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1、SKELETAL SYSTEMnFunctionsnClassificationnTypes of bones,tissues and cellsnBone structure(anatomy)nDivisions of the skeletonnJoints(classification and anatomy of joints)nDiseases of the skeletal system 1.Bones of the Skeleton 2.carpalsclaviclecoccyxfemurfibulahumerusmandiblemetacarpalsmetatarsalspate
2、llaphalangespelvisradiusribssacrumscapulaskullsternumtarsalstibiaulnavertebrae2122201519141718131432765981016111121222019121815161713141098654321117123.Long Bones-metacarples,metatarsals,phalanges,humerus,ulna,radius,tibia,fibulaShort Bones-carpals,tarsalsFlat Bones-rib,scapula,skull,sternumIrregula
3、r Bones-vertebrae,some facial bonesSesamoid-patella4.5.6.DistalepiphysisProximal epiphysisdiaphysisyellow marrowepiphyseal lineperiosteumcompact bonespongy boneEndosteumhyaline cartilageSharpeys fibers7.8.9.Axial SkeletonnSkullnVertebral columnnRib cage(ribs+sternum)Skull10.Skull Bones*The Skull con
4、sists of 8 CRANIAL BONES+14 FACIAL BONES*The Ears consists of 6 BONES and*Floating in the throat is 1 HYOID BONEInner Ear11.Rib CageAlso called the Thoracic Cage12 pairs of RIBS7 true ribs5 false ribs(2 floating ribs)1 STERNUM (breastbone)12.Vertebral Column(spinal column/backbone)7 CERVICAL(NECK)VE
5、RTEBRAE,12 THORACIC5 LUMBAR,5 FUSED VERTEBRAE INTO 1 SACRUM,4 SMALL FUSED VERTEBRAE INTO 1 COCCYX(YOUR TAIL BONE)13.Shoulder Girdles and ArmsThe Shoulder girdle is also called the pectoral girdle Consists of 4 bonesUpper limbs consist of 60 bones(the hands and wrist contain 54 separate bones).14.Hip
6、 Girdles and LegsThe hip girdle is also called the pelvic girdle Consists of 2 bones Lower limbs consist of 60 bones(the anklesand feet contain 52 separate bones)15.Types of Synovial Joints Based on ShapeSlide 5.52aCopyright 2003 Pearson Education,Inc.publishing as Benjamin CummingsFigure 5.29ac16.T
7、ypes of Synovial Joints Based on ShapeSlide 5.52bCopyright 2003 Pearson Education,Inc.publishing as Benjamin CummingsFigure 5.29df17.18.Anatomy of a Jointn2 or more bonesnJoint capsulenCartilagenSynovial membranenSynovial fluidnFatnLigamentsnBursanMeniscusnTendonsStructures of a freely movable joint
8、Structures of a freely movable joint19.Osteoporosis-bone reabsorption outpaces bone deposit;bones become lighter and fracture easierRickets-vitamin D deficiencyOsteomalacia-soft bones,inadequate mineralization in bones,lack of vitamin DPagets Disease-spotty weakening in the bones,excessive and abnormal bone remodelingRheumatoid arthritis-autoimmune reactionDiseases of the Skeletal System:20.