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1、SubjunctiveMood 虚拟语气在虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法条件句中的用法 如果我有一千万，我就能买一栋房子如果我有一千万，我就能买一栋房子.我有一千万吗？我有一千万吗？没有。没有。所以我仍然没有房子。所以我仍然没有房子。如果我有翅膀，我就能飞。如果我有翅膀，我就能飞。我有翅膀吗？我有翅膀吗？没有。没有。所以我也没办法飞。所以我也没办法飞。如果把整个太平洋的水倒出，如果把整个太平洋的水倒出，也浇不息我对你爱情的火也浇不息我对你爱情的火 整个太平洋的水全部倒得出吗？整个太平洋的水全部倒得出吗？不行。不行。所以我并不爱你。所以我并不爱你。Theseshowyourgoodwishesor
2、dreams.Itisevidentthattheyarenotrealortheycantcometrue表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。romantic,unrealistic,best wishes If I were a child,I would be happier.Ifhewereabird,hecouldflyinthebigbluesky.IfIhadalotofmoney,Iwouldbuyavilla（别墅）（别墅）.1.IfIwereachild,Iwouldbehappier.2.
3、Ifhewereabird,hecouldflyinthebigbluesky.3.IfIhadalotofmoney,Iwouldbuyavilla.When(时间）Structure(结构）与_事实相反(现在,过去,未来)If sb_，sb_.Discover1现在现在were/did(动词过去式动词过去式）.would/coulddo(动词原形动词原形)Practice1 Tell what the following people are thinking.Two-year-old:IfI_(can)talk,I_(tell)mymotherthatIhatepeas.14year-o
4、ld:I_(be)happierifI_(can)drive.16-year-old:IfI_(have)acar,myfriendsandI_(go)outeverynight.19-year-old:ifI_(have)alotofmoney,_(attend)aprivate(私立的私立的)university.couldwouldtellwouldbecouldwouldattendhadhadcouldgoIf you had worked hard,you would have passed the exam.If they had had enough rain last yea
5、r,they would have gained good harvest.Ifhehaddrivenmorecarefullyyesterday,hewouldnothavehadthecaraccident.1.Ifyouhadworkedhard,youwouldhavepassedtheexam.2.Iftheyhadhadenoughrainlastyear,theywouldhavegainedgoodharvest.3.Ifhehaddrivenmorecarefullyyesterday,hewouldnothavehadthecaraccident.When(时间）Struc
6、ture(结构）与_事实相反(现在,过去,未来)If sb_,sb_.Discover2过去过去haddone(动词过去分词）动词过去分词）would(not)havedone(动词过去分词）动词过去分词）Practice 21.I_(study)EnglishwhenIwasachildifI_(know)theimportance(重要性重要性)ofit.2.Ididntseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe_(come),she_(meet)mybrother.3.MissJiangexplainedthehomeworktotheclassyesterday.I
7、fJudy_(pay)moreattentionatthetime,he_(notmiss)herinstructions(介绍介绍).wouldhavestudiedhadknownhadcomewouldhavemethadpaidwouldnothavemissedIfitwere/shouldbefinetomorrow,Iwouldgotoseehim.IfIshouldvisit/weretovisit/visitedmyalmamater(母校母校)nexttime,Iwouldgotothelibrary.Oneyearslater,maybeyouwillbeinUniver
8、sityIftheyshouldplay/weretoplay/playedbetternexttime,theywouldnotfailagain.1.Ifitshouldbe/werefinetomorrow,Iwouldgotoseehim.2.IfIshouldvisit/weretovisit/visitedmyalmamaternexttime,Iwouldgotothelibrary.3.Iftheyshouldplay/weretoplay/playedbetternexttime,theywouldnotfailagain.When(时间）Structure(结构）与_事实相
9、反(现在,过去,未来)If sb_,sb_.Discover3未来未来would(not)dowere/shouldbe/shoulddo/weretodo/didPractice3 1.Ifit_(rain)tomorrow,we_(notgo)out.2.Idontlikeexams.Ifthere_(be)noexamtomorrow,I_(see)amovie.3.EasondoesntthinkhewilleverwinasingingCompetition（比赛）（比赛）.If,bychance,he_(win),he_(spend)theprizemoneyonacomputer
10、.shouldrain/weretorain/rainedwouldnotgowouldseewouldspendwere/shouldbeweretowin/shouldwin/wonConclusion 虚拟语气在虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法条件句中的用法When When If If sbsb_(_(条件句条件句)SbSb _ _（主句）（主句）与现在事实相反 与过去事实相反 与将来事实相反 助动词 be用 were 实义动词 do 用 did would should +do sth could mighthad donedid/were should dowere to dowoul
11、d should+do sth could mightwould should+have done sth could mightIf the God _(give)meanother chance，I_(tell)the girl three words:I love her!If our love _(have to)be set a time limit,I wish it _(be)10,000 years!should/were to give/gave would tellhad to would be 如果上天能够给我一个再来一次的机会，如果上天能够给我一个再来一次的机会，我会对
12、那个女孩子说三个字：我爱你。我会对那个女孩子说三个字：我爱你。如果非要在这份爱上加上一个期限，我希望是如果非要在这份爱上加上一个期限，我希望是-一万年一万年!Topic1:Whatwouldyoudoifyouwonthelottery(彩票彩票)?Topic2:Whatwould(not)havehappenediftheterribleearthquakehadnthitSichuanProvincein2008?Topic3:IfyouwereavolunteerofWorldHakkaConference（世客会（世客会)inHeYuan,whatwouldyoudo?1)表示对表示对
13、现在情况的虚拟现在情况的虚拟:从句动词用从句动词用过去过去式式(be动词一般用动词一般用were)。I wish I _ as tall as Yao MingwereIwishIwereabird.IwishI_(2)表示对表示对过去情况过去情况的虚拟的虚拟:从句动词从句动词常用常用“hadhad过去分词过去分词”。hadnt eatenso much watermelon.(3)(3)表示对将来的主观愿望表示对将来的主观愿望:从句动词形从句动词形式为式为 “would/could/mightwould/could/might动词原形动词原形”。有有should吗？吗？I wish it w
14、ould rain tomorrow.1.wish 2.的宾语从句现在：现在：过去：过去：未来：未来：过去时（过去时（did/were）过去完成时过去完成时(haddone)would/could/might+do1.IwishIabird.（现在）现在）2.IwishI_(make)suchamistake.（过去）过去）3.Wewishourparents_(punish)us.（将来）将来）werehadntmadewouldntpunish1.I wish I _ to have a word with Danny when he was here last week.A.had be
15、en ableB.should be ableC.have been ableD.were able2.How I wish I _ as well as she.A.shall sing B.can sing C.could sing D.should sing3.I wish very much you _ manage to come over.A.willB.can C.could D.are able toas if/as thoughasif/asthough1.从句所设想的时间与主句动作同从句所设想的时间与主句动作同时发生时发生.过去式过去式(be用用were)“had过去分词过
16、去分词”。2.从句所设想的时间先与主句谓语从句所设想的时间先与主句谓语.It looks as if she were sick.I feel as if we had known each other for years.Hebehavesasifhe_(own)thehouse.ownedShetalksaboutRomeasthoughshe_(be)thereherself.hadbeen他他那样对待我那样对待我,好像我是陌生人似的。好像我是陌生人似的。HetreatsmeasifIwereastranger.Wish和和as if/though 的虚拟的虚拟语气只要把被假设情况的时态
17、往语气只要把被假设情况的时态往前推一个就可以了。比如，与一前推一个就可以了。比如，与一般现在时相反就推到过去时，过般现在时相反就推到过去时，过去时推到过去完成时去时推到过去完成时Would rather would rather(that)现在现在:过去过去:未来未来:过去时过去时过去时过去时过去完成时过去完成时I would rather you _(pay)me now.paidI would rather you _ then,too.Dont come.I would rather you _(come)tomorrow.had gonecame表示建议、命令、要求、坚持表示建议、命令
18、、要求、坚持表示要求表示要求,命令命令,建议的虚拟语气建议的虚拟语气宾语从句中常见动词宾语从句中常见动词:一个一个坚持坚持,两个两个命命令令,三个三个建议建议,四个四个要求要求。即。即1).insist2).order,command3).advise,suggest,propose4).demand,require,request,desire国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。The king ordered that the prisoners _the next day.他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。They requested tha
19、t we_them to work there.(should)be killed(should)sendHe demanded that the classroom _ at once.A.should clean B.clean C.should have been cleaned D.be cleaned 我们建议我们建议Tom Tom 去休息一下。去休息一下。We suggested that Tom(should)have a rest.他坚决要求我到场。他坚决要求我到场。HeinsistedthatI(should)bepresent.1.Theguardatgateinsiste
20、dthateverybody_(obey)therules.2.Heinsistedthatshe_(be)seriouslyillandthat_(send)tohospitalsatonce.obeywasbesent3.Hesuggestedthatwe_(have)ameetingatonce.4.Hispalefacesuggestedthathe_(be)ill.havewasIts necessary/strange/natural/important/a pity/no wonder/impossible+that-Clause从句中从句中的动词要用虚拟的动词要用虚拟,即即(s
21、hould)+(should)+动词原形动词原形It is important that we(should)master a foreign language.It is strange that she refuse to come to the party.Its necessary that we should study hard.Its(about/high)time+that你该走了。你该走了。Its high time that you went.Its high time that you should go.过去时过去时should+V.我们该去睡觉了。我们该去睡觉了。It
22、s time that we went to bed.Its time that we should go to bed.If引引导导的虚的虚拟语拟语气气从句倒装从句倒装If条件句条件句从句从句主句主句Were+主主+与与现现在事在事实实相反相反If+were过过去式去式主主+should/would/could/might+doHad+主主+done+与与过过去事去事实实相反相反If主主+haddone主主+shouldwould/could/might+havedoneShould/Were+主主+与将来事与将来事实实相反相反If+过过去式去式WeretodoShoulddo主主+shou
23、ldwould/could/might+dowish引引导导的虚的虚拟语拟语气气虚虚拟拟wish从句从句现现在在主主+were/过过去式去式过过去去主主+had+done+将来将来主主+would+could/might+doAsif/asthough引引导导的虚的虚拟语拟语气气虚虚拟拟Asif从句从句与主句与主句动动作作同同时时发发生生主主+were/过过去式去式先于先于主句主句发发生生主主+had+done+wouldrather引引导导的虚的虚拟语拟语气气虚虚拟拟Wouldrather从句从句现现在在 主主+过过去式去式过过去去主主+had+done+将来将来 主主+过过去式去式otherwise引引导导的虚的虚拟语拟语气气虚虚拟拟Wouldrather从句从句现现在在主主+would/could/minght/should+do过过去去主主+wouldhave+done+将来将来主主+would/could/minght/should+do主主+过过去式去式Homework Choose one of the topics to discuss with your groups and list your ideas on your exercise book.