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1、Grammar时态复习现在完成时现在完成时 1 The Definition of the Present Perfect Tense 现在完成时的概念现在完成时的概念21.表示到现在为止所完成的工作量。（完成用法）Ihavealreadylearn2,000thousandEnglishwords.Thefactoryhasalreadymadeonemillioncars.2.表示过去发生的事情对现在造成了影响。（影响用法）Ihavelostmybike.Theshophasclosed.3.表示动作从过去某个时候开始，一直延续到现在。（延续用法）MygrandpahaslivedinGu
2、angzhoufor80years.句子结构：肯：have/has+done否：have/has+not+done疑：Have/Hasdone?e.galready,yet,ever,never,just,once/twice,thisisthefirst/secondtime,before(单独放于句末),inthepast/lastfewyears,sofar,since+过去的时间/过去时从句,for+一段时间,etc.常用的时间状语：q have gone toq have been toq have been in3用havegoneto,havebeeto和havebeenin填空
3、：1.“_ you _ to Beijing?”2.“No,I _ never _ there.”3.2.“Can I speak to your father?”4.“He _ _ _ Shanghai on business.”5.3.“Where _ you _?”6.“I have _ _ the library.”Have been have been ha has gone to have been4been to4.“_ LiLei ever_ to Xiangjiang Wild Animal Zoo?”“Yes,twice.”5.“How many times_you_ _
4、Hainan Island?”“Never.”6.My father isnt home.Hes in Beijing now.He _ _ _ Beijing for about five days.Has beenhave been tohas been in5 7.Annie and her family are not in Guangzhou now.They _ _ _ Hong Kong.Nobody of them _ _ there before.So far,they have _ _ Hong Kong for three days.have gone tohas bee
5、nbeen in6His grandpa has died.().()His grandpa has died for five years.（）Discuss it:Which sentence is right and Discuss it:Which sentence is right and which is wrong?Why?which is wrong?Why?TF8瞬间动词和延续动词7表示短暂动作、瞬间性的动词，如：表示短暂动作、瞬间性的动词，如：come,go,leave,arrive,end,buy,sell,marry,die等，它们的完成时态不等，它们的完成时态不能与能
6、与for，since,How long?等等表示一段时间的状语连用，但是可以表示一段时间的状语连用，但是可以改为其他表示相同意思的延续性动作改为其他表示相同意思的延续性动作或短语。或短语。瞬间动词9瞬间动词和延续动词对照表瞬间动词延续动词瞬间动词延续动词 go,come,arrive in/at.leave begin,start return buy join borrow become die end10be in,be here/therebe onhavekeepbe deadbe away from,be offbe backbe inbe a be over 巧记巧记10个常用的瞬
7、间性动词：个常用的瞬间性动词：开始离去借来还，开始离去借来还，出生入死买到家。出生入死买到家。“开始离去借来还开始离去借来还”指的是指的是begin,leave,go,borrow,come,return等等六个瞬间性动词。六个瞬间性动词。“出生入死买到家出生入死买到家”指的是指的是join,die,buy,arrive等四个瞬间性动词。等四个瞬间性动词。11正确翻译下列句子，注意延续和非延续的用法：1.火车已经达到广州。火车已经达到广州。The train_ _ in Guangzhou already.2.火车已经达到广州五个小时了。火车已经达到广州五个小时了。The train_ _ i
8、n Guangzhou for five hours.3.他爷爷已经去世了。他爷爷已经去世了。His grandfather _ _.4.他爷爷已经去世一年了。他爷爷已经去世一年了。His grandfather_ _ _ for a year.has arrivedhas beenhas diedhas been dead125.我从图书馆借了一本英语书。我从图书馆借了一本英语书。I _ _ an English book from the library.6.我从图书馆借这本英语书一个月了。我从图书馆借这本英语书一个月了。I _ _ this English book from the l
9、ibraryfor a month.7.我哥哥已经参了军。我哥哥已经参了军。My brother _ _ the army.8.我哥哥已经参军两年了。我哥哥已经参军两年了。My brother_ _the army for two years.或或My brother_ _ an army man for two years.have borrowedhave kepthas joined has been in has been13Make Use of:since and for14The Past Tense vsThe Present Perfect Tense一般过去时 和和 现在完
10、成时15Tell the differences between the Tell the differences between the following sentences:following sentences:1.He lived in Guangzhou in 2000.2.2.He has lived in Guangzhou since 2000.(We dont know where he is living now.)(We know he is still living in Guangzhou now.)16Tell the differences between th
11、e Tell the differences between the following sentences:following sentences:1.He lived in Guangzhou in 2000.2.2.He has lived in Guangzhou since 2000.(We dont know where he is living now.We dont know where he is living now.)(We know he is still living in Guangzhou now.We know he is still living in Gua
12、ngzhou now.)livednowfuturefuturenowhaslived17 改错：改错：1.He has lived in Guangzhou three years ago.2.The factory has been there since three years.3.Where have you gone?You were not here a moment ago.4.“Where is your father?”“He has been to his office.”5.The old man has died for two years.Correct Your M
13、istakesCorrect Your Mistakes21 6.Mr Green has come to Guangzhou for a week.7.Miss Zhang worked in our school since she have come to Guangzhou.8.“How long did you live in the house?”“For about ten years.”9.“How many times did he read the novel?”“Twice.”2210.My brother joined the army since he left mi
14、ddle school.11.I have borrowed this book since two weeks.12.“Did you have supper yet?”“Yes,I have had it half an hour ago.”23一般过去时一般过去时1.yesterday系列系列2.last系列系列3.ago系列系列4.just now=a moment ago,用法：过去发生的动作或存在的状态。用法：过去发生的动作或存在的状态。时间状语：时间状语：5.long,long ago=once upon a time8.一切已过的时间一切已过的时间 in 19896.one d
15、ay7.at the age of 1010.上下文背景上下文背景否定形式：was/were+not；在行为动词前加didnt，后跟动词原形。疑问句：把be动词Was或Were放于句首；用助动词do的过去式Did 提问，后跟动词原形。结构：be动词was/were；行为动词用过去式 例如A:_you_(see)himintheclassroomjustnow?B:No.I_(see)anybody.I_(find)thedoorclosedallthetime.Didseedidntseefound过去进行时过去进行时用法：表示过去某一阶段或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。时间状语：atf
16、ouryesterdayafternoon,atthistimeyesterday,atthattime或以when/while引导的时间状语从句等。结构：was/were+doing否定形式：was/were+not+doing.一般疑问句：把助动词Was或Were放于句首。例如-What_you_(do)at9:00lastnight?-I_(do)myhomework.I_(not,do)anythingelseatthattime.weredoingwasdoingwasntdoing一般将来时一般将来时定义：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态以及定义：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态以及
17、打算、计划或准备做某事。打算、计划或准备做某事。时间状语：时间状语：1.tomorrow系列2.next系列3.in(twodays、afewminutes)系列4.later系列5.soon/Howsoon?6.一切未来的时间：in2020等等肯：肯：am/is/are/+going to+V原形；原形；will/shall+V原形。原形。(计划好计划好/人为决定的事情用人为决定的事情用be going to）否：否：am/is/are/+not+going to+V原形；原形；will/shall+not+V原形。原形。疑：疑：把助动词把助动词Am/Is/Are放于句首；放于句首；把助动词
18、把助动词Will/Shall放于句首。放于句首。结构结构例如Hewillgowithustomrrow.Hewontgowithustomrrow.Willhegowithustomrrow?Yes,hewill.No,hewont.Whatareyougoingtosay?Iamnotgoingtosayanything.时态学习难点时态学习难点1）一般现在时和一般将来时）一般现在时和一般将来时状语从句中，状语从句中，if;unless;when;as soon as;notuntil 等状语从句中，用现在时表将来等状语从句中，用现在时表将来.（主将从现）（主将从现）（09广州）Ifyouc
19、arefully,youthereportwell.A.willlisten;willbeunderstoodB.willlisten;understandC.listen;willunderstandD.listen;understandC（09湖北）湖北）Sheisgoingtobeareporterwhenshe_up.A.growsB.willgrow C.isgoingtogrowD.grew（09河北）河北）BesuretoletTomknowthenoticeassoonashe_.A.willarriveB.wasarrivingC.arrivesD.arrivedA C（09
20、南京）南京）Doyouhaveanyproblemsifyou_thisjob?A.offerB.willoffer C.areofferedD.willbeoffered（07天河）Idontknowifit_tomorrow.Ifit_,Iwillnotgofishing.A.rains,rainsB.rains,willrainC.willrain,rainsD.willrain,willrainC C 时态学习难点时态学习难点2）一般过去时和过去进行时）一般过去时和过去进行时用法上区分用法上区分：一般过去时指的是过去发生过的动作/事情。过去进行时指的是过去的某一具体时间正在发生的事情。
21、时间状语上区分时间状语上区分：一般过去时常和：过去时间，ago,last,justnow,when过去进行时常和：at+过去时间；atthattime,atthatmoment,then在在when和和while引导的状语从句中引导的状语从句中1）两个过去的动作/事情，如果一个动作发生在另一个动作正在进行之中，则该短时间动作用过去时，长时间动作用过去进行时。did（短时间）when/whilewasdoing（长时间）wasdoing（长时间）whendid（短时间）2）两个过去的动作/事情（持续性动作），如动作同时进行，两个动作都用wasdoingwasdoing（长时间）when/whil
22、ewasdoing课堂小测课堂小测用括号内动词的过去时或过去进行时填空：用括号内动词的过去时或过去进行时填空：1.While we _(have)English lesson,Miss Li _(come)in.2.What _ you _(do)when I _ (call)you last night?3.He _(jump)when he _(hear)the good news last Sunday.were havingcameweredoingcalledjumpedheard4.I_(do)my homework while Mum_(cook)from 6:oo to 7:0
23、0 yesterday.5.The baby _(cry)all the time lastnight,but she _(cry)only a little thismorning.6.While Class 1 _(have)Englishlesson,Class 2 _(have)mathsat this time yesterday.was doingwas cookingwas cryingcriedwere havingwere having（09兰州）IfirstmetLisathreeyearsagowhenwe_ataradiostationtogether.A.havewo
24、rkedB.hadbeenworkingB.C.wereworkingD.hadworked（09广东河源）Mysister_aletterwhenIgothomelastnight.A.iswritingB.waswritingC.wroteD.haswritten(07江苏）Nobodynoticedwhattheyoungman_atthatmoment.A.willdoB.wasdoingC.hasdoneD.haddoneC B B（09广州）广州）Howdidtheaccidenthappen?Youknow,itdifficulttoseetheroadclearlybecaus
25、eit.A.was;wasrainingB.is;hasrainedC.is;israiningD.willbe;willrain（09新疆）-Didyouseetheaccidentyesterday?-Yes.IthappenedwhenI_pastthemuseum.A.walkB.amwalkingC.willwalkD.waswalkingA D时态学习难点时态学习难点3）一般过去时和现在完成时）一般过去时和现在完成时从用法上区分：从用法上区分：一般过去时只是说明过去发生的动作或状态（发生一般过去时只是说明过去发生的动作或状态（发生过什么事）过什么事）(过去时间，ago,last,j
26、ustnow,when)现在完成时则说明：现在完成时则说明：1）过去发生的事情，对现在有影响（更强调对现在）过去发生的事情，对现在有影响（更强调对现在的影响）的影响）(just;already;yet)2）曾经做过某事；从未做过某事）曾经做过某事；从未做过某事(ever;never;before;times)3）动作从过去持续到现在（）动作从过去持续到现在（for+一段时间；一段时间；since+时间起点；时间起点；how long）Compare!1.Ihave lostmykey.Ilostmykeyyesterday.2.Someonehas cleanedtheclassroom.So
27、meonecleanedtheclassroomaweekago.（09武汉）武汉）Howcleanthebedroomis!Yes,Iamsurethatsomeoneit.A.cleansB.cleanedC.hascleanedD.hadcleaned（09山东）山东）-AreyougoingtohelpJohnwithhisChinesethisevening?-No,he_toEngland.Hewillbebacknextmonth.A.returnedB.hasreturnedC.returnsD.willreturnC B（09江苏）江苏）-Hello!CanIspeaktoM
28、r.White?-Sorry,heisnthererightnow.He_tothethemepark.A.willgoB.wasgoingC.hasgoneD.hasbeen（09陕西）陕西）-_you_yourdrawing?-Notyet!Itwillbedoneinafewminutes.A.Did;finishB.Will;finishC.Do;finishD.Have;finishedC D（09吉林）吉林）-Look,whatanoldpalace!Itlooksgreat!-Yeah,it_nearly800yearsago.A.wasbuildingB.wasbuilt C.
29、hasbuiltD.isbuilt（09吉林）吉林）-WherearetheGreens,mayIask?-Well,they_toEngland.Theyhavebeentherefornearlyaweeknow.A.havebeenB.aregoingtoB.C.havegoneD.willgoB C时态学习难点时态学习难点4）现在完成时中表示动作持续的）现在完成时中表示动作持续的动词选择动词选择现在完成时中表示动作从过去持续到现在，时间状语为for+一段时间；since+时间点；howlong的疑问句，谓语动词只能用持续性动词。Whendidyou_thishouse?-Well,I_
30、itforhalfayear.A.have;haveboughtB.buy,havehadC.buy;haveboughtD.had;havehad.Howlong_thefilmKingKong_?-Forjustafewminutes.A.Did,beginB.has,begunC.has,beenonD.had,beenonB D 1）主句为现在时态，从句根据实际情况可以）主句为现在时态，从句根据实际情况可以用任何时态。用任何时态。2）主句为过去时态，从句必须用相应的过去）主句为过去时态，从句必须用相应的过去时态时态 一般现在时一般现在时 一般过去时一般过去时 现在进行时现在进行时 过去
31、进行时过去进行时 一般将来时一般将来时 过去将来时过去将来时 现在完成时现在完成时 过去完成时过去完成时 一般过去时一般过去时 过去完成时过去完成时时态学习难点时态学习难点5）宾语从句中的时态选择）宾语从句中的时态选择Hesaidhe_withusifhe_free.A.wouldgo,wouldbeB.willgo,isC.willgo,willbeD.wouldgo,wasNobodynoticedwhattheyoungman_atthemoment.A.willdoB.wasdoingC.hasdoneD.haddoneHowdidMr.BlakelikeBeijing?-Hesaid
32、he_suchabeautifulcitybefore.A.doesntvisitB.didntvisitC.hasntvisitedD.hadntvisitedD B D 中考阅读技能突破中考阅读技能突破细节题细节题细节题要求学生准确捕获主要信息或细节信息，如时间、地点、人物、事件起因、发展、结果等。细节题的出题顺序一般和阅读顺序是一致的。细节题的答题要点如下：(1)熟悉题目要求，寻找关键词语，带着疑问进行阅读；(2)借助关键词语阅读原文，迅速找到关键词所在的段落和句子，并做记号；（如和第2题有关的，就在句子下划线，并写上2）(3)分析句子，准确地得出答案；(4)验证检查，如果答完题后还有时间，回到所划线部分检查。