《AdjectiveClauses形容词性从句.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《AdjectiveClauses形容词性从句.ppt（13页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、Adjective ClausesExplanation and PracticeWhat is an Adjective?An Adjective describes a noun.Remember nouns can either be subjects,objects or objects of prepositions.Which words are adjectives?q unkindq fastq valueq carelessq silentlyq oldWhich words are adjectives?What is an Adjective Clause?An Adje
2、ctive clause is a dependent clause(dependent word+subject and verb)that describes a noun.You can imagine that an adjective clause is taking two sentences about the same noun and making them into one sentence.What is an Adjective Clause?Examples:Route 66 is a long road.This road goes from Chicago to
3、California.Route 66 is a long road that goes from Chicago to California.The postcard shows a beautiful vista of the Grecian coastline.I bought the postcard.The postcard which I bought shows a beautiful vista of the Grecian coastline.Subject Relative PronounsWe use relative pronouns to create depende
4、nt clauses.The relative pronoun replaces the word in common between the two sentences.Sometimes,the relative pronoun will be the subject of the dependent clause.Subject Relative PronounsSubject Relative PronounsPeople:Who or ThatThings or Animals:Which or ThatPossessive:WhoseExamples:Route 66 is a l
5、ong road which goes from Chicago to California.Examples:The postcard shows a beautiful vista of the Grecian coastline.I bought the postcard.The postcard which I bought shows a beautiful vista of the Grecian coastline.Object Relative PronounsSometimes,the relative pronoun will replace the object in t
6、he dependent clause or the object of a preposition.To connect this type of clause,the relative pronoun must be moved to the front of the clause in front of the subject.Object Relative PronounsPeople:Whom,Who or ThatThings or Animals:Which or ThatPossessive:WhoseThings to RememberThe relative pronoun
7、 replaces the noun dont use it and the noun in the dependent clause.Example:The postcard is pretty.I bought the postcard.Incorrect:The postcard which I bought the postcard is pretty.Correct:The postcard which I bought is pretty.The relative pronoun must be next to the word it describes.Example:Incor
8、rect:The sharks opened their mouths while they swam by the boat which were full of sharp teeth.Correct:The sharks opened their mouths which were full of sharp teeth while they swam by the boat.Things to RememberFormal written English:In formal,academic English in adjective clauses with object relati
9、ve pronouns,for people,we use whom.In adjective clauses with an object of a preposition,bring the preposition forward and use whom or which.Example:Jack London,whom I admire,wrote a lot of short stories.Rather than:Jack London,who I admire,wrote a lot of short stories.Example:The presidency is the p
10、osition to which many politicians aspire.Rather than:The presidency is the position that many politicians aspire to.Things to RememberYou must understand whether or not the dependent clause is essential information or extra information in the understanding of the noun.This impacts the meaning and th
11、e punctuation.Essential clauses are also called identifying or restrictive.We DO NOT use commas with these clauses.Extra clauses are also called non-identifying or non-restrictive.WE MUST use commas with these clauses.We cannot use the relative pronoun that.Things to RememberCan you understand a dif
12、ference between these two sentences?My sister,who lives in Bel Air,has three children.My sister who lives in Bel Air has three children.In which sentence is it clear that I have more than one sister?What about between these two sentences?He looked in the refrigerator,and he threw away the food which
13、 was rotten.He looked in the refrigerator,and he threw away the food,which was rotten.In which sentence is all of the food in the refrigerator rotten?Identifying vs.Non-IdentifyingThink about if a listener or reader would be able to identify the noun without the adjective clause.Example:He is the ma
14、n who works at the grocery store.This is essential(identifying)information.Think about it as two sentences.He is a man.He works at the grocery store.Without the second sentence,you couldnt identify him.Notice that a become the because the noun changes from indefinite to definite because of the ident
15、ification.Identifying vs.Non-IdentifyingThink about if a listener or reader would be able to identify the noun without the adjective clause.Example:Maria,who works as a physicians assistant,enjoys her job.This is extra(non-identifying)information.Think about it as two sentences.Maria enjoys her job.Maria works as a physicians assistant.You know her name from the first sentence.This is enough to identify her.