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1、1Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialAICENT2Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialAgendaPart 1:3G/GPRS Roaming Overview?3G/UMTS Overview?GPRS/UMTS Roaming eXchange?GPRS/UMTS Roaming Guidelines(PRD)?Aicent GRX Network?GRX Peering Network?IO-MMS and MMS GatewayPart 2:Technical Implementation of GR
2、X Services?3GRX Network Topology?3GRX Connection Setup?3GRX End-to-End QoS?GPRS DNS Configuration and Setup?Firewall Configuration?Setup New Roaming Partner?Network Support Procedure3Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialAgenda(Part 1)3G/UMTS OverviewGPRS/UMTS Roaming eXchangeGPRS/UMTS Roaming Guid
3、elines(PRD)Aicent GRX NetworkGRX Peering NetworkIO-MMS and MMS Gateway4Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and Confidential3G/UMTS Overview GSM Evolution5Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and Confidential3G/UMTS OverviewRadio Access and Core Network Evolution GSM?2G Original GSM SystemFixed Telephone Network(PSTN)GSM Base
4、Station System(BSS)GSM Core Network(Circuit Switched)ISDN/Fixed Data NetworkStandard,Open InterfaceOne of the most important factors in GSMs success is the standard open interface that have enabled any vendor to supply any elements of the network,and have let operators worldwide deploy multi-vendor
5、systems of their choice6Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and Confidential3G/UMTS OverviewRadio Access and Core Network Evolution GSM?2.5G GPRSGSM/GPRS Radio AccessNetworkCircuit SwitchedDomainPSTN,ISDNInternet/IntranetStandard,Open InterfaceGSM Phase 2+(2.5G)provides a significant enhancement by addingthe Gen
6、eral Packet Radio Service(GPRS),an“Always-on”,with date-rate up to 171 kbit/s connection to Packet data network,enablingan early taste of“3G-like”servicesPacket SwitchedDomain7Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and Confidential3G/UMTS OverviewRadio Access and Core Network Evolution GSM?3G UMTSGSM/EDGE Radio Acc
7、essNetwork(GERAN)Common CoreNetworkCircuit&PacketDomainPSTN,ISDNStandard,Open InterfaceInternet/IntranetUniversal TerrestrialRadio Access Network(UTRAN)Multi-Mode Terminal3G operators have choice of offering 3G services either through pre-3G radio accessEDGE or UMTS or both.“Duel”radio access allows
8、 3G operators to provide customers with Access to services via GSM/EDGE and WCDMA networks with duel-mode devices8Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and Confidential3G/UMTS OverviewRadio Access and Core Network Evolution GSM?Advanced 3G Enhancement?IP Multimedia Subsystem(IMS)GSM/EDGE Radio AccessNetwork(GERAN)
9、PSTN,ISDNInternet/IntranetUniversal TerrestrialRadio Access Network(UTRAN)Multi-Mode TerminalCommon Core NetworkCircuit&PacketDomainIP MultimediaSubsystemVoIP NetworksThe IMS adds further service possibilities to UMTS:Rich Media:combination of audio,video and data in real-time IMS Messaging:real-tim
10、e peer-to-peer messaging Push Service Push-to-talk Gaming Mobile Internet Access9Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialGfUuUmDGiGnIuGcCEGpGsSignalling and Data Transfer InterfaceSignalling InterfaceMSC/VLRTEMTUTRANTEPDNGrIuHLROther PLMNSGSNGGSNGdSM-SCSMS-GMSCSMS-IWMSCGGSNEIRSGSNGnCGFGaGaBillingSyst
11、emGbTEMTBSSRARLogical Network Architecture for the PS Domain(R99)3G/UMTS Overview-Logical GPRS/UMTS Network ArchitecturePS DomainCS DomainRAN10Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialUMTS Core PS Domain ElementSGSN(Serving GPRS Support Node)?Analogous to the MSC/VLR in the CS Domain?Provides packet s
12、witching,routing,and databases functions for GPRS servicesGGSN(Gateway GPRS Support Node)?Analogous to the GMSC in the CS domain?Provides the interface to external(Non-GPRS)networks,e.g.Internet?Provides packet switching,routing,and database functions for GPRS servicesIntra-PLMN IP Backbone?Often im
13、plemented with standard IP routersGRX IP Backbone?Inter-PLMN IP backboneInterface to Charging Gateway Functions(CGF)?Where billing system would be accessed 11Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialIMS Services Samples Some Application Examples:?Videophone:One-to-one,One-to-many,real-time voice plus
14、video?Basic voice(VoIP):Conversational voice service,high voice quality,PSTN interworking?Multimedia Group Call:Voice plus data images,and/or video broadcast one-to-many?Mixed Media Interactive Communication:including conversion from voice-to-text.Etc.?Gaming Peer-to-peer:Networked games with multip
15、le players,with simultaneous voice chatting.?Server-based:Multiple players of interactive mobile game that is managed by aserver.?Multimedia-based Voice Response:Ability for users to change media type in the middle of a call without terminating the call(e.g.switch from voice to interactive data)?Dow
16、nloading Multimedia Objects:Ability to download and store multimedia objects(e.g.MP3 music clips)from mobile Web sites to the local terminal?Push-to-Talk:Service gives a user immediate communication with one or more other users12Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialQoS Classes4 QoS classes are def
17、ined:?Conversational class(e.g.voice,video conferencing)?Streaming class(e.g.video streaming)?Interactive class(Web browsing,gaming)?Background class(e.g.email download)QoS Implementation?All network segments need to be informed about the QoS that is to be provided?QoS signaling via?DiffServ Codepoi
18、nt(DSCP)?RSVP?End-to-end QoS provisioning via?DiffServ?MPLS,etc.13Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialAgenda(Part 1)3G/UMTS OverviewGPRS/UMTS Roaming eXchangeGPRS/UMTS Roaming GuidelinesAicent GRX NetworkGRX Peering NetworkIO-MMS and MMS Gateway14Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialGPRS/UMTS R
19、oaming eXchang-(R99/Rel.4)UMTS networks should continue to provide roaming capabilitiesbased on existing 2.5G(GPRS)roaming concept and infrastructure.UMTS/GPRS networks should support twobasic roaming scenarios:?MS connects to Home GGSN via VSGSN?MS connects to Visiting GGSN via VSGSN15Aicent,Inc.Pr
20、oprietary and ConfidentialGPRS/UMTS Roaming eXchange-Logical ArchitectureGfUuUmDGiGnIuGcCEGpGsSignalling and Data Transfer InterfaceSignalling InterfaceMSC/VLRTEMTUTRANTEPDNGrIuHLROther PLMNSGSNGGSNGdSM-SCSMS-GMSCSMS-IWMSCGGSNEIRSGSNGnCGFGaGaBillingSystemGbTEMTBSSRARUMTS/GPRS roaming involvesNetwork
21、 Element:SGSN,GGSN and BGInterface:Gn and GpBG16Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialGPRS Network and GTPBTSSGSNBSCGGSNHLROperator Home PLMNGTPDNSDHCPAAAWAPCorp App ServersGRXVisitor PLMNGiGiGpGnCorp NWInternet17Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialGPRS/UMTS Roaming ISP Roaming(Not Used in GPRS
22、Community)InternetHome PLMNHLRDNSVisiting PLMNInternet ServerThere are two types of GPRS Roaming-ISP Roaming-PLMN RoamingISP Roaming:-Accessing Internet via visiting GGSN-GTP Tunnel VSGSN?VGGSNGGSNSGSNBSCGTP Tunnel18Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialGPRS/UMTS Roaming-PLMN Roaming(GRX Roaming)In
23、ternetHome PLMNHLRBSCDNSVisiting PLMNInternet ServerGGSNDNS-WAP Portal -App ServerPLMN Roaming:-Accessing Internet via Home GGSN-GTP Tunnel VSGSN?HGGSNSGSNBGBGGTP Tunnel19Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialGRX(GPRS Roaming eXchange)Two PLMN Roaming Alternatives1.Bilateral Direct Connections:?Lea
24、se Lines?Leased Bandwidth2.GRX:GPRS Roaming eXchange?Dedicated QoS and Secured IP transport Backbones peering each other?New DNS hierarchy for GSM domain?Extended to multiple services?Inter-carrier MMS?Inter-carrier IMSOperator FOperator FOperator EOperator EOperator DOperator DOperator COperator CO
25、perator AOperator AOperator BOperator BGRXGRXGRXDNSDNSDNSDNSDNSDNSGPRS Roaming Network20Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialGPRS/UMTS Roaming eXchange-GSM Users Take Roaming for GrantedCustomers expect their GSM phones to work around the world?Same convenience with GPRS as with GSM.?But setting u
26、p and maintaining IP roaming to other operators network is a challenging task.GPRSGPRSGPRSGPRSGPRSGPRSGPRSGPRSGPRSGPRSGPRSGPRSGPRSGPRSGPRSBilateral Direct ConnectionsGPRSGPRSGPRSGPRSGPRSGPRSGPRSGPRSGPRSGPRSGPRSGPRSGPRSGPRSGPRSGRX21Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialGRX=Seamless Global IP Roaming
27、Selecting GRX for PLMN roaming benefits to operator?Scalability-Connection to every GPRS,EDGE or 3G network?Simplicity One time effort for IP connectionOutsource the hassles focusing on core business?Easy to implement?Turn-key delivery?Easy to maintain?GRX provides End-to-end managed networking solu
28、tion?GRX offers Full reporting tools?GRX operates 24/7 helpdesk and NOC22Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialGRX OverviewGRX(GPRS Roaming eXchange)network model:?Mobile operators connection via the GRX service provider?Global reach via GRX-GRX peeringOperator FOperator FOperator EOperator EOperat
29、or DOperator DOperator COperator COperator AOperator AOperator BOperator BGRXGRXGRXDNSDNSDNSDNSDNSDNSGPRS Roaming NetworkGRX Peering23Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialGPRS/UMTS Roaming eXchange-GRX Standard BodyGRX standard is specified by the International Roaming Expert Group(IREG)of the GSM
30、 Association,focusing on?Peering,Security,Traffic Management,QoS,Interworking traffic The standardization work continues several areas GSMA IREGGRX WPOperatorsGRX ProvidersOver 110 members so far24Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialAgenda(Part 1)3G/UMTS OverviewGPRS/UMTS Roaming eXchangeGPRS/UMT
31、S Roaming GuidelinesAicent GRX NetworkGRX Peering NetworkIO-MMS and MMS Gateway25Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialGSMA GPRS Roaming GuidelineIR.21:GSMA Roaming Database Structure and Updating ProceduresIR.33:GPRS Roaming GuidelinesIR.34:Inter-PLMN Backbone GuidelinesIR.35:End-to-End Functional
32、 Capability Test Specification for Inter-PLMN GPRS RoamingAA.31:Addendum to the International Roaming Agreement(GPRS and/or 3GSM Roaming Addendum)AA.14:International Roaming Agreement-Individual AnnexesIR.52:MMS Interworking Guidelines26Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialPRD IR21GPRS Roaming Gui
33、delineIR.21:GSMA Roaming Database Structure and Updating ProceduresRequirements for GPRS operators to exchange and update roaming databases?Defines roaming database structure?Creates the database for Roaming Data?Generates reports based on databases?Defines procedures for updating the database?Sampl
34、es in IR.2127Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialGPRS Roaming GuidelineIR.33:GPRS Roaming GuidelinesPRD IR33MS Registration:?The MS shall always perform a”GPRS attach”to the SGSNin the visiting network in order to register on to the network.?If this is the initial attachment in the new PLMN,then
35、the SGSN shall communicate with the HLR in the Home PLMN.?At this point the user is validated as to whether they are allowed to roam or not.PDP Context Activation:?The user can then decide to perform a”PDP Context Activation”to GGSN?This procedure,together with the data sent by the MS and the subscr
36、ibed data stored in the SGSN,will determine which“roaming scenario”the user will activate.This will be explained in detail in subsequent text.28Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialPRD IR33GPRS Roaming GuidelineIR.33:GPRS Roaming Guidelines?Roaming scenarios 1?MS connects via VSGSN and HGGSN(PLMN
37、Roaming),this scenario requires:?SGSN HLR interactions via the Gr interface,using Inter network C7/SCCP links?Inter network DNS exchanges and possible“.gprs root”DNS exchanges.?Inter PLMN Backbone connectivity and address management?Border Gateway involvement,which may provide firewall and additiona
38、l security functionality.VSGSNHGGSNThe Inter GPRSBackboneRoaming MSBGBGExternal PDN29Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialGPRS Roaming Guideline?Roaming scenarios 2?MS connects via VSGSN and VGGSN(ISP Roaming),this scenario requires:?GSN HLR interactions via the Gr interface,using Inter network C7
39、/SCCP links?Dynamic address allocation for the subscriber?Transparent i.e.non-authenticated network access-point access(see Note 2)?NO inter network DNS exchanges.?NO Inter PLMN Backbone connectivity or address management?NO Border Gateways involvement or firewall configurationIR.33:GPRS Roaming Gui
40、delinesVSGSNVGGSNVisited PLMNsGPRS BackboneRoaming MSExternal PDNPRD IR3330Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialGSMA GPRS Roaming GuidelineIR.33:GPRS Roaming GuidelinesGPRS and Roaming Name SystemDNS?Internet DNS standard has been proved as an efficient,scalable,cost effective,and evolutionary arc
41、hitecture.?GPRS DNS is PRIVATE and exclusive to GSMA World.?GPRS DNS is set to provide SGSNs(acting for MS)the IP address of the gateway(GGSN)to the service requested by the MS?This IP address is necessary to set an GTP tunnel between the two machines.?Communications between MS and the server reques
42、ted for consequently uses this tunnel.31Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialDNSFully developed in the Internet worldDistributed database controlled by name serversDNS data are available across entire network through client-server schemeDNS clients are also called resolvers.Usually,DNS is referred
43、 to Internet DNS.32Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialGSMA GPRS Roaming GuidelineIR.33:GPRS Roaming GuidelinesGPRS and Roaming Name SystemDNS?It follows the same technical specificationsas the classic DNS for Internet?Transparentto users(Only SGSN needs to query the DNS)?Wont depend on ICANNs(In
44、ternet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers)authority?Unrecognized today outside GPRS world?There is a slight misuse of the term root here 33Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialInternet DNS Database“.“comedugovnetOwwwManaged by OperatorManaged by InterNICwww.O,200.200.200.200Public:Internet
45、 Reachable 34Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialGRX DNS Database“.“gprsgrxmcc460mnc001Managed by OperatorManaged by GSMA/GRXPrivate:GRX ReachableWap.mnc001.mcc460.gprs.:APN35Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialGSMA GPRS Roaming GuidelineDNS query whilst roaming?APN resolution using DNS in HPL
46、MNIR.33:GPRS Roaming GuidelinesVSGSNBSSVPLMN DNSHPLMN DNSGPRS“Root”DNSThe Inter GPRSBackbone-Private IP522a43BGBG136Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialGSMA GPRS Roaming GuidelineIR.33:GPRS Roaming GuidelinesDNS query whilst roaming?APN resolution using DNS in VPLMNIP of VGGSN1BSSVSGSNVPLMN DNS23
47、37Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialAicent Root DNS ArchitectureCUAICENT3GRXMaster Root DNS(Neustar)Master Root DNS(Neustar)Root DNS SJCRoot DNS SJCRoot DNS HKG Root DNS HKG PLMNADNSDNSDNSDNSRoot DNS in AMSRoot DNS in AMSAicent slave GSMA Root DNS hosted by NeustarCU need only set Aicent DNS as
48、 root to reach the whole GSM world38Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialAicent Root DNS service work flow39Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialStep by step Aicent DNS work flow1.The VSGSN device queries the VPLMN DNS server with a specific APN.2.The VPLMN DNS queries Aicents 3GRX Root DNS serv
49、er for the APN.3.The Aicent 3GRX Root DNS server returns the IP address of the HPLMN DNS server that knows the answer of the APN query.4.The VPLMN DNS server then sends direct query to the HPLMN DNS server asking for the corresponding GGSN IP address of the requested APN.5.The HPLMN DNS server retri
50、eves the HGGSN IP address and returns it to the VPLMN DNS.6.The VPLMN DNS sends the HGGSN IP address back to the VSGSN.7.The VSGSN establishes GTP tunnel to the HGGSN.40Aicent,Inc.Proprietary and ConfidentialPRD IR33GPRS Roaming GuidelineIR.33:GPRS Roaming GuidelinesThe Access Point Name-APN?the use