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1、四级翻译2011.687.Theuniversityauthoritiesdidnotapprovetheregulation,_(也没有解释为什么).nor did they make any explanation/nor did they give the reason for doing so本题考察了两个知识点。本题考察了两个知识点。nor的倒装句用法,的倒装句用法,后半句表示后半句表示“也不也不”的否定意义,注意助动词的的否定意义,注意助动词的时态与上半句保持一致;时态与上半句保持一致;对某事做出解释的表对某事做出解释的表达,考察了汉译英中动词转名词的技巧,达,考察了汉译英中动词转
2、名词的技巧,explain explanation,或者,或者nor did they give the reason for doing so同样可以。同样可以。88.Janeistiredofdealingwithcustomercomplaintsandwishesthatshe_(能被分配做另一项工作)could be assigned(to)another job本题考察了本题考察了wish从句的虚拟语气用法从句的虚拟语气用法(cancould)和)和“分配某人做某事分配某人做某事”的的词组搭配,词组搭配,assign sb.to sth.或者或者assign sb.sth.89.J
3、ohnrescuedthedrowningchild_(冒着自己生命危险).at the risk of his own life本题考察了本题考察了“冒着冒着的危险的危险/风险做某事风险做某事”的词组搭配,可以用的词组搭配,可以用at the risk/expense of ones own life(冒着某人的生命危险做(冒着某人的生命危险做某事)某事)90.Georgecalledhisbossfromtheairportbutit_(接电话的却是他的助手)was his assistant who answered/picked up the phone;turned out that
4、 his assistant answered/picked up the phone该句比较灵活,在句法上,既可以使用强调句结该句比较灵活,在句法上,既可以使用强调句结构,也可以采用构,也可以采用turn out的惯用搭配;在的惯用搭配;在“接电接电话话”的表达上,可以用的表达上,可以用pick up/answer the phone。强调句结构为。强调句结构为it be sb.who do sth.,而而turn out变化则较多,可以用变化则较多,可以用turn out to be sb.who do sth.或者或者turn out+that+从句。从句。91.Althoughhewa
5、sinterestedinphilosophy,_(他的父亲说服他)majoringinlaw.his father persuaded him into/talked him into本题考察“说服某人做某事”的表达,persuade/talksb.intodoingsth.2010.1287._(为了确保他参加会议),Icalledhimupinadvance.解析:InordertoensurehimtoattendthemeetingToensurehisattendanceatthemeeting【结构分析】本题句子的主干“Icalledhimupinadvance”已经给出,无需翻
6、译,需要翻译部分为“为了确保他能参加会议”。该部分在句子中作目的状语【考点解释】本题考查是目的状语。目的状语可以由to/inorderto来引导。确保ensuresbtodo确保某人做某事,ensuresth确保某事【原句精释】为了确保他参加会议,我已经提前给他电话了。88.Thesignificantmuseum_(据说建成于)aboutahundredyearsago.解析:issaidtohavebeenbuilt【结构分析】本题句子的主语为thesignificantmuseum,缺谓语,即(据说建成于)aboutahundredyearsago为时间状语。【考点解释】本题重点考查:被
7、动语态。主语museum与动词build之间为被动关系;且bulid这一动作发生在过去。据说besaidto;besaidto+动词不定式的完成时,表示不定式表示的动作已经完成。【原句精释】据说这座意义深远的博物馆大约建成于一百年前。89.Therewouldbenolifeonearth_(没有地球独特的环境)。解析:withoutitsuniqueenvironmentbutforitsuniqueenvironment【结构分析】本题句子含有Therebe结构。主干完整,there主语,wouldbe谓语,nolife表语,onearth地点状语【考点解释】本题重点考查:without的
8、用法without是介词,后接名词;同时,表示“没有”,除without外,还可用butfor;单词拼写uniqueadj.独特;environmentn.环境当名词重复出现时,可适当使用代词,避免重复。【原句精释】没有地球独特的环境,地球上就不会有生命。90._(给游客印象最深的)wasthefriendlinessandwarmthofthelocalpeople.解析:Whatimpressedthetouristsmost【结构分析】本题句子为主系表结构,主语即考查部分,was系动词,剩余部分为表语。【考点解释】本题重点考查what引导的主语从句;what可引导句子充当主语;impre
9、ss用法给留下印象impresssb;最高级的用法most;结合考点,可推出“给印象最深”为impresssbmost【原句精释】当地人的友善与热情给游客们留下了最深的印象。91.Theyrequestedthat_(我借的书还回图书馆)bynextFriday.解析:booksIborrowed(should)bereturnedtothelibraryI(should)returnthebookIborrowedtothelibrary【结构分析】本题句子的主干部分分别是they主语,request谓语,后接that引导的宾语从句。【考点解释】request的用法。requestv.要求;
10、当request表示“要求”时,引导的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气,即(should)+动词原形。定语从句。“我借的书”,thebook(that)Iborrowed;单词的拼写。归还return,借borrow,图书馆library本题就此题提供了两个版本的答案,但在表示“规定,规则”时,被动语态更为常用。【原句精释】他们要求我在下周五之前把借的书还回图书馆。2010.687Becauseofthenoiseoutside,Nancyhadgreatdifficulty_(集中注意力在实验上)。本题考查两个短语的用法,一个是havedifficulty(in)doingsth,该短语中,后面的动词
11、要用现在分词形式。第二个短语是集中注意力,与此对应的有多个短语,如:focus/fixonesattentionon,concentrateon。翻译时需和前面短语的用法结合起来,把动词变成ing形式。(in)concentratingontheexperiment/focusingherattentionontheexperiment.88Themanagerneverlaughed;neither_(她也从来没有发过脾气)本题考查neither的倒装用法,以及发脾气这个短语,发脾气可以说becomeangry,也可以用loseonestemper。didshebecomeangry/did
12、shelosehertemperbefore.89Welookforwardto_(被邀请出席开幕式)本题考查lookforwardto的用法,后面要跟名词或者动词的ing形式,而且要注意后边是被邀请所以要用被动语态。beinginvitedtoattendtheopeningceremony.90Itissuggestedthattheairconditioner_(要安装在窗户旁)。本题考查Itissuggestedthat结构中主语从句中要用虚拟语气的用法,即should+动词原形,should可以省略。(should)befixed/installedbythewindow91The1
13、6-year-oldgirldecidedtotravelabroadonherowndespite_(她父母的强烈反对)。本题考查despite的用法,注意despite是介词,后边应该跟名词或者名词短语。thestrongoppositionofherparents/herparentsstrongopposition.2009.1287.You would not have failed if_(按照我的指按照我的指令去做令去做)【参考答案参考答案】you had followed my instructions 或者或者you had followed my orders。【权威解析权
14、威解析】本题较为容易,属于识记型题目。考点有三个:第一是按照所给出的汉语提示,由于主句和从句的主语是一致的,因此在做答案的时候应该在从句中补全主语you,很多学生出现遗漏,就按照汉语意思直译了,造成不必要的失分;第二是固定搭配“按照。的指令”表达为followmyinstructions或者是followmyorders注意多样化的表达,两者选其一就可以;第三个考点是if从句的虚拟语气考查;根据语法规定,如果主句中出现would+have的形式,从句中应该采用had+过去分词的结构;综上,很容易得出答案youhadfollowedmyinstructions。88.Despitethehard
15、shipheencountered,Marknever_(放弃对知识的追求)【参考答案参考答案】abandonedthepursuitofknowledge【权威解析权威解析】本题的考点主要有两个:首先根据句子的已知部分判断,需要填写的部分应该采用过去时,这一点大家一定要注意;其次,考查固定搭配,1)“放弃做某事”abandonsth;“知识的追求的表达是thepursuitofknowledge”,综上,得出正确答案。在句子的已知部分,encounterthehardship也是非常重要的固定搭配,意思为“遇到困难”。89.Scientistsagreethatitwillbealongti
16、mebefore_(我们找到治愈癌症的方法)【参考答案参考答案】wefindthecureforcancer。【权威解析权威解析】首先根据句子的已知部分,可以判断出填写的部分用一般现在时;其次,要注意汉语提示部分是“治愈”而不是“治疗”,因此要用cure而不能用treat,这就提醒我们学习单词的时候一定要注意细节,否则用错了,分数就丢掉了;所以,本题的正确答案是wefindthecureforcancer90.Production has to be increased considerably to _.(与消费者不断增长的需求与消费者不断增长的需求保持同步保持同步)【参考答案参考答案】ke
17、ep pace with the constantly growing needs of consumers。【权威解析权威解析】本题的核心考点主要有两个:第一,固定搭配“与。保持同步”,可以表达为keeppacewith.或者是keepupwith;其次,固定表达“不断增长的”,可以表达为growing或者rising或者increasing,选其一就可以;综上,正确答案是keeppacewiththeconstantlygrowingneedsofconsumers。91.The more exercise you take,_。(你越你越不大可能感冒不大可能感冒)【参考答案参考答案】Th
18、e less likely you are to catch a cold。【权威解析权威解析】本题的考点主要有两个:第一是考查themore,theless的用法,在2006年的考试中考查过themore,themore的结构,简直是如出一辙,因此必须重视历年真题的考点,重复考的概率非常大。第二是考查固定搭配:可能做某事,表达为belikelytodosth;最后一个是固定搭配“感冒”,表达为catchacold;因此答案应该是thelesslikelyyouaretocatchacold;87.Soonafterhetransferredtothenewschool,Alifoundtha
19、thehad_(很难跟上班里的同学)inmathandEnglish。解析:做四六级翻译题的实质是补全句子,所以已给英文题干和中文部分都要仔细分析。首先时间状语,“他转学到新的学校不久”,主句部分已给动词had,所以翻译部分要套用与had搭配的词组,即haddifficultiesindoingsth.。另外,考察词组“跟上”,即catchupwithsb。参考答案:difficultiesincatchingupwithhisclassmates88.If she had returned an hour earlier,Mary_(就不会被大雨淋就不会被大雨淋了了)。解析:本题考察虚拟语气
20、,解析:本题考察虚拟语气,if条件句所用时态条件句所用时态为过去完成时,可见是对过去已经发生的事情为过去完成时,可见是对过去已经发生的事情的假设,即的假设,即“如果她早一个小时返回如果她早一个小时返回”,所考,所考察的主句对应表达方式为察的主句对应表达方式为would have done。词组词组“被大雨淋被大雨淋”,考察被动语态,考察被动语态,be caught in rain。参考答案:参考答案:wouldnt have been caught in rain.89.Itissaidthatthosewhoarestressedoroverovertimeare_(更有可能增加体重)。解析
21、:本题考察的词组“更有可能”在真题中已考察过两次,2006年12月翻译90题,“出门在外时可能会感到孤单(arelikelytofeellonelywhenawayfromhome)”,以及2007年12月翻译88题,“我比以前更容易累了(Immorelikelytogettiredthanbefore)”。我们在课堂上反复强调be(more)likelytodosth这个词组,另外考察词组“增加体重”,即gainweight。参考答案:morelikelytogainweight90._(很多人所没有意识到的)isthatSimonisaloverofsports,andfootballin
22、particular。解析:本题中文部分对应该句缺乏的主语,考察主语从句;另外关于时态方面的选择,系动词和表语从句都使用了现在时(is),根据时态保持一致原则,译文部分我们使用现在完成时,表达从过去持续到现在的一种状态。参考答案:Whatmostpeoplehaventrealized91.Thestudyshowsthatthepoorfunctioningofthehumanbodyis_(与缺乏锻炼密切相关)。解析:本题考察词组“与相关”,即berelatedtosth.,以及“缺乏”,即“lackofsth。”;还有副词“密切”,即closely。参考答案:closelyrelated
23、tothelackofexercise08.1287.Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems_(他们至今还没(他们至今还没有答案)有答案).解析:做四六级的翻译题实质是在补全句子,所解析:做四六级的翻译题实质是在补全句子,所以已给出的英文和要翻译的中文都要分析清楚。以已给出的英文和要翻译的中文都要分析清楚。本句中要翻译的是一句完整的话,而横线前是名本句中要翻译的是一句完整的话,而横线前是名词词problems,因此显然是个定语从句的考点,可,因此显然是个定语从句的考点,可以选择以选择that或或w
24、hich做关联词,核心动词搭配是做关联词,核心动词搭配是have answers to,另外,另外至今还至今还提醒我们句子提醒我们句子是现在完成时的时态。是现在完成时的时态。参考答案:参考答案:which/that they havent found answers to88.(大多数父母所关心的)(大多数父母所关心的)_is providing the best education possible for their children.解析:很显然本句缺主语,有两种方法处理:主解析:很显然本句缺主语,有两种方法处理:主语从句或名词短语,核心词汇语从句或名词短语,核心词汇关心关心可以用可以用
25、concern或或care about,而且这样的表述大家在,而且这样的表述大家在阅读文章中也见得很多。阅读文章中也见得很多。参考答案:参考答案:What most parents care about/are concerned about或或The concern of most parents89.Youd better take a sweater with you_(以防天气变冷)(以防天气变冷).解析:大家平时做题的时候应该养成解析:大家平时做题的时候应该养成警觉性警觉性,一看到一看到以防以防,马上要反应出,马上要反应出in case或或lest这类的连词。如果用这类的连词。如果用
26、in case,后面的从句常用,后面的从句常用一般现在时或一般现在时或should+动词原型;如果是用动词原型;如果是用lest,一般是用一般是用should+动词原型。动词原型。参考答案:参考答案:in case it turns/should turn cold或或lest it should turn cold90.Through the project,many people have received training and _(决定自己创业)(决定自己创业).解析:本题的考察重点是不定式解析:本题的考察重点是不定式decide+to do,此外还要注意,此外还要注意决定决定和和h
27、ave received是并列的。是并列的。参考答案:参考答案:decided to start their own business91.The anti-virus agent was not known(直到一名医生偶然发现了它)(直到一名医生偶然发现了它).解析:本题考点是解析:本题考点是until引导的状语从句和引导的状语从句和被动语态的结合。被动语态的结合。偶然偶然可以处理为可以处理为by accident/chance或或accidentally。参考答案:参考答案:until it was accidentally found/discovered by a doctor.06
28、.6 87 Having spent some time in the city,he had no trouble _(找到去历史博物馆的路找到去历史博物馆的路).88 _(为了挣钱供我上学为了挣钱供我上学),Mother often takes on more work than is good for her.89 The professor required that _(我们交研究报告我们交研究报告)。90 The more you explain,_(我愈糊涂我愈糊涂).91 Though a skilled worker,_(他被公司解雇了他被公司解雇了)last week be
29、cause of the economic crisis.06.687.findingthewaytothehistorymuseum88.Inordertosupportmyuniversitystudies(或:tofinancemyeducation;topayformyeducation/topaymytuitionfees)89.we(should)handinour/theresearchreport(s)90.themoreconfusedIam91.hewasfiredbythecompany06.12 87.Specialists in intercultural studi
30、es say that it is not easy to_(适应不同文化中的生活适应不同文化中的生活)88.Since my childhood I have found that _(没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力)89.The victim_(本来有机会活下本来有机会活下来来)if he had been taken to hospital in time.90.Some psychologists claim that people_(出门在外时可能会感到孤独出门在外时可能会感到孤独)91.The nations population continues to
31、 rise_(以每年以每年1200万人的速度万人的速度)06.12 87.adapt oneself to life/living in different cultures 88.nothing is more attractive to me than reading或或to me,nothing is more important than reading 89.would have had a chance to survive或或would have survived 90.might feel lonely when they are far from home/are not i
32、n their hometown/traveling.91.at a speed/rate of 12 million per year 或或 at an annual speed of 12 million 07.6 87.The finding of this study failed to _(将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内).88.The prevention and treatment of AIDS is _(我们可以合作的领域我们可以合作的领域).89.Because of the leg injury,the athlete_(决定退出比赛决定退出比赛).90
33、.To make donations or for more information,please _(按以下地址和我们按以下地址和我们联系联系).91.Please come here at ten tomorrow morning _(如果你方便的话如果你方便的话).07.687.takepeoplessleepquality/qualityofsleepintoaccount/consideration88.afieldinwhichwecanworktogether/afieldinwhichwecancooperate89.decidedtoquitthematch90.contac
34、tusatthefollowingaddress91.atyourconvenience/ifitisconvenientforyou07.12 87 _(多亏了一系列的新发明多亏了一系列的新发明),doctors can treat this disease successfully.88 In my sixties,one change I notice is that _(我比以前更容易累了我比以前更容易累了).89 I am going to pursue this course,_(无论我要作出什么样的牺牲无论我要作出什么样的牺牲).90 I would prefer shoppin
35、g online to shopping in a department store because _(它更方便和省时它更方便和省时).91 Many Americans live on credit,and their quality of life _(用他们能用他们能够借到多少来衡量的够借到多少来衡量的),not how much they can earn.07.12 87.Thanks to/because of a series of new inventions 88.I have been more likely to get tired than before/I get
36、tired more easily than before 89.no matter at what expense(cost)/no matter what I have to sacrifice(pay)/would have to sacrifice(pay)90.the former/shopping online is more convenient and efficient(time-saving)(can save more time)91.is measured in terms of how much they can borrow 08.6 87.Our efforts
37、will pay off if the results of this research_.(能应用于新技术的开发能应用于新技术的开发)88.I cant boot my computer now.Something _(一定出了毛病一定出了毛病)with its operation system.89.Leaving ones job,_,(不管是什么工作不管是什么工作),is a difficult change even for those who look forward to retiring.90._,(与我成长的与我成长的地方相比地方相比),this town is more p
38、rosperous and exciting.91._(直到他完成使命直到他完成使命)did he realize that he was seriously ill.08.6 87.can be applied to the development of the new technology.88.must be wrong 89.whatever job it is/no matter what job it is 90.Compared with the place where I grew up 91.Not until he had finished the mission1._(从
39、太空上来看),ourearth,withwatercoveringabout75%ofitssurface,appearsasa“blueplanet”.Seenfromspace此处用做状语,它和句子主句theearth的关系是被动的,要用过去分词,beingseen是现在分词的被动形式,这种形式用在动作正在进行或与谓语表示的动词同时发生,在作状语的分词里较少适用。Seen from space 2.Anti-governmentdemonstrationsdooccur,butseldom,ifever,_(正如报纸上报道他们的那样)。but后的分句是以含有否定意义的seldom起首的,后
40、面要用倒装结构。由于是被报纸报道,所以report要用它的被动形式。are they reported in the newspaper 3.Helentmeathousandpounds,_(那正好是我需要的数目)tosolvemyproblem.此处用关系代词which指代athousandpounds.英语中表示金钱、时间、距离等数量的名词短语,虽然形式上是复数的,其后动词仍用单数形式。which is exactly the amount I needed 4.Thevillagers_(理所当然地认为)thatweshouldbuildnewroads.takeitforgrante
41、d是固定搭配,意思是“理所当然地认为”。take it for granted 5._(如果我和我兄弟之间出现争吵),mydadsettlesit.此句容易把arise用成rise,但是rise的意思是“升起,起来”,而arise的意思是“出现,发生,呈现”,主语一般为抽象名词,如“problem,trouble,quarrel”等.If any quarrel arises between my brother and me 6_(钟声响了)andwerealizeditwasalreadytwooclockintheafternoon.7.Findingitdifficultto_(适应那
42、里的气候),hedecidedtomovetothenorth.8.Heaskedtheteacherto_(解释得更详细一些)。The clock struck adapt to the climate there explain the word in greater detail 9_(与成年人学习外语相比)childrendonothavegoodconditions,buttheycanmastermothertonguecompletely.10._(就外表而言),Jackandhisyoungerbrotherhavelittleincommon.Compared with ad
43、ults learning foreign languages As far as the appearance is concerned 否定句部分否定句部分否定句虽然是否定句的形式,但其否定意义只局限于整体的一部分。其形式为:概括词all,both,every,everybody,everything,everywhere,always,altogether,entirely和wholly等。例:Thereisafamousproverbsayingthat_(闪光的东西并非都是金子)答案:allthatglittersisnotgold(本题主要考察部分否定句。该谚语中,thatglit
44、ters是一个定语从句,修饰前面的all)完全否定句完全否定句是针对部分否定句而言,这种否定是彻底的。其形式为:no,none等否定词+肯定式谓语,常见的可以用于这一句型的否定意义的词有:no,none,nobody,nowhere,anyhow,neither,never例:Cheapasitis,but_(我今天无论如何都买不到)答案:anyhowIwillnotbuyittoday(本题主要考察完全否定句,anyhow意思是“无论如何都不”)1.Dontyoubetoldthat_(这两本书并非都是有益的)3._(他的一切计划都泡汤了),sodontcountonhisfulfillin
45、gthetaskontime.4.Heissoexcited_(他此时此刻的心情是无法用语言来形容的)both of the books are not helpful?All his plan came to nothing that none of the words can describe his feelings 双重否定句其形式一为:主语+cannot+help/refrain/keep+from+动名词。Helpfrom,refrainfrom,keepfrom等词具有“抑制,忍住”等否定含义,与cannot等连用,具有双重否定的意义。例:Havingwonthegoldmeda
46、l,_(他禁不住喜形于色)。答案:hecouldnotrefrainfromshowinghispleasure.(本题考察双重否定句,refrainfrom的意思是“克制,避免”)其形式二为:主语+cannot+but/choosebut/helpbut+动词原形。例:_(我们别无选择只好另投旅馆住宿),sinceallthehotelsherearewithsigns“BeBookedUp”.答案:Wecouldnothelpbutlookforanotheronetostayin.(本题考察双重否定句,“cannothelpbut”句型,注意这里but后要用动词原形。)强调判断句形式一:
47、主语+be+nothing+(else)but/elsethan/lessthan+表语例:Therichhavetheirannoyancesbecause_(有些人除了钱之外一无所有)。答案:someonehavenothingbutmoney(本题考察强调判断句型“主语+be+nothing+(else)but”,therich意思是“富人”,属于“the+形容词”表示一类人或物,表示一类人作主语时,谓语用复数,表示抽象事物时,谓语用单数。形式二:Itis/was+强调部分+that/who+从句例:_(做那个实践的正是我父亲)inthelabyesterday.答案:Itwasmyfa
48、therwhodidtheexperiment.(本题考察强调判断句型,强调的宾语是theexperiment,引导词用who)2.正反判断句形式一:主语+be+not+表语A+but+表语B例:Therearedifferentopinionsaboutthetruemeaningoflife,butmostpeoplebelievethat_(生命并不一定要漫长,但是要五彩缤纷)。答案:lifeisnotalwayslongbutitmustbeamazing(本题考察正反判断句,注意but后如果是一个完整的句子,主语一定要和前面的保持一致)形式二:(Itis)notthat(who),b
49、utthat(who)例:ItisnotthatIdislikethework,_(而是我没有时间)答案:butthatIhavenotime(本题考察正反判断句,注意“notthatbutthat”中的两个that均不能省略)1.Iambadlyill,_(不是肉体上,而是精神上)。2.Itisnotheroeswhocreatethepeople,butthepeople_(创造英雄并推动历史向前)。3.Itisabigjokethat_(无论何时我听到它都忍不住笑起来)。4.Themanwhostolenmywatchwas_(不是别人,正是约翰)。not bodily,but ment
50、ally who create heroes and move history onward I cant help laughing whenever I hear it no other than John 比较判断句形式一:主语+be+less/more+表语A+than+表语B例:HedoeseverythingwithgreatcarebutIthink_(与其说他谨慎,不如说他是怯懦)。答案:heismorepoltroonthancautious.(本题考察比较判断句型“morethan”的用法,它的意思是“与其说不如说”,more和than后接对称成分)形式二:主语+be+no