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1、Unit 1 Festivals around the worldFestivalsMAIN CONTENTS1.核心词汇核心词汇2.句子控3.Have a try第 一 讲 PART ONE Vacabulary Phrase核心词汇核心词汇in place 在适当的位置在适当的位置;准备就绪准备就绪in sbs place 处于处于某人的境地某人的境地take sbs place 代替某人代替某人 教材教材P P1 1原句原句 Discuss when they take place,what they celebrate and what people do at that time.讨
2、论讨论它们它们什么时候举行，庆祝什么，人们在那个时候做什么什么时候举行，庆祝什么，人们在那个时候做什么.take place 发生；举行；发生；举行；【辨析】take place,happen,occur,come about,break outtake place发生；举行；发生；举行；多指有组织，有计划的事件的发生。多指有组织，有计划的事件的发生。happen碰巧发生；碰巧发生；一般用于偶然或突发性事件。一般用于偶然或突发性事件。occur发生；出现；发生；出现；意义相当于意义相当于happen,occur to “被想到被想到”come about指指“未经计划而发生未经计划而发生”；常
3、用于否定和疑问句，多与常用于否定和疑问句，多与how连用。连用。break out爆发；爆发；多指战争、火灾、瘟疫、争吵等事件的发生。多指战争、火灾、瘟疫、争吵等事件的发生。以上表示以上表示“发生发生”的词或词组都是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。的词或词组都是不及物动词，不能用于被动语态。hunter n.猎人；猎犬；搜寻者猎人；猎犬；搜寻者 教材教材P P1原句原句 Sometimes celebrations would be held after hunters had caught animal.hunt v.打猎；搜索；追捕打猎；搜索；追捕 hunt for sth.寻找寻找/猎取某
4、物猎取某物有时，在猎人捕获动物后会举行庆祝活动。有时，在猎人捕获动物后会举行庆祝活动。starve v.(使使)饿死；饿死；(使使)挨饿挨饿 starve to death 饿死饿死 starve for sth.渴望得到某物渴望得到某物 starve to do sth.渴望做某事渴望做某事 教材教材P P2 2原句原句 At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find，especially during the cold winter months.在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬天的岁月，人们就会挨
5、饿。在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬天的岁月，人们就会挨饿。starvation n.挨饿，饿死 starving adj.饿极了 1.Millions of people starved _ death during the war.2.He starved _ meeting her once again.3.Thousands of people _(starve)if food doesnt reach the city.即学即用toforwill starve 教教材材P P2 2原原句句 The Western holiday Halloween also had i
6、ts origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people.belief n.n.相信，信赖；信仰；相信，信赖；信仰；have belief in sth.相信某事相信某事 =believe in sth.beyond belief 难以置信难以置信 hold the belief that.持有持有信念信念西方节日万圣节也源自人们古老的信念，认为亡者的灵魂会返回人间。西方节日万圣节也源自人们古老的信念，认为亡者的灵魂会返回人间。believe v.相信相信believable adj.可信的可信的unbeli
7、evable adj.难以置信的难以置信的 教教材材P P2 2原原句句 It is now a childrens festival,when they can dress up and go to their neighbours homes to ask for sweets.dress up 打扮，装饰；穿上盛装打扮，装饰；穿上盛装 现在这是孩子们的节日，他们可以打扮起来去邻居家要糖果。dress(sb)up(as.)(把某人把某人)装扮成装扮成(成成.).)dress sb in sth 给某人穿上某物给某人穿上某物 dress up in sth 穿上某物穿上某物 dress on
8、eself 自己穿衣服自己穿衣服 be dressed in 穿着穿着(状态in后接衣服或颜色)dress v.（给（给）穿衣）穿衣dress n.连衣裙；衣服连衣裙；衣服dressed adj.穿着衣服的；打扮好的穿着衣服的；打扮好的dressdress宾语是人，宾语是人，sbsb提前，用被动提前，用被动 教材教材P P2 2原句原句 If the neighbours do not give any sweets,the children might play a trick on them.play a trick/tricks on sb.捉弄某人捉弄某人 have a trick o
9、f doing sth.有做某事的习惯有做某事的习惯 trick sb.into doing sth.哄骗某人做某事哄骗某人做某事 trick sb.out of sth.骗取某人某物骗取某人某物 如果邻居不给糖果，孩子们可能会捉弄他们。如果邻居不给糖果，孩子们可能会捉弄他们。trick n.诡计诡计;恶作剧恶作剧;窍门窍门 v.欺骗欺骗,诈骗诈骗 即学即用1.He knew he _(trick),but it was too late.他知道自己被骗了，但为时已晚。2.No one could work out how I did the card_(trick).没有人能识破我的纸牌戏法
10、。3.Mother _ the medicine.妈妈骗我吃了药。4.She _(raise)her eyebrows at the end of a question.她有一个习惯，在提问题结束时总要扬起眉毛。had been trickedtrickstricked me into takinghas a trick of raising 教材教材2 2原句原句 For the Japanese festival Obon，people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors.在日本的
11、盂兰盆节，人们要扫墓、烧香，以缅怀祖先。in memory of 纪念纪念;追念追念 in favour of 支持；赞同；对某人有利支持；赞同；对某人有利 in face of 面临；面对面临；面对 in honour of 为纪念为纪念；祝贺；祝贺；为了向；为了向表示敬意表示敬意 in charge of 负责；掌管负责；掌管 in search of 寻找寻找 教材教材P P2 2原句原句 .,the leader who helped gain Indias independence from Britain.gain n.获得;收益 vt.得到；获得；增加；取得；从得到；获得；增加；
12、取得；从.中受益中受益 gain in.增长增长.;增加增加.A fall into the pit,a gain in your wit.吃一堑，长一智吃一堑，长一智帮助印度从英国独立出来的领导人。帮助印度从英国独立出来的领导人。independence n.独立性，自立性；自主独立性，自立性；自主;depend v.依赖，依靠；dependent adj.依靠的；independent adj.独立的；单独的；independently adv.独立地；It/That(all)depends.这要看情况而定。award n.奖，奖品；奖金奖，奖品；奖金 v.授予；奖给授予；奖给 教材教材P
13、 P2 2原句原句 Some people might win awards for their farm produce,like biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster.win/get/receive an award for sth.因某事而获奖因某事而获奖.award sth to sb.=award sb sth 授予某人某物授予某人某物后多接双宾语后多接双宾语 award sb.sth.在多数场合下在多数场合下用被动形式用被动形式 be awarded有些人可能会因为他们的农产品而获奖，比如最大的西瓜或最英俊的公鸡。有些人可能
14、会因为他们的农产品而获奖，比如最大的西瓜或最英俊的公鸡。Make a comparisonMake a comparisonMake a comparisonMake a comparison1.Zaragoza has _ for his work in politics.Zaragoza因他的政治工作获得很多奖品。2.It is said that she_ of 1,000 dollars.据说她得到1 000美元的奖金。3.Medals_the best speakers on the debating team.奖章授给辩论队中的最佳演说者。won many awardsreceiv
15、ed an awardwere awarded to易混辨异:prize,reward,awardprize,reward,award(1)prize(1)prize为名词为名词,多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽彩中所赢得的奖。这种奖赏有多指在各类竞赛、竞争或抽彩中所赢得的奖。这种奖赏有的凭能力获得，有的凭运气获得。的凭能力获得，有的凭运气获得。(2)reward(2)reward 报答；酬劳；赏金；指对某人的工作或服务等的报答。也指因帮报答；酬劳；赏金；指对某人的工作或服务等的报答。也指因帮助助.而得到的赏金、酬金。作动词指通过努力获得回报，奖励。常用而得到的赏金、酬金。作动词指通过努力获得回报，奖
16、励。常用reward sb with sth.reward sb with sth.和和 reward sb for sth.reward sb for sth.(3)award(3)award作名词时与作名词时与prizeprize相似，都指因杰出成就而受奖相似，都指因杰出成就而受奖;往往强调荣誉而不往往强调荣誉而不在乎奖品的大小或奖金的多少。作动词用时在乎奖品的大小或奖金的多少。作动词用时awardaward意为意为“授与授与,颁发颁发;判给判给”。Make a comparisonMake a comparisonMake a comparisonMake a comparison用pr
17、ize，award，reward填空1The film won an Oscar _ for 2015.2If you won the _，how would you spend the money?3He gave the boy a _ of one pound for bringing back the lost dog.awardprizereward 教材教材2 2原句原句 China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals,when people admire the moon and in China,enjoy mooncakes.中国和日本都有
18、中秋节，人们在这一天赏月，在中国，人们还吃月饼。admire v.钦佩；赞美；欣赏 admire sb.for sth.因某事钦佩或羡慕某人因某事钦佩或羡慕某人 admiration n.钦佩；赞赏 in/with admiration 钦佩地；羡慕地 express admiration for sb.对某人表示钦佩 admiring adj.赞赏的，羡慕的 教材教材2 2原句原句 People love to get together to eat,drink and have fun with each other.人们喜欢聚在一起吃喝玩乐。have fun 玩得开心玩得开心have f
19、un with sb enjoy oneself with sb.have a good time with sb.和某人玩得开心 fun n.乐趣；玩笑乐趣；玩笑 不可数不可数for fun 开玩笑地；闹着玩地开玩笑地；闹着玩地 make fun of 取笑取笑 PART TWO Sentence句子控句子控 be+性质形容词性质形容词+动词不定式动词不定式 在此结构中，即使不定式中的动词和主语之间为逻辑上的被动关系，即使不定式中的动词和主语之间为逻辑上的被动关系，也要用主动形式。也要用主动形式。常用的词有：easy,difficult,hard heavy,light,comfortabl
20、e,fit,pleasant,interesting等。如果不定式后面的动词如果不定式后面的动词是不及物动词，则要加上适当的介词或副词。是不及物动词，则要加上适当的介词或副词。1.The question is difficult to answer.I have to turn to my teacher.2.The environment is comfortable to work in.1.At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find，especially during the cold winter mo
21、nths.P1 在那个时候，如果食物很难找到，人们就会挨饿，尤其是在寒冷的冬天。with+宾语宾语+介词短语介词短语 是是withwith 复合结构中的一种复合结构中的一种。通常在句中充当状语（表伴随情况和原通常在句中充当状语（表伴随情况和原因）和后置定语。因）和后置定语。The teacher entered the classroom,with a book in his hand.2.On this important feast day,people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with“bones”on them.在这个重要的节
22、庆日子里，人们会吃制成颅骨形状的食物，和装点有“骨头”的蛋糕。P2 3.The country,covered with cherry tree flowers,looks as though it is covered with pink snow.P2 整个国家被樱花覆盖着，看起来就像覆盖了一层粉红色的雪。as if/as though+从句从句 as if/as though 用法相同，表“好像，似乎”引导表语从句或方式状语从句。1.当句子所述是真实或极有可能发生或存在的事实时，用陈述语气；2.当句子所述是不真实或极少可能发生或存在的情况时，用虚拟语气；与现在事实相反与现在事实相反与过去
23、事实相反与过去事实相反与将来与将来事实相反事实相反did/werehad+done、could have done should/would/could/might+doMAIN CONTENTS1.核心词汇核心词汇2.句子控4.Have a try第 二 讲 教材教材5 5原句原句 You want to ask your mum for permission to go to the cinema with your friends.permission n.允许，许可；允许，许可；许可证；书面许可（可数）许可证；书面许可（可数）ask permission(for sth).(为某事为某
24、事)请求许可请求许可 without permission 未经许可未经许可 permit-permitted-permitting v.许可；允许 permit sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 permit doing sth.允许做某事 time permitting 如果时间允许 （独立主格）（独立主格）你想请求你妈妈允许你和朋友一起去看电影。necessity n.n.需要；必然性；必需品需要；必然性；必需品 Its necessary(for sb)to do sth 对某人来说做某事是必要的 Its necessary that.(should)+do 有必要(强调感情色
25、彩用虚拟强调感情色彩用虚拟)make it necessary(for sb)to do sth 使某人有必要做某事 necessary adj.必要的；必需的；necessary的主语不能是人 if necessary 如有必要如有必要 when necessary 必要时必要时 教材教材P P7 7原句原句 But she didnt turn up.turn down 关小；调低；拒绝 turn off 关上；转弯 turn out 出席；制造；结果是 turn over 翻转；交付；反复考虑 turn to 求助于；转向 turn against 背叛；反抗 turn in 上交；欺骗
26、 turn away 不准入内；走开但是她没有出现。turn up 出现；发生；开大；出现；发生；开大；到场；被找到到场；被找到 keep ones word 遵守诺言遵守诺言 教材教材P P7 7原句原句 She said she would be there at seven oclock,and he thought she would keep her word.break ones word 失信 keep/break ones promise 守信/失信 have a word with.与谈一谈 have words with sb.about sth.因某事与某人争吵 in o
27、ther words 换句话说 in a word 简而言之她说她将在7点钟到那里，他认为她会信守诺言的。hold ones breath 屏息；屏气 教材教材P P7 7原句原句 Well,he was not going to hold his breath for her to apologize.好吧，他不想屏息等待她道歉。breathe v.呼吸 breathe in 吸气 breathe out 呼气 breathless adj.气喘吁吁的 out of breath 上气不接下气 at a breath 一口气地 lose ones breath 喘不过气来用breath短语的
28、适当形式填空1.After the long race，the girl _(上气不接下气)2.We _(屏住呼吸)while Mr.Evans read the exam results.3.Lily was _(喘不过气来)when she answered the telephone.即学即用lost her breathheld our breathout of breath apologize vi.道歉，谢罪；辩解，辩护1.apologize to sb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉 apologize to sb.that.向某人道歉2.apology n
29、道歉 make an apology to sb.for sth.因某事向某人道歉 owe an apology to sb 向某人道歉 apologize不能直接接人作宾语，须在人前加“to”此类词还有:explain announce,suggest,report,say等。announcer n.广播员；主持人 announce v.宣布 宣告 通告 announce sth to sb.向某人宣告某事 It is announced that.据宣布 announcement n.公告；宣告；通告 set off 出发；引起；动身；使爆炸出发；引起；动身；使爆炸 教材教材P P7 7原
30、句原句 As Li Fang set off for home,he thought,“I guess Hu Jin doesnt love me”.set aside 留出；驳回，撤销 set out 出发；开始；陈述；陈列当李芳准备回家时，他想当李芳准备回家时，他想:“:“我我想想胡瑾不爱我了。胡瑾不爱我了。”remind vt.提醒；使想起 教材教材P P7 7原句原句 I dont want them to remind me of her.我不想因它们想起她来。我不想因它们想起她来。remind“提醒，使想起”，指因外界的刺激而想起某事或某物，侧重提醒recall 指“回忆起，使想起
31、”，侧重于有意识的，常用于“recall sth.(to sb.)”结构中 remind sb.of.使某人想起 remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人去做某事12 forgive v.原谅；免除 教材教材P P7 7原句原句 She would never forgive him.她永远也不会原谅他。她永远也不会原谅他。forgive me 请原谅；对不起forgive ones doing sth.原谅某人做了某事forgive sb.for(doing)sth.原谅某人(做了)某事1._出现；到场2._出发；动身；使爆炸3._搞恶作剧4._纪念；追念5._盛装；打扮；装饰6._
32、期望7._玩得开心8._守信用9._屏息10._使想起 turn upset offplay a trick onin memory ofdress uplook forward tohave fun withkeep ones wordhold ones breathremind.of.重点短语再现 PART TWO Sentence句子控句子控 It be+adj.+that.1.itit在句中作形式主语，代指后面that引导的主语从句主语从句。2.It is/was obvious/clear that.=Obviously/clearly.很明显很明显././显而易见显而易见.3.ob
33、vious3.obvious，possiblepossible，strangestrange，naturalnatural，important.important.4.It be+adj./pp./n.+that4.It be+adj./pp./n.+that从句从句 It vi.+thatIt vi.+that从句从句 1.It was obvious that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.很明显，咖啡馆里的经理在等李方离开很明显，咖啡馆里的经理在等李方离开 P 7 make+宾语+宾补 使某
34、人/某物.get/be married to sb.与某人结婚 marry 是瞬间动词，完成时态里不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，但可用be married.marry=get married,marriage n.结婚；婚姻;婚礼 married adj.已婚的2.When the Goddess of Heaven knew that her granddaughter was married to a human,she became very angry and made the weaing girl return to Heaven.P7 当王母娘娘知道她的孙女嫁给了一个凡人时，她勃
35、然大怒，强行把织女带回天宫。句中while she was on earth作时间状语。while作连词时的主要用法：(1)“当的时候”，引导时间状语从句 (2)“只要”，表示条件 (3)“但是，可是”表示对比 (4)“虽然；尽管”表示转折3.While she was on earth she met the herd boy Niulang and they fell in love.她在人间遇到了牛郎，两人相爱了 P7 PART THREE Grammar语语法法情态动词表推测用法小结情态动词对现在或将来情况的推测对现在或将来正在进行的推测对过去情况的推测肯定推测 mustmust+vm
36、ust+be doingmust+have done可能推测may/mightmay/might+vmay/might+be doingmay/might+have done否定推测cantcouldntcant/couldnt+vcant/couldnt+be doing cant/couldnt+have done疑问推测can/couldcan/could+vcan/could+be doingcan/could+have done这是历年高考热点之一，可表示这是历年高考热点之一，可表示“推测、责备、怀疑推测、责备、怀疑”等多种意义。等多种意义。情态动词情态动词+have done一、表
37、示对过去事情的推测或估计一、表示对过去事情的推测或估计1.must have done “过去肯定已经做了某事过去肯定已经做了某事”2.may/might have done “可能可能/大概已经做了某事大概已经做了某事”3.cant/couldnt have done“不可能已经做了某事不可能已经做了某事”注：在疑问句中 can/could 表示对过去情况的疑问性推测，“可能已经可能已经了吗？了吗？”二、表示对过去所发生事情的遗憾或责备二、表示对过去所发生事情的遗憾或责备1.should/ought to have done “过去本应该做而没做过去本应该做而没做”2.shouldnt/ou
38、ghtnt to have done “过去本不应该做的事却做了过去本不应该做的事却做了”3.could/might have done “本来能够做的事却没做本来能够做的事却没做”4.neednt have done “原本不必做的事却做了原本不必做的事却做了”5.Would like to have done “本打算做某事但没做成本打算做某事但没做成”PART THREE1.The children,_ had played the whole day long,were worn out.A.all of what B.all of which C.all of them D.all
39、of whom2.John invited about 40 people to his wedding,most of _are family members.A.them B.that C.which D.whomDD1.Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers,almost three times the number hired last year,_reduce unemployment pressures.A.help B.t
40、o have helped C.to help D.having helped C 解析 根据句意可知此处应该选动词不定式作目的状语。2.The traffic is heavy these days.I _ arrive a bit late,so could you save me a place?A.can B.must C.need D.might D解析 句意为：近来交通拥挤,我可能会到得晚一点，你能给我占个位子吗？表示不确定的推测用might。can表示“可能”，把握性比might大;must表示“肯定”，是非常接近于事实的推断；need表示“必要，需要”；三者均与句意不符。3.I
41、t is obvious to the students _ they should get well prepared for their future.A.as B.which C.whether D.thatD 解析 句中it为形式主语,that引导的主语从句为真正的主语。句意为：很明显对学生们来说,他们应当为未来做好充分的准备4.It just isnt fair,_I was working as a waiter last month，my friends were lying on the beach.A.whenever B.though C.for D.whileD解析 句意为:这真不公平。上个月当我在做服务员的时候,我的朋友们正躺在沙滩上。表示“与此同时”用while,引导时间状语从句。5.Excuse me,Marcia,a reporter from Vanity Fair _ all day.Could you speak to her now?A.phones B.has phoned C.has been phoning D.phonedC 解析 句意为：对不起，玛西娅，一位来自Vanity Fair的记者一整天都在打电话,你现在能和她通话吗?表示过去开始的动作一直持续进行到现在用现在完成进行时。题干中all day表示一段时间。THANK YOU