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1、Supplementary information Energy Efficiency in the Japanese Steel IndustryEnergy Efficiency in the Japanese Steel Industry February 25,2008 The Japan Iron and Steel Federation 1.Methods for properly determining steel industry energy efficiency 1.Methods for properly determining steel industry energy
2、 efficiency During the steelmaking process,energy is consumed for the production of steel while being simultaneously converted for the production of coke,recovery of byproduct gasses,recovery of exhaust heat,generation of electricity and other purposes.That means a unified evaluation covering energy
3、 consumption and conversion is needed in order to accurately determine the steel industrys energy efficiency.In addition,for international evaluations,it is vital to precisely match boundary terms such as the scope of the evaluation and the evaluation coefficients.If a steel industry energy efficien
4、cy evaluation were performed without using uniform rules for statistics,the evaluation would produce a conclusion that is completely different from the actual situation.In“IEA Energy Statistics,”which is produced by the International Energy Agency,the above“Energy Consumption(Final Consumption)”and“
5、Energy Conversion”are presented separately.Furthermore,each country is allowed to use its own methods for dividing energy consumption and conversion,resulting in a large number of different approaches.As a result,only the IEAs Final Energy Consumption can be used to compare the energy efficiencies o
6、f different countries.Even in the IEA report(Tracking Industrial Energy Efficiency and CO2 Emissions,IEA 2007),there are separate sections in“IEA Statistics”for the steel industry for coke ovens,blast furnaces and other uses of energy.However,an analysis revealed the need to improve these statistics
7、,which are based on information from individual countries.For example,in some cases,energy used for steel production is categorized as“other industries.”This creates problems such as an underestimation of energy consumption or the conclusion that an inappropriate amount of byproduct energy for power
8、 generation is being used for the steel industry.Therefore,individuals must pay attention to these problems when making simple comparisons based on“Energy Final Consumption”of the IEAs energy statistics.Currently,the“Asia Pacific Partnership(APP)Concerning Clean Development and Climate,”an organizat
9、ion made up of public and private-sector individuals from seven countries,including the U.S.,China,India and Japan,and International Iron and Steel Institute(IISI),which brings together the worlds major steelmakers from the U.K.,Germany,France and many other countries,are working on a set of unified
10、 rules for international benchmarking that can be the basis for approaches used for specific industries.However,this process is based on the major premise that final energy consumption and energy conversion will be evaluated together as a single unit.Unified evaluation scope and coefficients will be
11、 established based on this combination of consumption and conversion.If this evaluation system is used,the outstanding efficiency of Japans steel industry will be obvious.This is because the combined consumption-conversion method will accurately reflect all of the hard work of Japanese steel 1compan
12、ies to devise ways to recover and effectively use exhaust heat and byproduct gases.2.Energy efficiency in the Japanese steel industry 2.Energy efficiency in the Japanese steel industry The Japanese steel industry has already made public a large volume of information about energy efficiency.The most
13、recent document was announced in January 2008 by the Research Institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth(RITE).In this January 2008 report,16 other reports along with IEA energy statistics are used to produce an international comparison of energy efficiency using a combined evaluation of energ
14、y consumption and conversion.The report gives Japans steel industry an energy efficiency of 0.59 tons-oil/tons-crude steel.This is 15%to 20%better than the steel industry energy efficiency in Germany(0.69),France(0.71)and Britain(0.72),making Japan the worlds most efficient steel industry.Furthermor
15、e,a 2007 international thesis collection called Energy Economics included a report on the results of a survey concerning the diffusion rate of energy conservation equipment at steel companies in different countries.Based on this survey,the diffusion rate of energy conservation equipment at Japanese
16、steel companies is far higher than in any other country.In addition,the January 2008 RITE report presents data concerning the potential CO2 reduction if all countries in the world started using Japanese energy conservation technologies.APP,IISI and other international organizations all recognize Jap
17、ans steel industry as the world leader in energy conservation.International Comparison of Steel Industry Energy EfficiencyInternational Comparison of Steel Industry Energy Efficiency 1)Unit Energy Consumption in Steel Industry Japan ranks higher than theU.K.,Germany,France and allother countries in
18、terms ofenergy efficiency at integratedsteel mills.Japans leadership isdue in large part to theextensive use of exhaust heatrecovery equipment and thehigh utilization rate ofbyproduct gases.Russia India France Germany Japan AustraliaKoreaChina U.K U.S.Canada 10.80.60.400.2 t-oil/t-crude iron 0.590.8
19、00.780.760.630.790.690.710.720.750.74Source:International Comparison of Energy Efficiency(Power Generation,Steelmaking and Cement),RITE,2008(Japanese translation and numbers by JISF)22)Diffusion Rate of Energy Conservation Equipment in Steel Industry 0%20406080100%CCCapacity share of facilityin tota
20、l BOF steel productionontinuouscastingOG recovery LDG recoveryCDQTRTJapanKoreaEU(15)USChinaIndia連続鋳造炉回収転炉回収高炉炉頂圧回収発電(TRT)乾式火設備(CDQ消)Coke drying fire extinguishing(CDQ)Blast furnace top pressure recovery power generation(TRT)Basic oxygen furnace gas recovery Coke oven gas recovery EU(15)India 中国China
21、 米国U.S.韓国Korea 日本設備装備率Energy conservation equipment diffusion rate Continuous Casting Japan The diffusion rate of exhaust heatrecovery equipment(CDQ,TRT)ismuch higher in Japan than inEurope and the U.S.Furthermore,Japan is clearly ahead of othercountries in the recovery ofbyproduct gases(coke oven g
22、asesand basic oxygen furnace gases).Source:Diffusion of energy efficient technologies and CO2 emission reductions in iron and steel sector(ODA et al,Energy Economics,Vol.29,No.4,pp 868-888,2007)(Japanese translation by JISF)3)Potential CO2 Emission Reduction in Global Steel Industry (millions tons o
23、f CO2/year)CO2 Crude steel unit energy consumption StandardRussiaIndia ChinaAustralia KoreaFrance GermanyJapanU.K.CanadaU.S.8090706050403020100462080551687955There would be a large reductionin CO2 emissions if all othercountries could reach Japanslevel of energy efficiency.UsingJapanese energy conservationtechnology on a global scalewould clearly make a bigcontribution to slowing globalwarming.Source:International Comparison of Energy Efficiency(Power Generation,Steelmaking and Cement),RITE,2008(Japanese translation and numbers by JISF)3