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1、从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Instructor:Yingmin GuanEconomic Geography从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Instructor:Yingmin GuanThe Study
2、of Economic Geography Chapter 1从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。College of Urban and Environmental Sciences College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Instructor:Yingmin GuanInstructor:Yingmin GuanChapter 1 The Study of Economic GeographyChapter 1 The Study of Ec
3、onomic Geography 自然地理学自然地理学人文地理学人文地理学经济地理学经济地理学地理学的地理学的基础的，基本的基础的，基本的亚马孙热带雨林亚马孙热带雨林physical geographyhuman geographyeconomic geographygeographicfundamentalthe Amazon rain forest1.1 Introduction To Geographic Analysis从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。Chapter 1 The S
4、tudy of Economic GeographyChapter 1 The Study of Economic Geography Kansasrobbingsuburbanindividualneverthelessanalysisconvenience堪萨斯州堪萨斯州回采，回收；回采，回收；郊外的，偏远的郊外的，偏远的个人，个体的个人，个体的然而，不过；然而，不过；分析，分解分析，分解方便，有用的；方便，有用的；College of Urban and Environmental Sciences College of Urban and Environmental Sciences
5、Instructor:Yingmin GuanInstructor:Yingmin Guan1.1 Introduction To Geographic Analysis从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。Chapter 1 The Study of Economic GeographyChapter 1 The Study of Economic Geography The field of geography arises out of two fundamental human qual
6、ities.The origin of geographyCollege of Urban and Environmental Sciences College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Instructor:Yingmin GuanInstructor:Yingmin Guan从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。One is the need to know something about the local geography in order
7、 to carry out economic,social,and political activities,whether-gathering in the Amazon rain forest,growing wheat in twentieth-century Kansas,or robbing banks in modern suburban St.Louis.Chapter 1 The Study of Economic GeographyChapter 1 The Study of Economic Geography College of Urban and Environmen
8、tal Sciences College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Instructor:Yingmin GuanInstructor:Yingmin Guan The origin of geography从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。Chapter 1 The Study of Economic GeographyChapter 1 The Study of Economic Geography This geographic knowl
9、edge of the local area,although commonly taken for granted by an individual,is nevertheless an important part of geographic analysis.College of Urban and Environmental Sciences College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Instructor:Yingmin GuanInstructor:Yingmin Guan The origin of geography从使用情况来看，闭
10、胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。Chapter 1 The Study of Economic GeographyChapter 1 The Study of Economic Geography It is important to know how individuals and groups behave within their local geographic environment and why.College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Colle
11、ge of Urban and Environmental Sciences Instructor:Yingmin GuanInstructor:Yingmin Guan The origin of geography从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。Chapter 1 The Study of Economic GeographyChapter 1 The Study of Economic Geography Knowing the local geography is not mere
12、ly a convenience to an individual,but a necessity to the functioning of society and the economy.Taxi drivers need to know their local city geography,and so do city planners.College of Urban and Environmental Sciences College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Instructor:Yingmin GuanInstructor:Yingm
13、in Guan The origin of geography从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。Chapter 1 The Study of Economic GeographyChapter 1 The Study of Economic Geography curiositycuriosityastronautastronautdiplomatdiplomatfirsthandfirsthandfractionfractionproverbialproverbialicebergiceb
14、erg好奇心好奇心好奇心好奇心宇航员宇航员宇航员宇航员外交官外交官外交官外交官第一手地，直接地第一手地，直接地第一手地，直接地第一手地，直接地小部分，片断小部分，片断小部分，片断小部分，片断谚语，众所周知的谚语，众所周知的谚语，众所周知的谚语，众所周知的冰山冰山冰山冰山College of Urban and Environmental Sciences College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Instructor:Yingmin GuanInstructor:Yingmin Guan The origin of geography从使用情况来看
15、，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。Chapter 1 The Study of Economic GeographyChapter 1 The Study of Economic Geography tribesmanlegendpacedistinctionblurcyberspacevirtual realityManhattan Island部落男子部落男子部落男子部落男子传说，图例传说，图例传说，图例传说，图例步，速度步，速度步，速度步，速度差别，特性差别，特性差别，特性差别，特性污损，污点污损，
16、污点污损，污点污损，污点电脑空间电脑空间电脑空间电脑空间虚拟现实虚拟现实虚拟现实虚拟现实曼哈顿岛曼哈顿岛曼哈顿岛曼哈顿岛College of Urban and Environmental Sciences College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Instructor:Yingmin GuanInstructor:Yingmin Guan The origin of geography从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。The second hu
17、man quality leading to an interest in geography is the natural curiosity people have about distant places.Chapter 1 The Study of Economic GeographyChapter 1 The Study of Economic Geography College of Urban and Environmental Sciences College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Instructor:Yingmin Guan
18、Instructor:Yingmin Guan The origin of geography从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。Since most of us,astronauts and traveling diplomats apart,are relatively fixed geographically in our day-to-day activities,we see and know firsthand only a minute fraction of all there
19、 is to know about other places.Chapter 1 The Study of Economic GeographyChapter 1 The Study of Economic Geography College of Urban and Environmental Sciences College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Instructor:Yingmin GuanInstructor:Yingmin Guan The origin of geography从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤
20、压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。When we do travel,we all too frequently gain merely a passing flavor,seeing the proverbial tip of the iceberg.Chapter 1 The Study of Economic GeographyChapter 1 The Study of Economic Geography College of Urban and Environmental Sciences College of Urban and E
21、nvironmental Sciences Instructor:Yingmin GuanInstructor:Yingmin Guan The origin of geography从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。A tribesman listening to storied legends of far-off places,a family member scanning issues of the National Geographic magazine,a salesperso
22、n discovering a new regional market area-all are reacting to and are interested in the geography of other places.Chapter 1 The Study of Economic GeographyChapter 1 The Study of Economic Geography College of Urban and Environmental Sciences College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Instructor:Yingm
23、in GuanInstructor:Yingmin Guan The origin of geography从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。With the quickening pace and widening influence of technology,the distinction between local and distant geography is becoming blurred.Chapter 1 The Study of Economic GeographyCh
24、apter 1 The Study of Economic Geography College of Urban and Environmental Sciences College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Instructor:Yingmin GuanInstructor:Yingmin Guan The origin of geography从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。The World Wide Web allows the opp
25、ortunity for the most geographically remote locations to connect in global cyberspace with world-wide places in virtual reality.Chapter 1 The Study of Economic GeographyChapter 1 The Study of Economic Geography College of Urban and Environmental Sciences College of Urban and Environmental Sciences I
26、nstructor:Yingmin GuanInstructor:Yingmin Guan The origin of geography从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。I cannot go to Manhattan Island in less than four hours,but I can go there immediately in virtual reality.Chapter 1 The Study of Economic GeographyChapter 1 The S
27、tudy of Economic Geography College of Urban and Environmental Sciences College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Instructor:Yingmin GuanInstructor:Yingmin Guan The origin of geography从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。stagedisciplinecontinuum continuahuman-physica
28、ltopical-regionalterrainhydrologydiagram Chapter 1 The Study of Economic GeographyChapter 1 The Study of Economic Geography College of Urban and Environmental Sciences College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Instructor:Yingmin GuanInstructor:Yingmin Guan阶段阶段学科学科连续统一体连续统一体人文自然人文自然整体局部整体局部地形地形水文水文
29、图表图表 Two fundamental continua in geography 从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。Before fixing on what economic geography is,we must say a few words,by way of setting the stage,concerning the discipline of geography in general.Chapter 1 The Study of Economic GeographyC
30、hapter 1 The Study of Economic Geography College of Urban and Environmental Sciences College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Instructor:Yingmin GuanInstructor:Yingmin Guan Two fundamental continua in geography 从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。We may usefully a
31、pproach geography by considering two continua:a human-physical continuum and a topical-regional continuum(Figure 1.1).Chapter 1 The Study of Economic GeographyChapter 1 The Study of Economic Geography College of Urban and Environmental Sciences College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Instructor:
32、Yingmin GuanInstructor:Yingmin Guan Two fundamental continua in geography 从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。Chapter 1 The Study of Economic GeographyChapter 1 The Study of Economic Geography Figure 1.1 Two fundamental continua in geography are the human-physical an
33、d the topical-regional.College of Urban and Environmental Sciences College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Instructor:Yingmin GuanInstructor:Yingmin Guan Two fundamental continua in geography 从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。Any geographic study treats,in vary
34、ing degrees,the physical environment and the human environment.Chapter 1 The Study of Economic GeographyChapter 1 The Study of Economic Geography College of Urban and Environmental Sciences College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Instructor:Yingmin GuanInstructor:Yingmin Guan Two fundamental con
35、tinua in geography 从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。Economic geography,emphasizing human production,distribution,and consumption activities,naturally falls toward the human end of the scale.Chapter 1 The Study of Economic GeographyChapter 1 The Study of Economic G
36、eography College of Urban and Environmental Sciences College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Instructor:Yingmin GuanInstructor:Yingmin Guan Two fundamental continua in geography 从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。Even here,climate,terrain,soil,and hydrology,for
37、example,will play a critical role at some level of analysis.Chapter 1 The Study of Economic GeographyChapter 1 The Study of Economic Geography College of Urban and Environmental Sciences College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Instructor:Yingmin GuanInstructor:Yingmin Guan Two fundamental contin
38、ua in geography 从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。representvariationWisconsinOhioSan Diegoconverselysoybean yieldcharacteristicapplicabilityChapter 1 The Study of Economic GeographyChapter 1 The Study of Economic Geography College of Urban and Environmental Science
39、s College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Instructor:Yingmin GuanInstructor:Yingmin Guan表现，描绘表现，描绘变化变化威斯康星州威斯康星州俄亥俄州俄亥俄州圣地亚哥圣地亚哥逆地，倒地逆地，倒地大豆产量大豆产量特有的，特性特有的，特性适用性适用性 Two fundamental continua in geography 从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。The second continuum rep
40、resents an approach to the analysis of the spatial variation in human and physical elements.Chapter 1 The Study of Economic GeographyChapter 1 The Study of Economic Geography College of Urban and Environmental Sciences College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Instructor:Yingmin GuanInstructor:Yin
41、gmin Guan Two fundamental continua in geography 从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。This approach may be through examination of the geography of a region the state of Wisconsin,the Ohio valley,or San Diego,for example.Chapter 1 The Study of Economic GeographyChapter
42、1 The Study of Economic Geography College of Urban and Environmental Sciences College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Instructor:Yingmin GuanInstructor:Yingmin Guan Two fundamental continua in geography 从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。Conversely,the emphasis
43、may be on a particular topic of geographic significance,such as areal variation in income,soybean yield,or incidence of violent crime,all of which vary from place to place and help characterize places.Chapter 1 The Study of Economic GeographyChapter 1 The Study of Economic Geography College of Urban
44、 and Environmental Sciences College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Instructor:Yingmin GuanInstructor:Yingmin Guan Two fundamental continua in geography 从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。One might study the economic geography of a region,a second region,a third
45、,and so on,until all the world was covered.Chapter 1 The Study of Economic GeographyChapter 1 The Study of Economic Geography College of Urban and Environmental Sciences College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Instructor:Yingmin GuanInstructor:Yingmin Guan Two fundamental continua in geography 从
46、使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。On the other hand-and more sensibly-one could decide on the major topics of economic geography and describe the principles involved in the distribution of various kinds of economic activities.Chapter 1 The Study of Economic Geograph
47、yChapter 1 The Study of Economic Geography College of Urban and Environmental Sciences College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Instructor:Yingmin GuanInstructor:Yingmin Guan Two fundamental continua in geography 从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。Basically,such
48、a topical(or systematic)organization is followed here.Chapter 1 The Study of Economic GeographyChapter 1 The Study of Economic Geography College of Urban and Environmental Sciences College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Instructor:Yingmin GuanInstructor:Yingmin Guan Two fundamental continua in
49、geography 从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，但在近些年的城市地下工程施工中已很少使用，在此不再说明。The regional approach focuses on a large number of variables or locational characteristics in a limited area,whereas the systematic approach analyzes a smaller number of functionally related characteristics over a wide ar
50、ea.Chapter 1 The Study of Economic GeographyChapter 1 The Study of Economic Geography College of Urban and Environmental Sciences College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Instructor:Yingmin GuanInstructor:Yingmin Guan Two fundamental continua in geography 从使用情况来看，闭胸式的使用比较广泛。敞开式盾构之中有挤压式盾构、全部敞开式盾构，