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1、1阅读理解（任务型阅读）阅读理解（任务型阅读）1.【2018 年山东省青岛市】阅读下面的短文，并根据短文后的要求答题。（请注明问题后的字数要求）1 Im a 34-year-old man, married, lived in a nice house, and have a successful career. But my life was not always so great. I had a learning disability from an early age. I went to a special school where I got plenty of extra (额外
2、的) help. Still, I suffered the rest of my school days in public schools.2 My life improved greatly when I discovered art. The art world gave me a chance to express myself without words. I went to a workshop and gradually became good at making things with clay. Here I learned my first important lesso
3、n: disabled as I was in language, I could still be smart and well express myself with clay. And my confidence（自信）came along.3 I got my next lesson from rock climbing. It was a fun thing but I was scared from the start. （68）I soon noticed it wasnt a talent thing; it needed lots of practice. So I did
4、it more. After about five years of climbing, I found myself in Yosemite Valley on a big wall. I learned that if you fall in love with something and do it all the time, you will get better at it.4 Later I decided to learn (69) to read and write. I practiced reading and(69) , which I used to avoid as
5、much as possible. After two years, I was literate(有文化的).5 Through the long process with art, (69) , and reading and writing, now Ive got to a point in my life: I am smart enough to dive into (潜入) an area that is totally unknown, hard, but interesting.46. What made the writers school days difficult?
6、(No more than 5 words)_47. Why did art give the author confidence? (No more than 11 words)_48. Translate the underlined sentence in the third paragraph into Chinese._49. Fill in the blanks in the last two paragraphs with proper words._ _ _250. What have you learned from the passage? (No more than 20
7、 words)_【答案】46. His/A learning disability. Or: Having a learning disability. Or: He had a learning disability. 47. Because he could be smart and well express himself with clay.Or: Because art could help him express himself without words.Or. Because he could well express himself with clay/art.Or: Bec
8、ause art gave him a chance to express himself without words. 48. 我很快注意到，它不是件靠天赋 (完成）的事情：而是需要大量的练习。 49. (1). how (2). writing (3). rock climbing/climbing 50. We should not lose heart/give up in face of difficulties. If we work hard, we will find a way out. Or: We should be confident and practice hard
9、 to overcome difficulties in our lives.Or. We should be confident though we have some shortcomings/ disadvantages.Or: If you fall in low with something and do it all the time, you will get better at it.Or: Practice makes perfect.【解析】文章介绍了作者从不会学习到从艺术中找到自信，然后发现其他的事情也不是天赋问题，只要多练习就能成功。47. 根据 Here I lear
10、ned my first important lesson: disabled as I was in language, I could still be smart and well express myself with clay. And my confidence（自信）came along.可知从艺术中感觉自己是聪明的，能用泥塑表达自己，所以从艺术中找到了自信；故答案是 Because he could be smart and well express himself with clay.Or: Because art could help him express himself
11、 without words.Or. Because he could well express himself with clay/art.Or: Because art gave him a chance to express himself without words. 48. 根据 lots of practice 大量练习；talent thing 天赋的东西；故答案是：我很快注意到，它不是3件靠天赋 (完成）的事情：而是需要大量的练习。49. 根据后来我决定学习怎么阅读和写字，故填 how；根据我练习读书和写字，practise doing 练习做某事，故填 writing；根据上
12、文提到的攀岩，读书和写字；故填 rock climbing/climbing；故答案是(1). how (2). writing (3). rock climbing/climbing 2.【2018 年安徽省中考】Mr. Reynolds, my teacher, handed us a list of thoughts, and asked us to write a paper on one of those thoughts. I chose the topic I wonder why things are the way they are.I wrote down all the
13、questions that puzzled (困扰) me about life. I realized that many of them were hard to answer, and perhaps others could not be answered at all. When I handed in my paper, I was afraid that I might fail because I did not answer the questions.The next day, Mr. Reynolds handed me the paper and asked me t
14、o read it for the class. The other students became quiet as I began to read my story:Mum, why are the roses red? Why is the grass green and the sky blue? Why do I have to graduate(毕业) ? Why do I have to grow up? Why do I have to be called Grandma“ one day?. Dad, why cant I stay out until 12: OO? Why
15、 do I miss my old friends? Why do 1 miss being at home?Why do you love me so much?Mum, Dad, why did you have to leave me? I need you. OGANUAt the end of my story. I looked at Mr. Reynolds, and I saw a tear slowly coming down his face. Then I realized that life is not built on the answers we receive
16、but on the questions we ask.58. Why was the writer afraid that she might fail? (不超过 10 个词)459. What did the teacher ask the writer to do for the class? (不超过 15 个词)60. What did the writer realize at the end of the story? (不超过 15 个词)【答案】58. Because she did not answer the questions(she wrote down). 59.
17、 The teacher asked her to read her paper for the class./To read her paper for the class. 60. The writer realized that life is built on the questions we ask./Life is not built on the answers we receive but on the questions we ask.【解析】文章讲述了作者的老师让他们把自己的想法写到纸上，作者写了困扰他的生活的问题，第二天老师让他在课堂上把这些问题读出来的故事。60. 根据
18、 Then I realized that life is not built on the answers we receive but on the questions we ask.可知作者意识到生活不是基于我们收到的答案，而是在于我们问的问题；故答案是 The writer realized that life is built on the questions we ask./Life is not built on the answers we receive but on the questions we ask.3.【2018 年贵州省安顺】任务型阅读。(1)We are li
19、ving in a world full of competition. Our parents compete with others in their offices, our brothers and sisters compete with others in their colleges, and we compete with our classmates in schools. Most of us give up in face of competition and will never be successful. Why cant we do better than oth
20、ers? One important reason is that we have no self-confidence.(2)事实上，人人生而平等。 You can do what others do. Your classmates may be better than you in some ways, (3) you may be better than them in other subjects. So everyone has his or her advantages. Dont look at things from a single point of view. Try t
21、o discover your own advantages, and believe that you can do better than others in those ways.Competition is not so terrible. Dont be afraid of it. And dont be afraid of those classmates who are better than you.(4) Remember that self-confidence is the first step to success. Believe in yourselves, and
22、 you will be successful in any competition.根据短文内容完成下列任务。576. 请写出(1)句中下划线部分意思相近的短语。77. 请将(2)句译成英文。78. 请在(3) 处填入一个合适且符合句意和逻辑的单词。79. 请将(4)句翻译成中文。80. Whats the main idea of this passage?【答案】76. filled with 77. In fact 78. but 79. 记住：自信是通往成功的第一步。 80. Believe in yourselves, and you will be successful in a
23、ny competition.76. 句意：我们生活在一个充满竞争的世界。full of= filled with 充满，故答案为 filled with。77. in fact 事实上，实际上；be born 出生；equal 平等的，everyone 作主语，视作单数，答案为 In fact, everyone is/was born equal./ everyone is equal./all men are created equal.78. Your classmates may be better than you in some ways 你的同学在某些方面可能比你好；you m
24、ay be better than them in other subjects.你可能在其他学科方面比他们更优秀。结合句意可知，前后句表示转折关系，故答案为 but。79. 此句是 that 引导的宾语从句，self-confidence 自信，the first step to success 通往成功的第一步。故答案为：记住：自信是通往成功的第一步。 80. 主旨大意题。问题：这篇文章的主要思想是什么？短文的最后一句“Believe in yourselves, and you will be successful in any competition.”是本文的主旨句，意思是“相信自己
25、，在竞争中你就会成功。”答案为 Believe in yourselves, and you will be successful in any competition.4.【2018 年黑龙江省绥化市中考】Do you have a nickname（呢称)?Most of us do by our looks, 6clothing, or personality, But for cities, the meaning of their nicknames has much more than that.Many big cities have nicknames, such as New
26、 York-The Big Apple, London-The GreatSmog, and Rome-The Eternal(永恒的)City. Why do cities have such nicknames?In the 1920s,there were many races in New York. People called the prizes of these race.apples. Writer John J.Fitz Gerald first called New York the Big Apple, because New York is the place that
27、 many people dreamed of going to for the biggest prize of all.For Rome, as the name suggests, the answer is simple, Romans believed that no mater what happened to the world, Rome would go on forever. Rome has been an important center of power for more than 2,000 years.As for London, in the Victorian
28、 period, it had problems with its air. Later in 1952,serious air pollution made 10,000 people fall ill. But now the air of London has become better.Does that sound interesting? Does your city have a nickname?77. Most of us get our nicknames only by our looks.78. The Great Smog is the nickname of Lon
29、don.79. The nickname of New York was given by writer Johnl.Fitz Gerald.80. Rome has been an important center of power for 2000 years.81. Later in 1952,the air of London became better.【答案】77. F 78. T 79. T 80. F 81. F【解析】本文主要介绍很多大城市别名的由来。大多数人的别名都是基于我们个人的外表、穿衣风格、或个性。但是对于城市来说，他们的别名的含义远远不止这些。比如：纽约的别名是“大
30、苹果”；伦敦的别名是“雾都”；罗马的别名是“永恒之城”。作者还介绍了这些城市别名的由来。78. 根据第二段第一句 Many big cities have nicknames, such as New York-The Big Apple, London-The Great Smog, and Rome-The Eternal(永恒的)City 很多城市有它们的昵称例如：纽约的别名是“大7苹果”；伦敦的别名是“雾都”；罗马的别名是“永恒之城”。所以 The Great Smog is the nickname of London.是正确的，故答案是 T。79. 根据 Writer John J
31、.Fitz Gerald first called New York the Big Apple（作家 John J.Fitz Gerald 最先称纽约为苹果城）,知 The nickname of New York was given by writer Johnl.Fitz Gerald.是正确的。故答案是 T。80. 根据 Rome has been an important center of power for more than 2,000 years.罗马在 2000 多年里是重要的权力中心。知 Rome has been an important center of power
32、 for 2000 years（罗马是两千年里是重要的权利中心）是错误的，故答案是 F。.81. 根据 Later in 1952,serious air pollution made 10,000 people fall ill 后来在 1952 年，严重的大气污染使 10000 人病倒。知 Later in 1952,the air of London became better.（后来在 1952 年，伦敦空气变得更好了）是错误的，故答案是 F。5.【2018 年黑龙江省绥化市中考】(Teresa Lopez, from Cali, Colombia)Where Im from, wer
33、e pretty relaxed(1) _time. We dont like to rush around. So we dont mind if people are a little late sometimes. If you tell a friend youre going to their house for dinner, its OK if you arrive a bit late. We like to enjoy our time slowly. We value the time we spend with our family and friends in our
34、everyday lives. We often just drop by our friends homes if we have time. We dont usually have to make plans to meet our friends .When we see each other, its polite for boys to shake hands and for girls to kiss each other on the side of the face. We often just walk around the town center, seeing as m
35、any of our friends as we can!(Marc LeBlanc, from Lausanne, Switzerland)In Switzerland, its very important to be on time. We are the capital of clocks and watches,after all! If someone invites you to meet him or her at noon, then youre expected to be there at noon. If youre even 15 minutes late,(3)你的
36、朋友可能会发疯，So I make an effort to be on time when I meet my friends. I always leave the house early to avoid heavy traffic because I think its impolite to keep others(2)_.Also, we never visit a friends house without calling first We almost always make plans to see friends. We usually plan to do some in
37、teresting things, or go somewhere together.根据短文内容完成下列各题。87. 在（1）和（2）处填上适当的词(1)_(2）_。888. 写出原文 We often just drop by our friends homes if we have time.的同义句。We often just drop by our friends homes if we_ _.89. 将文中（3）处句子翻译成英语。_90. 在文中找出 daily 的同义词_，central 的名词_。91. In which country is it OK to be 15 mi
38、nutes late for dinner?_【答案】87. (1). about (2). waiting 88. (1). are (2). free 89. your friend may get/be/become mad/angry/crazy./your friend could get/be/become mad/angry/crazy./your friend might get/be/become mad/angry/crazy./maybe your friend will be/get/become mad/angry /crazy. 90. (1). everyday
39、(2). center/centre 91. Colombia./It is OK to be 15 minutes late for dinner in Colombia【解析】文章是两位分别来自哥伦比亚、瑞士的少年讲述自己国家关于约会是否守时的习俗。 87. Where Im from, were pretty relaxed(1) _time 我来自的地方对于时间是非常放松的。About 是介词，关于，对于；I think its impolite to keep others(2)_.我认为让别人等是不礼貌的。Keep sb doing sth 使某人做某事，让某人做某事；根据句意答案
40、应为 (1). about (2). waiting 88. We often just drop by our friends homes if we have time 意思是：如果我们有时间，我们只是顺便拜访朋友家。have time 有时间，有空，同义短语是 be free,所以答案是(1). are (2). free90. daily 形容词，每日的，日常的;同义词是句子 We value the time we spend with our family and friends in our everyday lives.中的 everyday；central 是形容词，其名词形
41、式是第一段最后一句 We 9often just walk around the town center, seeing as many of our friends as we can!中的 center91. 根据第一段第三句 If you tell a friend youre going to their house for dinner, its OK if you arrive a bit late.知答案是 Colombia./It is OK to be 15 minutes late for dinner in Colombia6.【2018 年黑龙江省绥化市中考】The t
42、rain made a lot of noise as it came to a stop at the station. Martha waited for a while until her father held her hand. They walked onto the train together. Her mother and brother walked behind them.This was the first train ride for Martha and her brother Brian. They would take the train to visit th
43、eir grandparents. They usually went there by car. But today, Mum and Dad wanted to try a different way.They walked to the middle of the train. They found some seats and sat down. A few minutes later, the train began to move.Martha and Brian felt a little nervous, but their parents said they would en
44、joy the ride. Dad said he liked the train ride because he didnt need to drive all the time. Mum added thatshe could talk to her two children face to face instead of turning around.When the children heard their parents words, they felt relaxed.“The train isnt as noisy as I thought it would be“ said M
45、artha,“ and l can stand up andwalk around. I believe I can see everything through the windows.”“The train really goes fast,“ said Brian,“ I like that best of all. If we get on the train in the morning, we can see grandparents before lunch. I cant wait to enjoy their apple pie!“根据短文内容回答下列各题。92. Accor
46、ding to the passage, who got on the train first?93. How did Martha and Brian usually go to visit their grandparents?94. Did Martha and Brian feel a little nervous when the train began to move?95. Why did Dad like the train ride?96. What does the underlined word “that“ refer to(指代）？【答案】92. Martha and
47、 her father (got on the train first). 93. By car/In a car./They usually went to visit their grandparents by car/in a car 94. Yes,they did./Yes. 1095. Because he didnt need to drive all the time. 96. The train really goes fast./It refers to “The train really goes fast“.【解析】本文主要描述了 Martha 一家第一次乘火车旅行的经历和感受。94. 根据文章第四段第一句 Martha and Brian felt a little nervous, Martha an 和 Brian 感到有点儿紧张可知答案为 Yes,they did./Yes.95. 根据文章第四段第二句 Dad said he liked the train ride because he didnt need to drive all the time 知答案为 Becaus