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1、The Object Clause宾语从句宾语从句The object clause宾语从句宾语从句定义：定义：复合句中，复合句中，放在动词或放在动词或介词后充当宾语的句子介词后充当宾语的句子叫宾叫宾语从句。语从句。e.g.Could you please tell me what we need to buy?Studying aims1.understand the meaning of the object clause.2.grasp it and use it correctly.Learn by yourselvesPlease read the points on P143.(5
2、 minutes.)1 meaning:?2 Which ponits should we pay attention to?宾语从句三要素：宾语从句三要素：一、一、引导词引导词 二、二、语序语序 三、三、时态时态 一、引导词一、引导词宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型：宾语从句根据引导词的不同可分为三种类型：（看从句）（看从句）从句是陈述句从句是陈述句 (口语中常省略）口语中常省略）从句是一般疑问句从句是一般疑问句从句是特殊疑问句从句是特殊疑问句We know that we should learn from each other.Please tell me if/whether y
3、ou have been to America.that if/whether（是否）（是否）wh/how(即特殊疑问词即特殊疑问词)Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?If/whether（是否）的区别（是否）的区别一般情况下，一般情况下，if 和和whether可以互换，但以可以互换，但以下下4种情况只能用种情况只能用whether：在不定式前：在不定式前：Whether to go there or not hasnt been decided.在介词前：在介词前：It depends on(依靠依靠)whether it i
4、s going to rain.与与or not连用：连用：They are talking about whether to go there or not.做主语从句：做主语从句：Whether he is right isnt important.主语主语 从句是特殊疑问句从句是特殊疑问句,当主句的主语或宾语当主句的主语或宾语与从句主语是一致与从句主语是一致,可简化成可简化成:特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+to do.Can you tell me how I can get to the nearest post office？Can you tell me how to get to the
5、 nearest post office？填写合适的引导词填写合适的引导词 1.Can you tell me_ you were born,Betty?A.who B.what C.when D.that 2.I dont know _ they have passed the exam.A.what B.if C.when D.where 3.I hardly understand _ he has told me.A.that B.what C.which D.who 4.He asked me _told me the accident.A whom B which C who D w
6、hose 5.He asked his friend _ to go there or not.A.if B whether C.what D.that CCBBB二、语序二、语序 Does he work hard？I wonder.I wonder if he works hard.或或I wonder whether he works hard.When did he leave？I dont know.I dont know when he left.陈述句语序陈述句语序即：即：连词主语谓语动词连词主语谓语动词陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈陈述句变为宾语从句，语序不变，即仍用陈
7、述语序。如：述语序。如：He is an honest boy.The teacher said.The teacher said（that）he was an honest boy.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句，语序变为陈述语序。如：变为陈述语序。如：Whats the matter?(怎么了怎么了?)等等,在作宾语从句时在作宾语从句时,语序不变语序不变.如如:Could you tell me whats the matter?可以告诉我怎么了吗可以告诉我怎么了吗?下列宾语丛句的语序是否正确。下列宾语丛句的语序是否正确。1.I think th
8、at he will come to China next year.2.I want to know if he was at home yesterday.3.Can you tell me where does your mother work?4.Do you know who can answer the question?5.Please tell us where is the hospital?your mother works the hospital is三、时态 如果主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如果主句是现在的时态，从句的时态可根据实际情况而定。如：如
9、：I have heard（that）he _(come)back next week.如果主句是过去的某种时态，那么从句的时态一定要用过去如果主句是过去的某种时态，那么从句的时态一定要用过去的某种时态。的某种时态。（看主句看主句）注意：注意：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一般现在时从句都要用一般现在时。如：如：He said that light travels much faster than sound.We wonder when he _(start)learning Engl
10、ish.He told me he _(can)swim.couldstartedwill comeThe teacher asked him what he _(do)at seven yesterday.was doingMy friend asked me when I _ (leave)for Beijing.would leave或或 was leaving He told me that he _(be)to Shanghai twice.had beenCould you tell me how he _(go)to school every day?goesCould you
11、tell me+宾语从句？表达的是委婉的语气，是一般现在时。宾语从句？表达的是委婉的语气，是一般现在时。e.g.1.The teacher said the sun rises in the east.2.She said light travels faster than sound.3.He said the earth is round.4.She said the earth goes around the sun.5.He said three quarters of the earth is covered with the water.4.时态练习时态练习1 The girls
12、asked if they _ some food and drink with them.A.took B.take C.takes D.will take2Mary said that she _ to Guangzhou.A.has never gone B.had never gone C.has never been D.had never been3Could you tell me whether they_ dictation(听写听写today.A.had B.has.C.will have D.are4 She asked Linda if_ go and get some
13、.A.could she B.she could C.she can D.she may5 Linda said the moon_ round the earth.A.traveled B.has traveled C.travels D.had traveledADCBC其它问题其它问题 did sheI dont think he is serious,_?is heI believe he can finish it on time,_?cant he否定的转移否定的转移：当主句的谓语动词是当主句的谓语动词是think,believe,guess,suppose等词等词 时，其后面的宾
14、语从句的否定应转移到主句上。时，其后面的宾语从句的否定应转移到主句上。如：如：I dont think he is right.我认为他不对。我认为他不对。附加疑问句（反意疑问句）：附加疑问句（反意疑问句）：1.一般根据主句的谓语动词判断：一般根据主句的谓语动词判断：如：如：She didnt say that he would come here,_?2.当主句主语为当主句主语为I（我），主句动词为（我），主句动词为suppose,believe，think等，则根据从句判断，但肯、否定形式根据主句判断：等，则根据从句判断，但肯、否定形式根据主句判断：标点符号的确定标点符号的确定：带有宾语从
15、句的主从复合句的标点符号带有宾语从句的主从复合句的标点符号取决于主句取决于主句。主句是主句是 陈述句陈述句:.He asked me where I went just now.问句：问句：？Do you know when hell be back?综合练习综合练习(各地中考题各地中考题)1.In the bookshop,a reader asked the shop keeper _ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book.A.that B.how C.what D.if 2.-I dont know _ Mr.Green will com
16、e to see us.-He will help us with our English.A.why B.when C.how D.where 3.-We never know _ the old man is.-They say he is a teacher.A.what B.who C.which D.where 4.-Do you know _?Im going to see him.-Sorry,I dont know.A.where does Mr.Li live B.where did Mr.Li live C.where Mr.Li lives D.where Mr.Li l
17、ived 5.I dont feel very well.Mum asked me _ this morning.A.what the matter is B.what is wrong C.what the matter was D.what was the matter 6.-Where is Jack?-He is away to spend his holiday.Hes gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan,but Im not sure _.A.that B.which C.where D.there AADDCC谁动了我的奶酪谁动了我的奶酪1.我
18、不知道飞机为什么晚点了我不知道飞机为什么晚点了.I did nt know_the plane_ _.2.他问我会议什么时候开始他问我会议什么时候开始.He asked me _the meeting _ _.3.没人知道他是什么时候出生的没人知道他是什么时候出生的.No one knows _he _ _.4.老师告诉学生们太阳比月亮大老师告诉学生们太阳比月亮大The teacher told his students the sun _ _than the moon.5.我不能肯定他来还是不来我不能肯定他来还是不来.Im not sure _ he _ _ or not.whywas la
19、tewhenwould beginwhenwas bornis biggerwhetherwill comeFill in the blanks.宾语从句三注意：宾语从句三注意：一、引导词一、引导词 if/whether区别区别 特殊疑问句的简化：疑问词特殊疑问句的简化：疑问词+to do二、语序二、语序 what is the matter?（怎么了？）语序不变（怎么了？）语序不变三三、时态、时态如宾语从句表客观真理或自然现象如宾语从句表客观真理或自然现象,仍用一般现在时仍用一般现在时Could you tell me?否定转移否定转移在在think,believe,suppose,imagine等动词所跟的宾语中，如等动词所跟的宾语中，如果从句谓语是否定的，一般要将否定词果从句谓语是否定的，一般要将否定词not转移至主句谓语上去，转移至主句谓语上去，而将从句谓语改为肯定形式。如：而将从句谓语改为肯定形式。如：I dont think he has time to play with girl.我认为他没时间和女孩玩。我认为他没时间和女孩玩。SummaryHomework1.Finish the exercises on P144.2.Review the points of this part.Its never too old to learn.ThanksThanks