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1、1/GE/24 January 2023超声波的概念与书语及超声波流量计测量的原理PT878液体超声波流量计的组成PT878液体超声波流量计安装考虑因素PT878液体超声波流量计的故障判断PT878液体超声波流量计的操作2/GE/24 January 2023超声波的概念与书语频率:次声波 0 to 20 Hz声波 20 Hz to 20 kHz(Human hearing)超声波 20 kHz超声波的概念超声波的概念3/GE/24 January 2023传感器工作原理 传感器电能 机械能机械能 电能压电晶体的变化每个传感器能发射和接受发射接收4/GE/24 January 2023超声波流
2、量计原理：时差法超声波流量计原理：时差法 传感器既发送信号又接收 信号V tup=超声波被流体减速 tdn=超声波被流体加速tuptdnttupdn tttupdn=-DtPc-Vsinup=tPc+Vsindn=VLP 声信号传播时间逆流传播,tup顺流传播,tdn5/GE/24 January 2023VLP声速 c=Ptavg,ttt2avg=dnup+Q=Velocity AreaQ=V A体积流量tt tttupdnupdn=-DtPc-VsintPc+Vsinupdn=流速 V C2L2 t超声波流量计原理：时差法超声波流量计原理：时差法6/GE/24 January 2023夹装
3、式传感器 折射原理 Snells Lawc1=传感器内传播速度c2=管壁的传播速度c3=流体内的传播速度S=传感器的间距c1 1c2 2 3c3LSW.T.Classic“clamp-on”approach7/GE/24 January 2023PT878液体超声波流量计的组成1主机传感器信号线充电器红外线转RS232测厚探头偶合剂仪器包8/GE/24 January 2023PT878液体超声波流量计的组成21.OKS传感器夹具2.CRS和CPT传感器夹具3.CF-LP传感器夹具9/GE/24 January 2023所配传感器的特性及用途传感器代码型号C-RS402C-RS401C-PT1
4、16CF-LP 23OKSSpecial(91)形状频率1.0 MHz0.5 MHz1.0 MHz4.0 MHz2.0 MHz发射角度42423559.5传播时间17.320.327.55.85传播速度248424842674.6 3328使用温度-40 to 150 C-40 to 150 C-20 to 210C-40 to 230C-200 to 360 C10/GE/24 January 2023传感器选用原则1.温度要求.2.信号要求.导声较差的介质和大的管道选择低频探头.3.精度要求.频率越高精度越高.2寸以下一般用CF-LP探头.11/GE/24 January 2023管道要求
5、1.直管段要求:前10后5.即在传感器安装位置前10倍直径长度和后5倍的直径长度无弯头,阀门等引起流体扰动的装置.2.准确测量管经外径周长或直径.3.确定管道材质和壁厚及接触温度.4.确定是否有内衬及种类和厚度.12/GE/24 January 2023介质要求1.已列出的介质直接选择2.未列出的介质需输入声速或选择跟踪窗口测试3.确定声速的目的是在窗口中央将信号检出.END OF TRANSMITGOOD SNRWINDOW13/GE/24 January 2023安装方式1.根据管道大小和信号强度选择安装方式A.单声程:大管道和复杂应用B:双声程:首选方式,安装简单.C:多声程:小管道,信
6、号特强.安装位置:水平管道 3点和9点位置 垂直管道必须是介质向上流14/GE/24 January 2023测量管道的直径和壁厚一般在传感器安装位置测量五个直径,平均值用超声波测厚仪测量八个点的厚度,取平均值15/GE/24 January 2023单声程传感器的安装(侧视)16/GE/24 January 2023单声程传感器的安装(侧视)17/GE/24 January 2023单声程传感器的安装(侧视)18/GE/24 January 2023单声程传感器的安装(侧视)19/GE/24 January 2023单声程传感器的安装(俯视)20/GE/24 January 2023单声程传
7、感器的安装(俯视)21/GE/24 January 2023双声程传感器的安装(侧视)22/GE/24 January 2023双声程传感器的安装(侧视)23/GE/24 January 2023双声程传感器的安装(侧视)24/GE/24 January 2023双声程传感器的安装(俯视)25/GE/24 January 2023双声程传感器的安装(俯视)26/GE/24 January 2023传感器的安装27/GE/24 January 2023传感器的安装28/GE/24 January 202329/GE/24 January 2023校准1.标定后输入校验系数2.雷诺数修正.Re=雷
8、诺数#V=流体流速ID=内径=运动粘度(ft2/sec or m2/sec)30/GE/24 January 2023进行信号诊断介质充满管道后需检测的参数和信号流向是否正常信号强度SSup;SSdn 声速SNSP波型等根据诊断参数调整有关输入参数得到准确结果31/GE/24 January 2023进行信号诊断信号强度SSup;SSdn 50-55偏低可能不稳定55-60 低一点,可以接受60-65 好65-75 非常好75-99 信号饱和,分辨率可能降低0.电缆线开路100.控制器故障声速SNSP应在合理范围内.如水1500m/s左右 32/GE/24 January 2023进行信号诊断
9、错误代码E0:无错误E1:信号太低E2:声速错误E3:流速超出范围E4:信号质量太差E5:流速变化太大 33/GE/24 January 2023FeaturesLarge,Backlit LCDSimplified KeypadGraphical User Interface(GUI)Faster Update RateImproved Peak DetectionLarger,more powerful Data LoggerXML-format Site FilesFlash memory Simple UpgradesPT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterIrDA -co
10、mpatible wireless data transferUp to 11 hours run time per charge34/GE/24 January 2023LCD Display240 x 200 resolutionRoom for 1 to 4 measurementsLarge signal waveform displaysWhite EL BacklightPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter35/GE/24 January 2023LCD Display240 x 200 resolutionRoom for 1 to 4 measurementsL
11、arge signal waveform displaysWhite EL BacklightPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter36/GE/24 January 2023KeypadRubberized keysClick actionSimple universal layoutSoft Function KeysPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter37/GE/24 January 2023Graphical UserInterface(GUI)Keeps related information togetherAll choices visible at
12、the same timePT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter38/GE/24 January 2023GUI ControlsMenusRelated items grouped togetherUse to move through choicesUse to change menusPress Enter to selectPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter39/GE/24 January 2023GUI ControlsTabsQuick access to related formsUse to select formPress Enter to o
13、pen the formPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter40/GE/24 January 2023GUI ControlsButtonsSelects between mutually exclusive choicesUse to select buttonPress Enter to activatePT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter41/GE/24 January 2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterGUI ControlsListsChoose from all applicable settingsUse to move
14、one itemUse to scroll the list42/GE/24 January 2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterGUI ControlsNumeric EntryPress Enter to begin entering digitsPress to erase a digitPress Esc to cancel and restore original valuePress Enter to accept the new valueValues can be entered or displayed in either Metric or Engl
15、ish units without having to change meter defaults43/GE/24 January 2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterGUI ControlsCheck BoxesUsed to turn an option:On Off Press Enter to toggle44/GE/24 January 2023GUI ControlsFunction KeysChange according to form or menu activePress F1,F2,or F3 to selectPT878 Ultrasonic F
16、lowmeter45/GE/24 January 2023GUI ControlsLocale-SpecificChange date,time,and decimal formats for local custom:MM/DD/YYYYDD-MM-YYYYYYYY-MM-DD11:59 PM23:59123.45123,45PT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter46/GE/24 January 2023Data Logger1 Megabyte storage 100,000 recordsFrom 1 to 12 items per logMultiple logs can
17、 run simultaneouslyLog interval from 1 second to 99 minutesProgrammable Start and End Date/TimeCyclic LogsError logsPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter47/GE/24 January 2023Flash MemoryInstall new program in minutes over IRNo EPROMs to changePT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter48/GE/24 January 2023IrDA -Compatible Wire
18、lessCommunicationsInfrared data transferUp to 115KbpsUp to 1 meter rangeDrag&Drop file transfersAutomaticNo settingsNo cable adapters requiredPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter49/GE/24 January 2023BatteryNiMH rechargeable9 to11 hour run time(longer than NiCd)6 hour rechargeNone of the memory problems associ
19、ated with NiCdFewer charge cycles than NiCdNiCd performs better in cold NiCd or disposable AA alkaline cells can be used instead of NiMHPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter50/GE/24 January 2023BatteryContinuous battery level gaugeSimple icon indicates chargeUniversal charger 100-250VACPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmet
20、er51/GE/24 January 2023BatteryRun time up to 11 hours,depending on features selected.Run time is reduced by:Prolonged use of the backlightLoop-powered 4-20mA transmittersHigh resistance loads on 4-20mA outputRun time is increased by:Using Sleep modePT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter52/GE/24 January 2023PT87
21、8 Ultrasonic FlowmeterEnvironmentalMeets IP67 ratingWithstands submersion in waterDurable polymer bootPrevents damage if droppedIntegrated wire stand53/GE/24 January 2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterMeter SetupA.Select UnitsB.Select TransducerC.Select PipeD.Select LiningE.Select FluidF.Adjust PathG.Cor
22、rection FactorsH.Save to a Site54/GE/24 January 2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterSelect UnitsThe PT878 can default to either Metric or English units.From the Meter menu,select Units.Press OK to use the new settings.55/GE/24 January 2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterSelect TransducerSelect Wetted or Clamp-o
23、nChoose Transducer from ListList only shows applicable transducersAll parameters filled in automaticallyChoose SPECIAL to enter customer parametersAllows each parameter to be specified56/GE/24 January 2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterSelect PipeSelect Pipe Material from ListPipe Sound Speed automatical
24、ly filled inSelect OTHER for unlisted materialEnter Sound SpeedEnter DimensionsOuter Diameter(OD)or Circumference(ODxPI)Wall thickness57/GE/24 January 2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterSelect PipeIf pipe material has a schedule,ID can be used to automatically enter dimensions.Uses ANSI(English)or DIN(me
25、tric)schedule.Schedule Materials:Stainless SteelCarbon SteelCast IronPVCCPVC58/GE/24 January 2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterSelect LiningChoose lining material from list,or Other to specifyLining option is not available when using Wetted transducers59/GE/24 January 2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterSelec
26、t FluidEnable/Disable Tracking WindowsUse for fluids with unknown or highly variable sound speedSpecify minimum and maximum soundspeedChoose fluid from list or Other for unlisted fluidIf fluid not listed,specify the nominal soundspeed only60/GE/24 January 2023PT878 Ultrasonic FlowmeterSelect FluidFo
27、r Energy applications with water as fluid,specify the%Glycol concentration61/GE/24 January 2023Adjust PathFor clamp-on,Path length P and Axial length L are automatically calculated.Select the number of traverses.Spacing is automatically recalculated.Spacing can be changed by entering a new value.PT8
28、78 Ultrasonic Flowmeter62/GE/24 January 2023Finish UpYour changes will not take effect until you:Press OK to keep all changesPress CANCEL to discard all changesPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter63/GE/24 January 2023Correction FactorsReynolds CorrectionUse a single value for Kinetic Viscosity(K/V).Table opti
29、on is not availablePT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter64/GE/24 January 2023Correction FactorsK-Factor CorrectionUse a single value for K-Factor multiplierUse a Table to relate K-Factor to another measure.Only Velocity can be used to interpolate the K-Factor.PT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter65/GE/24 January 2023Save
30、 to a Site FileTo keep the new settings,you must save them to a Site File:Choose Save Now to replace the settings in the current site.Choose Manager to create a new site.PT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter66/GE/24 January 2023Site ManagerUse the Site Manager to:Save settings to a new site.Use and existing si
31、te.Delete sites.Rename sites.Print or Transfer sites.PT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter67/GE/24 January 2023Site ManagerOpen the Site Manager menu by pressing Menu,Enter.Choose Save As to name the site and store it.PT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter68/GE/24 January 2023Site ManagerEnter a file name of up to 8 chara
32、cters:Use arrows to move around the grid.Press Enter to select the character.Use Delete to erase a character.Press OK when done.Hint:A descriptive Site Message can be entered from the Site MenuPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter69/GE/24 January 2023Site FilesUp to 32 sites stored in PT878Can be transferred t
33、o/from PC for unlimited capacitySoftware versions need to match to ensure compatibilityXML*FormatFiles print as shown hereSome outputs are codedSet-ups are best viewed through a meterSite Files should not be edited with a PC or laptop*eXtensible Markup Language PT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter70/GE/24 Jan
34、uary 2023DiagnosticsDisplay all Diagnostics SimultaneouslySelect“Diagnostics”in the Service MenuPress EnterPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter71/GE/24 January 2023DiagnosticsAll Diagnostics viewed simultaneouslyEasy and efficient analysisPT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter72/GE/24 January 2023NoteThe above presentati
35、on reflects PT878 Instrument Program INST.001.J and ECO 4958New functionality and capabilitiesMinor changes in menusAll meters with serial#1294 and above will include these modificationsMeters with serial#1293 and lower can be upgraded(consult the factory)PT878 Ultrasonic Flowmeter谢谢你的阅读v知识就是财富v丰富你的人生