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1、China National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006测井资料与应用测井资料与应用(2)Geoscience Center,BeijingMay,2009China National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006 2.3 补偿中子测井补偿中子测井(Neutron Log)China National Logging CorporationChina National Logging Corporati
2、onOEPA,2006原理原理-一种放射性方法测井一种放射性方法测井 NEU sourceemitFastNEUFormation atomSlowNEU NEU sourceSLOWDOWNslowNEUnucleiGRcapturedreleaserecordLogging tool“含氢指数“-由于氢原子(H)核的质量与快中子的质量相当,她对快中子的减速作用很强,因此记录的 次生GR 值 主要与地层孔隙内的”氢”含量(H)有关-NEU 被称为“含氢指数“China National Logging CorporationChina National Logging Corporation
3、OEPA,2006 中子孔隙度*NEU 测井记录的是地层孔隙内的含氢量（测井记录的是地层孔隙内的含氢量（H），她直接与孔隙），她直接与孔隙度有关度有关 -直接指示孔隙度直接指示孔隙度-“中子孔隙度中子孔隙度”cn泥质中含有大量的束缚水泥质中含有大量的束缚水(大量的大量的“Hydrogen”)-也具有很也具有很高的高的cn(无效孔隙度无效孔隙度)-NEU 曲线不能区分砂，泥岩曲线不能区分砂，泥岩*水分子水分子(H2O)和石油分子和石油分子(CnHn)都含有氢元素都含有氢元素“H”-油和油和水都有高的水都有高的 CN-NEU 曲线不能用来区分油和水曲线不能用来区分油和水China National
4、 Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006OilwaterCNshaleCN curve shows the similarvalue at shale,oil and water zonesChina National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006 “挖掘效应挖掘效应 气层的”H”浓度 远小于油/水层 -造成低cn的误差的误差China National Logging CorporationChina Natio
5、nal Logging CorporationOEPA,2006shaleClean sand砂泥岩储层砂泥岩储层DEN 1.7-2.7 CN 60-0砂岩砂岩 DEN,CN 重合重合 泥岩泥岩 DEN,CN 分离分离 Suitable presentation scalesDEN CNCNDENChina National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006Suitable scales碳酸岩碳酸岩DEN 1.95-2.95CN 45-15纯纯碳酸岩碳酸岩 DEN,CN 重合重合 泥岩泥岩 DEN,CN
6、 分离分离China National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006应用 深度校正碳氢指示 计算孔隙度-需进行“挖掘效应挖掘效应”及泥质影响校正识别气层-低 NEU&DEN,高 AC值 识别储层-高 NEU&AC,低DEN值识别致密层-极低 NEU&AC,高 DEN值China National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006*NEU vale logged in open hole and cased h
7、ole has good repeat ability*NEU log can be used for depth correlation when perforatingChina National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006Gas with low concentration of hydrogen Gas with low CN valueGasOilCNChina National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationO
8、EPA,2006 *Hard rock with low concentration of hydrogen *Hard rock with low CN valueHard rockCNHard rockChina National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,20062.4 密度测井密度测井(Density Log)China National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006原理原理-一种放射性测井一种放射性测
9、井 *DEN 仪器使用仪器使用 Cs137 放射源产生并发射中等能量的放射源产生并发射中等能量的GR射射 线线*GR 与地层中的电子相碰撞与地层中的电子相碰撞 发生康普顿散射发生康普顿散射-GR 射线失掉部分能量射线失掉部分能量仪器记录低能仪器记录低能GR射线射线*受减速作用而成为低能受减速作用而成为低能GR射线的记量与地层岩石的密度有关射线的记量与地层岩石的密度有关Cs137GRreleaseCollide with formation electronsGRLow energy GRGRelectron Compton scattering Record bytoolChina Natio
10、nal Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006不同岩石的体积密度及Pe值China National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006Mud cake补偿密度测井补偿密度测井China National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,20062.4.2 密度孔隙度密度孔隙度 体积密度体积密度:b=(1 )ma+f =式中式中,b 测井
11、密度值测井密度值,ma 骨架密度值骨架密度值,f 流体密度值流体密度值(ma b)ma f China National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006Z 密度仪器记录有光电吸收指数(PE),她对岩性很敏感Obvious different of PE value for different lithology岩性指示器岩性指示器-PEChina National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006Gas wit
12、h very low density Gas zones with low density value气的影响China National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006shaleClean sandShale sand reservoirsDEN 1.7-2.7 CN 60-0Sand zones DEN,CN overlay Shale zones DEN,CN separate Suitable presentation scalesDEN CNCNDENChina National Loggi
13、ng CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006泥浆对泥浆对PE的影响的影响Heavy density mud(with barite)will affect Pe response Example:Pe 4,random curve and cant be used to identify lithologyPeChina National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,20062.4.5 应用计算孔隙度 识别岩性China National
14、 Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006 假定地层含泥假定地层含泥,孔隙中充满流体孔隙中充满流体 体积密度体积密度:b=(1 Vsh)ma+Vsh sh +f So,=oilwatershalematrix(ma b)Vsh(ma sh)ma f 2.4.4 影响影响泥质影响泥质影响China National Logging CorporationChina National Logging CorporationOEPA,2006应用岩性指示曲线应用岩性指示曲线 Pe 识别识别岩性岩性 *Pe 不受地层流体不受地层流体的影响的影响,对岩性灵敏对岩性灵敏 *Pe 与别的资料综与别的资料综合利用更能有效合利用更能有效识别识别岩性岩性.