvania, finds the fitness tracker prob
41、ably does not help with weight loss.The devices are designed to record your physical activity. They are usually worn around the wrist, where they measure a persons heart rate. The research team looked at two groups of individuals. The first wore a fitness tracker and took part in health counseling (
42、咨询) with experts to consider the best weight-loss plan. The researchers compared this group with people who only got health counseling.The study found that those only speaking with the health experts lost nearly 6 kilograms, but those using a fitness tracker lost only 3.5 kilograms. John Jakicic, th
43、e lead researcher, questioned the use of electronic devices for weight control in place of “effective behavioral counseling for physical activity and diet. ”The study involved 470 subjects aged between 18 and 35. Some of them were overweight, while others were considered obese (肥胖). Over three fourt
44、hs of the subjects were women. All the subjects were told to increase physical activity and start on a low-calorie diet. They had their weight measured once every six months. After six months, researchers divided the group into two parts: one continued with monthly counseling, while members of the o
45、ther group were given a fitness tracker. Eighteen months later, both groups “showed significant improvements in fitness, physical activity, and diet,” with no major difference between groups. However, when it came to losing weight, the people who only spoke with experts lost nearly twice as much wei
46、ght.Jakicic said, “the studys findings are important because effective long-term treatments are needed to address Americas obesity. ” More information is needed, he added, to learn how to best use these devices to change “physical activity and diet behaviors” in adults who want to lose weight.12. Al
47、l the subjects in the study were asked to _.A. start on a high-calorie dietB. wear a fitness trackerC. increase physical activitiesD. record their heart rates13. Why does Jakicic think the findings are important?A. Wearing fitness trackers hardly helps people lose weight.B. Physical activity and die
48、t have no effect on weight loss.C. Handling obesity requires effective long-term treatments.D. There are great differences in fitness between both groups.14. What can we infer about the study mentioned in the text?A. The study went on for about two years.B. More than 120 men took part in the study.C. Health counseling helps lose almost 6 kilograms.D. Wearing a fitness tracker is useful for keeping slim.15. The purpose of the text is to _.A describe how the researchers were conducting the studyB. indicate regular counseling for weight control is n