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1、目录目录专题一记叙文型语法填空专题二说明文型语法填空专题三议论文型语法填空模块语法填空模块语法填空模块模块 语法填空语法填空考纲解读模块模块 考纲解读考纲解读语法填空是广东省自行设计的一种新题型，语法填空是广东省自行设计的一种新题型，具有一具有一定的创新意义。主要的创新在于：在语篇层面上考查语定的创新意义。主要的创新在于：在语篇层面上考查语言知识，言知识，符合新课标倡导的语言学习理念；试题设计采符合新课标倡导的语言学习理念；试题设计采用了填空方式，用了填空方式，而不是单项选择，而不是单项选择，真正激活了学生的真正激活了学生的语言知识及应用能力，语言知识及应用能力，对中学英语教学有较好的反馈作对
2、中学英语教学有较好的反馈作用；考试内容不仅涉及句子的语法结构，用；考试内容不仅涉及句子的语法结构，还包括构词法、还包括构词法、篇章连贯和意义对句子结构的制约作用篇章连贯和意义对句子结构的制约作用(比如：代词的指比如：代词的指称涉及篇章的连贯等称涉及篇章的连贯等),),符合语言真实性的要求，符合语言真实性的要求，让学让学生在更加真实的语境中运用自己的语言知识。生在更加真实的语境中运用自己的语言知识。命题分析模块模块 命题分析命题分析主要考查的知识点：一是语法，二是上下文的连贯主要考查的知识点：一是语法，二是上下文的连贯性，而且语法是重点。它主要考查考生对高中英语大纲性，而且语法是重点。它主要考查
3、考生对高中英语大纲要求的基本语法知识、词汇、习语和较为简单的英语表要求的基本语法知识、词汇、习语和较为简单的英语表达方式的掌握和逻辑推理能力等情况。其命题特点如下：达方式的掌握和逻辑推理能力等情况。其命题特点如下：1 1短文长度：在短文长度：在150150200200词左右，其中词左右，其中20072007年高考年高考题是题是197197词，词，20082008年高考题是年高考题是185185词，词，20092009年高考题是年高考题是220220词。词。20102010年高考题是年高考题是182182词。词。模块模块 命题分析命题分析2 2考查篇章理解。语法填空是以短文为载体，考查考查篇章理
4、解。语法填空是以短文为载体，考查语法的同时，也考查了考生对语篇的理解。语法的同时，也考查了考生对语篇的理解。3 3考查基础语法。所填词语既要意思连贯和逻辑正考查基础语法。所填词语既要意思连贯和逻辑正确确(符合语境符合语境),),又要语法正确。重点考查动词、代词、介又要语法正确。重点考查动词、代词、介词、冠词、词类转换等基础知识。词、冠词、词类转换等基础知识。4 4命题形式：命题形式：(1)(1)给出提示词题型：填实义词给出提示词题型：填实义词用括号里所给词用括号里所给词的适当形式填空。主要提供的是动词、形容词、名词三大的适当形式填空。主要提供的是动词、形容词、名词三大类，考生需要根据语境写出正
5、确的词形，一般有类，考生需要根据语境写出正确的词形，一般有3 3个小题。个小题。包括动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比包括动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较等级、名词的单复数，以及词类或词义的转换等。较等级、名词的单复数，以及词类或词义的转换等。模块模块 命题分析命题分析(2)(2)纯空格题型：填功能词纯空格题型：填功能词空后没给词，要求考空后没给词，要求考生根据文意、上下文连贯性和行文逻辑，填入一个恰当生根据文意、上下文连贯性和行文逻辑，填入一个恰当的词，包括代词、介词、限定词的词，包括代词、介词、限定词 (冠词、物主代词、指冠词、物主代词、指示代词等示代词等)、连
6、词、时间及地点副词等。这类题大约有、连词、时间及地点副词等。这类题大约有7 7小题。小题。5 5三年高考语法考点：三年高考语法考点：从考试说明的样题和近两年的高考题来看，实词以动词、从考试说明的样题和近两年的高考题来看，实词以动词、代词、形容词、副词为主，其中动词又是重中之重；虚代词、形容词、副词为主，其中动词又是重中之重；虚词以介词、冠词为主。而句法方面主要考查复合句的引词以介词、冠词为主。而句法方面主要考查复合句的引导词，如定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句。导词，如定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句。模块模块 命题分析命题分析近三年语法填空题考点分布情况近三年语法填空题考点分布情况考考查查知知识
7、识点点分布分布动词动词(含含非非谓谓语语)形容形容词词、副副词词连词连词、从句、从句、引引导导词词介介词词代代词词冠冠词词名名词词20082008年年2 2个个2 2个个2 2个个2 2个个2 2个个0 0个个0 0个个20092009年年3 3个个0 0个个1 1个个2 2个个2 2个个1 1个个1 1个个20102010年年3 3个个2 2个个2 2个个1 1个个1 1个个1 1个个0 0个个应试点睛模块模块 应试点睛应试点睛语法填空要求考生阅读一篇短文，语法填空要求考生阅读一篇短文，然后按照句子结然后按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求完成构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求完成1010道语法
8、填空题。道语法填空题。做题要求：一是在空格处填入适当的词；二是使用括号做题要求：一是在空格处填入适当的词；二是使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。此题的短文长度应在中词语的正确形式填空。此题的短文长度应在200200词左右。词左右。学生在解答语法填空题时应具备以下语法知识：学生在解答语法填空题时应具备以下语法知识：模块模块 应试点睛应试点睛一、语法填空的考查范围：一、语法填空的考查范围：1 1语境语境(上下文上下文)；2 2语法：动词语法：动词(时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语形时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语形式式)、名词、代词、冠词、介词。、名词、代词、冠词、介词。固定搭配、情态动词、复合句、形容词和副
9、词的比较级固定搭配、情态动词、复合句、形容词和副词的比较级最高级及构词法、倒装等。最高级及构词法、倒装等。(1)(1)动词：动词时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语动动词：动词时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语动词等知识。词等知识。(2)(2)引导词：注意一些从句的使用，引导词：注意一些从句的使用，如：定语从句、如：定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句等。名词性从句、状语从句等。模块模块 应试点睛应试点睛(3)(3)形容词、副词、名词、动词之间的词型、词性转形容词、副词、名词、动词之间的词型、词性转换，换，形容词与副词的比较级、最高级等知识。形容词与副词的比较级、最高级等知识。(4)(4)介词：一些常用介词的基本
10、用法、介词短语和动介词：一些常用介词的基本用法、介词短语和动词短语的用法。词短语的用法。(5)(5)名词、冠词：注意名词的单、复数、可数、不可名词、冠词：注意名词的单、复数、可数、不可数以及冠词的特殊性用法。数以及冠词的特殊性用法。(6)(6)代词：注意代词所指代的对象和前后对应的关系。代词：注意代词所指代的对象和前后对应的关系。(7)(7)并列词：并列词：and,so,or,otherwiseand,so,or,otherwise等表示并列、等表示并列、对比，对比，以及表示承接、转折的副词以及表示承接、转折的副词therefore,howevertherefore,however的的用法。用
11、法。模块模块 应试点睛应试点睛(8)(8)句型：要求归纳整理，句型：要求归纳整理，并且牢固掌握一些基本并且牢固掌握一些基本常用句型，常用句型，如：如：notnotuntiluntil；not onlynot onlybut but(also)(also)；sosothatthat；notnotbutbut；asasasas；eithereitheroror；moremorethanhan；neitherneithernornor；suchsuchthatthat；hardlyhardlywhenwhen；no no soonersoonerthanthan等。等。二、语法填空的能力要求：二、语
12、法填空的能力要求：1 1阅读阅读/理解语篇的能力理解语篇的能力2 2分析句子结构的能力分析句子结构的能力3 3熟练运用语法的能力熟练运用语法的能力4 4单词拼写能力单词拼写能力模块模块 应试点睛应试点睛专题一专题一 记叙文型语记叙文型语 法填空法填空专题一专题一 记叙文型语法填空记叙文型语法填空专题导读专题一专题一 专题导读专题导读记叙文体裁主要是记人、叙事、写景、状物一类的记叙文体裁主要是记人、叙事、写景、状物一类的文章，是常见的文体，在语法填空篇章中，其语言特点文章，是常见的文体，在语法填空篇章中，其语言特点有：有：1 1以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅。合理使用丰以一般过去时为主，其他时态
13、为辅。合理使用丰富多彩的谓语动词时态，才使文章中所叙述的动作具有富多彩的谓语动词时态，才使文章中所叙述的动作具有层次感和立体感。层次感和立体感。2 2广泛使用动态动词。这些动词的存在会使文章充广泛使用动态动词。这些动词的存在会使文章充满满“动感动感”，而这种让往事历历在目的，而这种让往事历历在目的“动感动感”正是优正是优秀的记叙文所要追求的效果。秀的记叙文所要追求的效果。专题一专题一 专题导读专题导读考考生不要读一句就急于填答案，首先通读文章，生不要读一句就急于填答案，首先通读文章，了解文段中谈及的要点、发生的时间、地点、原因、了解文段中谈及的要点、发生的时间、地点、原因、人物及其关系等，要特
14、别关注整篇文章的时态变换。人物及其关系等，要特别关注整篇文章的时态变换。典例导练专题一专题一 典例导练典例导练20092009 广东广东 Jane was walking round the department store.She Jane was walking round the department store.She remembered how difficult 1._ was to choose a remembered how difficult 1._ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.She
15、 wished suitable Christmas present for her father.She wished that he was as easy 2._(please)as her motherthat he was as easy 2._(please)as her mother，who was always delighted with perfume.who was always delighted with perfume.BesidesBesides，shopping at this time of the year was shopping at this time
16、 of the year was not 3._ pleasant experiencenot 3._ pleasant experience：people stepped people stepped on your feet or 4._(push)you with their on your feet or 4._(push)you with their elbows(elbows(肘部肘部)，hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.专题一专题一 典例导练典例导练Jane paused i
17、n front of a counter 5._ some Jane paused in front of a counter 5._ some attractive ties were on display.attractive ties were on display.“They are real They are real silksilk，”the assistant tried to attract her.the assistant tried to attract her.“Worth Worth double the price.double the price.”But Ja
18、ne knew from past But Jane knew from past experience that her 6._(choose)of ties experience that her 6._(choose)of ties hardly ever pleased her father.hardly ever pleased her father.Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered.She found some good q
19、uality pipes gathered.She found some good quality pipes 7._ sale.She did not hesitate for long7._ sale.She did not hesitate for long：although her father smoked a pipe only once in a although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while,she knew that this was a present which was while,she knew that
20、this was a present which was bound to please 8._.bound to please 8._.专题一专题一 典例导练典例导练although her father smoked a pipe only once in although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while,she knew that this was a present which a while,she knew that this was a present which was bound to please 8._.was
21、bound to please 8._.When Jane got homeWhen Jane got home，with her small but with her small but wellwell chosen present in her bagchosen present in her bag，her parents her parents were already 9._ table having supper.Her were already 9._ table having supper.Her mother was excitedmother was excited，“Y
22、our father has at last Your father has at last decided to stop smokingdecided to stop smoking，”Jane 10._ Jane 10._(inform)(inform)专题一专题一 典例导练典例导练 参考答案：参考答案：【文章大意文章大意】本文讲述本文讲述JaneJane在圣诞节给父亲选礼物，在圣诞节给父亲选礼物，因往年送父亲领带不能使父亲高兴，满以为这次买烟斗送父因往年送父亲领带不能使父亲高兴，满以为这次买烟斗送父亲会让父亲高兴的，却被告知父亲终于戒烟了。亲会让父亲高兴的，却被告知父亲终于戒烟了。1
23、1itit在宾语从句中作形式主语，真正的主语是在宾语从句中作形式主语，真正的主语是to to choosechoose2 2to pleaseto please在形容词后作状语，只能用动词不定式。在形容词后作状语，只能用动词不定式。3 3a a表示表示“一次一次”愉快的经历。愉快的经历。4 4pushedpushed与与steppedstepped并列，也用一般过去时。并列，也用一般过去时。5 5wherewhere两句之间没有连词；后句是定语从句，要填两句之间没有连词；后句是定语从句，要填的词在从句中作地点状语，故填关系副词的词在从句中作地点状语，故填关系副词wherewhere。专题一专题
24、一 典例导练典例导练 6 6choicechoice在形容词性物主代词后一定是用名词形式。在形容词性物主代词后一定是用名词形式。7 7ononon saleon sale表示表示“出售出售”，是固定搭配。，是固定搭配。8 8himhim给父亲买礼物，根据常识应是使父亲高兴，作给父亲买礼物，根据常识应是使父亲高兴，作宾语用代词。宾语用代词。please himplease him使他高兴。使他高兴。himhim在此指在此指her fatherher father。9 9atat名词名词(table)(table)在句中不作主语，也不作动词的宾在句中不作主语，也不作动词的宾语，很可能就是作介词的宾
25、语；由语，很可能就是作介词的宾语；由having supperhaving supper可知，填可知，填atat；因为；因为at tableat table表示表示“在餐桌边，在进餐在餐桌边，在进餐”，也是习惯搭，也是习惯搭配。配。1010was informedwas informed因因JaneJane与与informinform是被动关系，又是是被动关系，又是一般过去时。一般过去时。专题预测专题一专题一 专题预测专题预测(一一)Two friends visited a zoo together,but the zoo Two friends visited a zoo together
26、,but the zoo was so large that it was impossible to go was so large that it was impossible to go everywhere.They had to decide the place and which everywhere.They had to decide the place and which animals to visit as their time was limited.So both animals to visit as their time was limited.So both o
27、f them agreed not to retrace after of them agreed not to retrace after 1._(choose)a branch at every fork.1._(choose)a branch at every fork.A road sign at the first fork showed one way to A road sign at the first fork showed one way to the lion quarters and the other 2._the tiger the lion quarters an
28、d the other 2._the tiger hill.They decided on the former after a briefhill.They decided on the former after a brief专题一专题一 专题预测专题预测 3._(discuss)because lions were 3._(discuss)because lions were“the king the king of the grasslandof the grassland”.The second showed a division.The second showed a divisi
29、on going 4._(separate)to the panda and going 4._(separate)to the panda and peacock;they favored a panda as 5._was the peacock;they favored a panda as 5._was the nationnations treasure.Thus they made choices all s treasure.Thus they made choices all along the way and each choice meant 6._ along the w
30、ay and each choice meant 6._(give)up what they couldn(give)up what they couldnt help regretting.But t help regretting.But they had to make it,and immediately,for it they had to make it,and immediately,for it brooked no delay.If they hesitated they would brooked no delay.If they hesitated they would
31、miss more.Only a rapid one could offer more miss more.Only a rapid one could offer more chances for sightseeing andchances for sightseeing and专题一专题一 专题预测专题预测 7._(reduce)possibleregret.Life is more 7._(reduce)possibleregret.Life is more 8._ less like this8._ less like thischoices often occur choices
32、often occur that one has to make,for example,between two that one has to make,for example,between two desirable jobs,two fascinating wooers(desirable jobs,two fascinating wooers(追求者追求者)to get one,you have to give up the otherto get one,you have to give up the otheryou you could only get half of them
33、.If you spend time could only get half of them.If you spend time weighing and calculating gains and 9._ weighing and calculating gains and 9._(lose),you will be most likely to end up in(lose),you will be most likely to end up in emptyempty handedness.Donhandedness.Dont be sad about it.At t be sad ab
34、out it.At least you have got half of the desirable things least you have got half of the desirable things in lifein lifesomething that 10._(be)hard to something that 10._(be)hard to come e by.专题一专题一 专题预测专题预测 参考答案：参考答案：(一一)1 1choosingchoosingafterafter后用动名词，后用动名词，故用故用choosingchoosing。2 2way toway to或
35、或toto3 3discussiondiscussion词性转换，词性转换，此处应为名词，此处应为名词，意为意为“经过一番讨论以后经过一番讨论以后”。4 4separatelyseparately副词修饰现在分词副词修饰现在分词goinggoing。5 5itit指上文的指上文的pandapanda。专题一专题一 专题预测专题预测 6 6givinggivingmean to do sth.mean to do sth.意为意为“打算去做什么打算去做什么”；mean doingmean doing意为意为“意味着意味着”。7 7reducereduce并列谓语，并列谓语，用原形，用原形，因因c
36、ouldcould为相同部分，为相同部分，可省略。可省略。8 8oror固定短语固定短语 more or less,more or less,意为意为“或多或少或多或少”。9 9losseslosses“损失损失”，可数名词。可数名词。1010isis考查主谓一致，考查主谓一致，定语从句的先行词为定语从句的先行词为something,something,故用故用isis。专题一专题一 专题预测专题预测 (二二)When I walk down Third Avenue,I love to look When I walk down Third Avenue,I love to look 1._
37、the windows of the little shops that 1._the windows of the little shops that sell old and beautiful things.Since I often take sell old and beautiful things.Since I often take my walk after closing time,I 2._(cup)my my walk after closing time,I 2._(cup)my hands against the windows to get a small hand
38、s against the windows to get a small 3._ at the treasures inside.I see things 3._ at the treasures inside.I see things that tell a story 4._ words,bits of that tell a story 4._ words,bits of history,often something that 5._(be)history,often something that 5._(be)clearly one of a kind.Some things loo
39、k as if they clearly one of a kind.Some things look as if they have not been cared for deeply in a long time,buthave not been cared for deeply in a long time,but专题一专题一 专题预测专题预测 I know their beauty is 6._ there beneath I know their beauty is 6._ there beneath their own surface.This is 7._ I feel thei
40、r own surface.This is 7._ I feel about old people,too.I know their value,and it about old people,too.I know their value,and it hurts me when others miss it.I was raised by my hurts me when others miss it.I was raised by my grandmother and given a deep sense of the value grandmother and given a deep
41、sense of the value of experience.My sister and I were taught to of experience.My sister and I were taught to respect all people,regardless of their age,or respect all people,regardless of their age,or coco lor.My grandmother was loved by all the lor.My grandmother was loved by all the people around
42、her 8._ she was known to people around her 8._ she was known to 专题一专题一 专题预测专题预测 be a wise and kind woman,able to do things well be a wise and kind woman,able to do things well 9._ in her last years.Old people should 9._ in her last years.Old people should be treated 10._fine gold.They may be be trea
43、ted 10._fine gold.They may be tarnished by age,but they can be polished with tarnished by age,but they can be polished with respect.You might be surprised by their bright respect.You might be surprised by their bright and shining qualities.and shining qualities.专题一专题一 专题预测专题预测 参考答案：参考答案：(二二)1 1intoi
44、nto词组词组look into,look into,意为意为“往里看往里看”。2 2cuppedcupped构词法的考核，构词法的考核，名词转化为动词，名词转化为动词，且是且是重读闭音节，重读闭音节，故双写故双写p p。3 3looklookget a small lookget a small look，意为，意为“看了一眼看了一眼”。4 4withoutwithout依据上下文可理解为：不用语言来讲述的依据上下文可理解为：不用语言来讲述的故事。故事。5 5isis考查主谓一致，考查主谓一致，因先行词是因先行词是something,something,故用故用isis。专题一专题一 专题预
45、测专题预测 6 6stillstill依据上下文的理解是：它们的美依然还在。依据上下文的理解是：它们的美依然还在。7 7howhowhow I feelhow I feel我感觉如何，我感觉如何，故用故用howhow。8 8becausebecause因果关系。因果关系。9 9eveneven依据上下文的理解：即便是在她的风烛残年，依据上下文的理解：即便是在她的风烛残年，她仍然能把事情做好。她仍然能把事情做好。10 10 as/likeas/liketreat sb./sth.as/liketreat sb./sth.as/like把把当当看待。看待。专题二专题二 说明文型语说明文型语 法填空
46、法填空专题二专题二 说明文型语法填空说明文型语法填空专题导读专题二专题二 专题导读专题导读说明文是对事物的特征、本质、性能、状态，或事说明文是对事物的特征、本质、性能、状态，或事物的发生、发展、结果、用途、原理等进行介绍、解释、物的发生、发展、结果、用途、原理等进行介绍、解释、说明的一种文体。其语言特点有：说明的一种文体。其语言特点有：1 1多用现在时态。因为说明文通常是对客观事物或多用现在时态。因为说明文通常是对客观事物或事理的一种介绍与解释。事理的一种介绍与解释。2 2采用客观描述。说明文一般是对客观存在的说明采用客观描述。说明文一般是对客观存在的说明与介绍，因此，语言的表述也应该尽可能地
47、给人以客观与介绍，因此，语言的表述也应该尽可能地给人以客观可信的感觉。可信的感觉。专题二专题二 专题导读专题导读分析句子结构是答题过程中很关键的一步。做分析句子结构是答题过程中很关键的一步。做题时，首先确定句子的主谓宾成分，看看该句子缺题时，首先确定句子的主谓宾成分，看看该句子缺不缺谓语动词，然后再考虑非谓语动词或者其他成不缺谓语动词，然后再考虑非谓语动词或者其他成分。此时，要借助上下文的暗示或明示，确定需要分。此时，要借助上下文的暗示或明示，确定需要填入词语的词性、形式和功能等。填入词语的词性、形式和功能等。典例导练专题二专题二 典例导练典例导练20102010广东省广州重点中学六校联考广东
48、省广州重点中学六校联考 The air we breathe is freely available,without The air we breathe is freely available,without which we could not survive more than a few minutes.which we could not survive more than a few minutes.For the most part,air is available to everyone,and For the most part,air is available to eve
49、ryone,and everyone 1._(need)it.Some people use the everyone 1._(need)it.Some people use the air to sustain them while 2._(seat)around air to sustain them while 2._(seat)around and feel sorry for themselves.3._ breathe in and feel sorry for themselves.3._ breathe in the air and use the energy it prov
50、ides to make the air and use the energy it provides to make 4._ magnificent life.Opportunity4._ magnificent life.Opportunity专题二专题二 典例导练典例导练is 5._ same way;it is everywhere.It is is 5._ same way;it is everywhere.It is 6._freely available that we take it for 6._freely available that we take it for gra