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1、2022年浙江专升本英语真题 - 浙江专升本选取题部分 Part I Reading Comprehension(60 marks,60 minutes)Section A Passage Reading(每题2分，共50分) Format I Passage One Questions 1-5 are based on the following passage. Three billion people,around 40%of the worlds population,use online social media and are spending an average of two
2、hours every day sharing,liking tweeting(发推文) and updating on these platforms,according to some reports.That breaks down to around half a million tweets and Snapchat photos shared every minute With social media playing such a big part in our lives,could we be sacrificing our mental health and well-be
3、ing as well as our time?Since social media is relatively new to us conclusive findings are limited.Actually this is a fast-growing area of research,and clues are beginning to appear.Here are some of the findings: MOON A good or bad mood may spread between people on social media,according to research
4、ers from the University of California ANXIETY Researchers have looked at general anxiety caused by social media,such as feelings of restlessness and worry,and trouble sleeping and concentrating.A study published in the journal Computers and Human Behavior found that people who report using seven or
5、more than three time as likely as people using less than two platforms to have high levels of anxiety.However,its unclear how social media causes anxiety. SLEEP Humans used to spend their evenings in darkness,but now we re surrounded by artificial lighting all day night.Research has found the this c
6、an reduce the body s production of the hormone melatonin(褪黑素)which helps sleep. ADDICTION A few researchers point out that social media addiction may be harder to resist that cigarettes and alcohol. It s clear that in many areas,not enough is known yet to draw many strong conclusions. However,the ev
7、idence does point one way:social media affects people differently,depending on pre-existing conditions and personality traits. 1.How many hours do people spend online on average?A.Two.B.Three C.Four D.Five 2.What does the study in Computers and Human Behavior find about people using more social medi
8、a? A.They suffer more from anxiety. B.They become more absent-minded. C.They suffer less from troubled sleep. D.They become more friendly to others. 3.The underlined word this in Paragraph Four probably refers to? A.daylight B.artificial lighting C.melatonin D.social media. 4.Social media affects pe
9、ople differently,depending on. A.understanding of social media B.the social media platforms used C.the time spent on social media D.pre-conditions and characters 5.What is the theme of this passage? A.Why people go online. B.Who uses social platforms. C.How many people go online every day. D.How onl
10、ine activities affect mental health. Passage Two Questions 6-10 are based on the following passage. Antibiotics(抗生素)are one of the miracles of modern medicine.They have saved countless lives.But there s another side to them.The bacteria(细菌)that live in our body have learned how to outwit many of our
11、 most powerful antibiotics.These drug resistant bacteria are called superbugs. Here s how a bug becomes a superbug.When you take in antibiotic,there could be some bacteria that know how to resist that antibiotic.Those smart bacteria are the ones that survive antibiotics and they flourish.And that s
12、when you get a sharp increase of superbugs.And the more we take antibiotics,the more chances the bacteria have to become resistant to them. So,in the words of the latest CDC(Center for Disease Control)report,some miracle drugs no longer perform miracles,but it did come with some good news.The report
13、 says the number of deaths and infections caused by germs that resist antibiotics is decreasing.It dropped 18 percent between 2020 and now.And the number of infections caught in hospitals is down. The bad news,according to the CDC,is that there are still too many germs that resist antibiotics,and th
14、at they can be caught anywhere in the community.The report says the answer isn t in developing more powerful antibiotics,but in using them less often.The CDC estimates that as many as one-third of the antibiotics prescriptions given in emergency rooms and doctors offices aren t needed,but it doesn t
15、 entirely blame doctors for this,because it can be hard for them to tell when someone has a bacteria infection,or which antibiotics could be good. 6.According to the passage.What have saved many lives? A.Operations. B.Miracles. C.Antibiotics D.Germs 7.The underlined word“flourish in Paragraph Two pr
16、obably means A.develop quickly B.decrease sharply C.die suddenly D.run slowly 8.The number of deaths and infections caused by germs that resist antibiotics dropped A.one third B.one half C.18 percent D.81 percent 9.According to the CDC report,how should we deal with the antibiotics-resistant germs?
17、A.Giving better prescriptions,B Using antibiotics less often C.Catching germs in the community. D.Developing more powerful antibiotics. 10.What is the main idea of this passage? A.We should use as many antibiotics as possible. B.Antibiotics are effective despite drug-resistant germs. C.Antibiotics a
18、re the greatest invention in human history. D.Antibiotics have more positive aspects than negative effects. Passage Three Questions 11-15 are based on the following passage. New research suggests that planting trees and oilier plants near factories could reduce pollution by almost one-third.The addi
19、tion of plant life may even cost less and be more effective than technology,designed to cut pollution,a new study found.The findings were reported in the publication Environmental Science Technology.The lead author of the study was Bhavik Bakshi,a professor at the Ohio State University. Bakshi and o
20、ther researchers collected data about air pollution and plant life in 48 of the 50 American states.They studied public records from every state other than Alaska and Hawaii.The study attempted to show how the vegetation(植被)could reduce the mast common pollutants(污染物)from industrial areas,including t
21、he production of energy from coal,oil and gas. The research found that restoring vegetation to land cover could cut air pollutant levels an average of 27 percent in the areas studied They also found that in 75 percent of the areas,it would cost less to use plants and trees to reduce air pollution th
22、an to add new air cleaning technology. Bakshi said that nature-based methods could result in“win-winsolutions that save money and are better for the environment.It found that only one piece of equipment was estimated to be more cost-effective than trees and plants.That device is an industrial boiler
23、. The study did not identify which kinds of trees or plants would be best at reducing air pollution.But Bakshi said the kind of vegetation likely would make a difference in air quality and that further study is needed. The researchers predicted that the addition of trees and plants could help lower
24、air pollution levels in both cities and rural areas.However,success rates would differ widely depending on how much land is available and current air quality levels. 1.How did the researchers conduct the research? A.They gave up the out-dated public records. B.They gathered information on pollution
25、and plants. C.They did experiments in the Ohio State University. D.They studied data on technology in science journals. 2.could cut air pollutant levels. A.Expanding rural areas B.Developing Alaska and Hawaii C Producing more coal,oil and gas D.Bringing buck vegetation to land cover 3.What is more c
26、ost-effective than trees and plants? A.New energy. B.An industrial boiler C.The nature-based method D.New cleaning technology 4.The underlined phrase make a difference in Paragraph Five probably means A.be effective B.be productive C.take place D.stand out 5.What docs the pas sage mainly tell us? A.
27、New technology can benefit the environment. B.Air pollution has worsened in the United States. C.Adding plant life cuts pollution and reduces cost D.Different trees contribute differently to the environment. Passage Four Questions 16-20 are based on the following passage. Social scientists believe t
28、hat names influence personality,how were perceived(认 知)，and even our physical appearances,In tum,our appearances impact how other people perceive us,which again affects how we feel and see ourselves.Psychologists believe there s a relationship between internals and externals that shapes us. The rese
29、archers from Hebrew University in Jerusalem decided to test whether stereotypes(刻板印象)and labels have an effect on physical appearance.That is to say,they wanted to find out if the name a person is given at birth influences later physicality. The study hypothesized that this early label marks all tho
30、se who bear the same name similarly,so much so that other people can match name to face based on expectation of how someone with a certain name is likely to look.In other words name stereotypes show physically in facial appearance.The research team found that both people and computers could pick the
31、 right name for a given face with more accuracy than would result from chance.That means common ideas of how a person with a certain name would look were correct-there was a right name for a type of face. Face-name matching likely works on many levels,the study suggests.Because we have shared ideas
32、of what names mean,people with those names may“grow into them by adapting expected behavior,facial expressions,and looks,and others will also have certain expectations.Say your name is Rose.Social expectations may direct you to act womanly,smile gently,wear dresses,and grow your hair long.This is pe
33、rhaps unconsciously expected more of a woman named for a flower than one who goes by Alex,a name that in the US is common for males and females.Alex may feel freer to bend gender stereotypes than Rose. 6.Part of the job of a psychologist might be to study. A.how to improve people s behavior B.how to
34、 change people s appearances C.the relationship between mind and behavior D.the relationship between knowledge and looks 7.The underlined word“hypothesized in Paragraph Three probably means. A.supposed B.displayed C.doubted D.opposed 8.What docs the example about the name of Roe and Ales indicate? A
35、.Men and women are affected differently by their mums B.A girl with a boys name will not grow into a gentle woman. C.There is little relationship between one s name and behavior. D.Shared ideas of names may influence how we look and behave 9.What is the author s attitude towards the study? A.Pleased
36、 B.Unbelieving. C.Surprised D.Objective 10.What is the main idea of the passage? A.A good name may bring good luck. B.Your name might influence your appearance. C.People name babies according to their appearance. D.Some names are more proper for women than others. Format Directions:In the following
37、passage,some sentences have been removed.For questions 2125,choose the most suitable one from the list AG to fit into each of the numbered blanks.There are two extra choices,which do not fit into any of the gaps.You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on The Answer
38、Sheet.(10 marks) Do you often feel tired in the morning even though you ve been in bed for seven or eight hours the night before?Like many people,you are not sleeping as much as you think you are 21.There is no specific number for efficiency that s been proven as linked to poor health However,accord
39、ing to a New York Times report about sleep quality,some experts estimate a rough number of 83 percent or above as a decent place to be: 22. Avoid blue light at night.Short wavelength blue light,sent out by the sun and by the screens of computers,iPods and smart-phones,makes you feel more alert.Blue
40、light tells your brain it s daytime.23.You can also try installing apps that can filter(过滤)blue light on your devices. 24.Go to bed and wake up at relatively the same time.Consistency(连 贯性)is key to a good night s sleep,especially when it comes to waking up.When you have a regular wake-up time,your
41、brain gets used to this and moves through the sleep cycle in preparation for you to feel rested and alert at your wake up time.Roughly an hour before you wake,hormone levels increase gradually,causing you to become more alert. Take naps One of the biggest peaks in melatonin production happens during
42、 the 1 to 3 pm time frame. 25.If you aren t getting enough sleep at night,you re likely to feel an overwhelming desire to sleep in the afternoon.When this happens,youre better off taking a short nap than resorting to caffeine or strong tea to keep you awake.A short nap will give you the rest you nee
43、d to get through the rest of the afternoon,and you ll sleep much better in the evening than if you take a long afternoon nap. A.Keep a consistent sleep schedule. B. Sleep efficiency is the percentage of time you actually sleep. C.In other words,you feel most sleepy in the morning. D.It explains why
44、most people feel sleepy in the afternoon. E.People find that it is difficult to sleep well. F.Here are some tips for improving sleep efficiency. G.Turn off your computers and phones before bed. Section B Banked Cloze(每题1分，共10分) Directions:In this section,there is a passage with ten blanks.You are re
45、quired to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Please blacken the corresponding letter for each choice on The Answer Sheet.You may not use any of the words in the word bank more
46、than once.(10 points) Scientists who found the worlds oceans were warming faster than they preciously believed,have said their studies had errors.The study,published in Nature,found that“_(26)warming is at the high end of previous estimates .The researchers used precise measurements between 1991 and 2021 to estimate