网络编程实验指导书.pdf

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1、网络编程实验指导书 执笔：王新祥 教研室：计算机网络 网络编程上机操作实验是本课程必不可少的实践环节。上机实验的目的是使学生熟悉网络编程的全过程，加深对网络编程方法的理解，得到程序设计基本方法和技巧的训练，从而能真正掌握网络通信程序的设计方法，以解决网络通信的实际问题。实验一 获取计算机的网卡地址（2 学时）一、实验目的 1、掌握使用 NetBIOS 得到 MAC 地址的方法。2、掌握通过发送 ARP 来获取网络中计算机 MAC 地址的方法。二、实验内容与步骤(一)实验内容 1、使用 NetBIOS 得到本机的 MAC 地址；2、使用 ARP 获取网络中计算机的 MAC 地址。(二)实验步骤

2、1、利用 NetBIOS 得到 MAC 地址 首先发送 NCBENUM 命令，获取网卡的数目和每张网卡的内部编号，然后对每个网卡标号发送 NCBASTAT 命令获取其 MAC 地址。注意：这里的网卡是指捆绑了 NetBEUI 协议的通信协议栈，可以在网卡的属性处查看到。(1)在 VC+6.0 中创建空的控制台应用程序工程；(2)新建一个源文件，并注意将此源文件添加到创建的工程中，然后输入如下代码：1(3)编译、链接并执行文件，分析程序输出的结果。2、通过发送 ARP 来获取网卡的 MAC 地址 在 Windows 2000 及以上系统中也可以通过发送 ARP 来获取网络中计算机的 MAC 地址

3、，当然也包括自己的计算机。函数 SendARP 的原型如下：DWORD WINAPI SendARP(IPAddr DestIP,IPAddr SrcIP,PULONG pMacAddr,PULONG PhyAddrLen );2其中 pMacAddr 参数返回一个 ULONG 变量数组的指针。该数组的前 6 个字节包括了 DespIP 对应的物理地址。(1)在 VC+6.0 中创建空的控制台应用程序工具；(2)新建一个源文件并将其添加到工程中，然后输入如下代码：(3)注意：要将“218.196.13.163”这个 IP 地址替换成自己所使用机器的 IP 地址。(4)将“实验一的支撑文件”目录

4、下的所有文件拷贝到工程所在的目录；(5)编译、链接并执行程序，注意分析程序的输出结果。(三)注意事项 实验内容 1 的程序目录下要添加四个文件，即“IPExport.h”、“IPHlpApi.h”、“IPHlpApi.Lib”及“IPTypes.h”。并在工程设置对话框的“Link”选项卡中的“Object/libray Modules：”编辑框内的最后面添加“ws2_32.lib IPHlpApi.Lib”内容，以便对这两个库文件的引用。或者在源文件的头部添加如下两行代码：#pragma comment(lib,ws2_32.lib)#pragma comment(lib,IPHlpApi.

5、Lib)三、实验要求 程序能正常运行，能得到准确的结果。3实验二 简易聊天室（4 学时）一、实验目的 1、熟悉 VC+编程环境；2、熟悉使用 VC+设计程序的过程；3、熟练掌握 NetBIOS 编程的基本思路和方法。二、实验原理 NetBIOS 网络编程的核心是通过这个标准接口，以基于统一的命令集的网络控制块 NCB 作为参数的“Netbios(PNCB pncb)”函数调用，使用 VC+6.0 实现具有聊天功能的局域网内控制台应用程序。使用 Netbios 函数的关键是对 NCB 结构的理解，该结构体的定义如下：typedef struct _NCB UCHAR ncb_command;UC

6、HAR ncb_retcode;UCHAR ncb_lsn;UCHAR ncb_num;PUCHAR ncb_buffer;WORD ncb_length;UCHAR ncb_callnameNCBNAMSZ;UCHAR ncb_nameNCBNAMSZ;UCHAR ncb_rto;UCHAR ncb_sto;void(*ncb_post)(struct _NCB*);UCHAR ncb_lana_num;UCHAR ncb_cmd_cplt;UCHAR ncb_reserve10;HANDLE ncb_event;NCB;三、实验内容与步骤(一)实验内容 使用 Netbios 函数实现聊天室

7、功能。(二)实验步骤 1、在 Visual C+中创建头文件“NetBIOS.h”，并输入如下代码：#include#include#pragma comment(lib,netapi32.lib)#define MAXSESSIONS 254 4#define MAXNAMES 254#define NBCheck(x)if(NRC_GOODRET!=x.ncb_retcode)printf(Line%d:Got 0 x%x from NetBios()n,_LINE_,x.ncb_retcode);#define PNBCheck(x)if(NRC_GOODRET!=x-ncb_retco

8、de)printf(Line%d:Got 0 x%x from NetBios()n,_LINE_,x-ncb_retcode);#define Online 1 /A user is on line#define Offline 2 /A user is off line#define Listen 3 /A user is waiting for connection#define Message 4 /A user is on line typedef struct DataGram /the format of a datagram UCHAR flag;/the type of me

9、ssage char message256;/the content of message DataGram,*PDataGram;char LocalNameNCBNAMSZ;/local name char GroupNameNCBNAMSZ;/group name UCHAR NameNum;UCHAR GroupNameNum;#define DGLEN sizeof(struct DataGram)void MakeNetbiosName(char*achDest,char*szSrc)int cchSrc;cchSrc=strlen(szSrc);if(cchSrc NCBNAMS

10、Z)cchSrc=NCBNAMSZ;memset(achDest,NCBNAMSZ);memcpy(achDest,szSrc,cchSrc);if(cchSrc!=NCBNAMSZ)achDestcchSrc=0;UCHAR LanaEnum(LANA_ENUM*lenum)NCB ncb;UCHAR uRetCode;memset(&ncb,0,sizeof(NCB);ncb.ncb_command=NCBENUM;ncb.ncb_buffer=(UCHAR*)lenum;ncb.ncb_length=sizeof(LANA_ENUM);uRetCode=Netbios(&ncb);NBC

11、heck(ncb)return uRetCode;5 UCHAR RestNCB(UCHAR jiangxue_lana)NCB jiangxue_ncb;memset(&jiangxue_ncb,0,sizeof(NCB);jiangxue_ncb.ncb_command=NCBRESET;jiangxue_ncb.ncb_callname0=MAXSESSIONS;jiangxue_ncb.ncb_callname2=MAXNAMES;jiangxue_ncb.ncb_lana_num=jiangxue_lana;Netbios(&jiangxue_ncb);NBCheck(jiangxu

12、e_ncb)return(jiangxue_ncb.ncb_cmd_cplt);UCHAR Astatus(UCHAR jiangxue_lana,PVOID pBuffer,int cbBuffer,char*szName)NCB jiangxue_ncb;ZeroMemory(&jiangxue_ncb,sizeof(NCB);jiangxue_ncb.ncb_command=NCBASTAT;jiangxue_ncb.ncb_lana_num=jiangxue_lana;jiangxue_ncb.ncb_buffer=(PUCHAR)pBuffer;jiangxue_ncb.ncb_le

13、ngth=cbBuffer;strcpy(char*)jiangxue_ncb.ncb_callname,szName);Netbios(&jiangxue_ncb);NBCheck(jiangxue_ncb)return(NRC_GOODRET=jiangxue_ncb.ncb_retcode);BOOL Adapterlist(UCHAR nlana,char*szName)/get the state of each adapter with some protocol.int cbBuffer;ADAPTER_STATUS*pStatus;NAME_BUFFER*pNames;int

14、i;HANDLE hHeap;char cname16;hHeap=GetProcessHeap();/allocate the largest buffer that might be needed.cbBuffer=sizeof(ADAPTER_STATUS)+255*sizeof(NAME_BUFFER);pStatus=(ADAPTER_STATUS*)HeapAlloc(hHeap,0,cbBuffer);if(NULL=pStatus)return FALSE;if(!Astatus(nlana,(PVOID)pStatus,cbBuffer,szName)HeapFree(hHe

15、ap,0,pStatus);return FALSE;/list the adapter status structure and names if(pStatus-adapter_type=0 xFE)strcpy(cname,Ethernet);6 else strcpy(cname,The other type);printf(The%s Number on LANA%d with version%d.%d is:%02x%02x%02x%02x%02x%02xn,cname,nlana,pStatus-rev_major,pStatus-rev_minor,pStatus-adapte

16、r_address0,pStatus-adapter_address1,pStatus-adapter_address2,pStatus-adapter_address3,pStatus-adapter_address4,pStatus-adapter_address5);printf(The number of names in the local names table is%dn,pStatus-name_count);pNames=(NAME_BUFFER*)(pStatus+1);for(i=0;iname_count;i+)printf(t%.*sn,NCBNAMSZ,pNames

17、i.name);HeapFree(hHeap,0,pStatus);return TRUE;UCHAR AddName(char*kemin_LocalName,UCHAR kemin_lana,UCHAR*kemin_LocalNameNum)NCB kemin_ncb;memset(&kemin_ncb,0,sizeof(NCB);kemin_ncb.ncb_command=NCBADDNAME;kemin_ncb.ncb_lana_num=kemin_lana;strcpy(char*)kemin_ncb.ncb_name,kemin_LocalName);Netbios(&kemin_

18、ncb);NBCheck(kemin_ncb)*kemin_LocalNameNum=kemin_ncb.ncb_num;return(kemin_ncb.ncb_cmd_cplt);UCHAR AddGroupName(char*limin_GroupName,UCHAR limin_lana,UCHAR*limin_GroupNameNum)NCB limin_ncb;memset(&limin_ncb,0,sizeof(NCB);limin_ncb.ncb_command=NCBADDGRNAME;limin_ncb.ncb_lana_num=limin_lana;strcpy(char

19、*)limin_ncb.ncb_name,limin_GroupName);Netbios(&limin_ncb);NBCheck(limin_ncb)*limin_GroupNameNum=limin_ncb.ncb_num;return(limin_ncb.ncb_cmd_cplt);UCHAR DeleteName(char*liufei_LocalName,UCHAR liufei_lana)NCB liufei_ncb;memset(&liufei_ncb,0,sizeof(NCB);liufei_ncb.ncb_command=NCBDELNAME;7 liufei_ncb.ncb

20、_lana_num=liufei_lana;strcpy(char*)liufei_ncb.ncb_name,liufei_LocalName);Netbios(&liufei_ncb);NBCheck(liufei_ncb)return(liufei_ncb.ncb_cmd_cplt);UCHAR NetbiosListen(int lana,PNCB pncb,char*SourName)memset(pncb,0,sizeof(NCB);pncb-ncb_command=NCBLISTEN;/synchronous call strcpy(char*)pncb-ncb_name,Sour

21、Name);strcpy(char*)pncb-ncb_callname,*);pncb-ncb_lana_num=lana;return Netbios(pncb);UCHAR NetbiosCall(PNCB yixiong_pncb,UCHAR lana,char*yixiong_SourName,char*yixiong_DestName)memset(yixiong_pncb,0,sizeof(NCB);yixiong_pncb-ncb_command=NCBCALL;yixiong_pncb-ncb_lana_num=lana;strcpy(char*)yixiong_pncb-n

22、cb_name,yixiong_SourName);strcpy(char*)yixiong_pncb-ncb_callname,yixiong_DestName);return Netbios(yixiong_pncb);UCHAR SessionSend(UCHAR lana,UCHAR zhangke_SessionNum,char*pBuffer,WORD Length)NCB zhangke_ncb;memset(&zhangke_ncb,0,sizeof(NCB);zhangke_ncb.ncb_command=NCBSEND;zhangke_ncb.ncb_lsn=zhangke

23、_SessionNum;zhangke_ncb.ncb_buffer=(UCHAR*)pBuffer;zhangke_ncb.ncb_length=Length;return Netbios(&zhangke_ncb);UCHAR SessionRecv(UCHAR lana,UCHAR guojun_SessionNum,char*pBuffer)NCB guojun_ncb;memset(&guojun_ncb,0,sizeof(NCB);guojun_ncb.ncb_command=NCBRECV;guojun_ncb.ncb_lsn=guojun_SessionNum;guojun_n

24、cb.ncb_buffer=(UCHAR*)pBuffer;guojun_ncb.ncb_length=512;return Netbios(&guojun_ncb);UCHAR HangupSession(UCHAR wanglinjia_SessionNum)8 NCB wanglinjia_ncb;UCHAR ucRc;memset(&wanglinjia_ncb,0,sizeof(NCB);wanglinjia_ncb.ncb_command=NCBHANGUP;wanglinjia_ncb.ncb_lsn=wanglinjia_SessionNum;ucRc=Netbios(&wan

25、glinjia_ncb);return(ucRc);UCHAR SDGSend(UCHAR lana,char*wugang_DestName,UCHAR wugang_LocalNameNum,char*pBuffer,WORD Length)NCB wugang_ncb;UCHAR ucRc;memset(&wugang_ncb,0,sizeof(NCB);wugang_ncb.ncb_command=NCBDGSEND;strcpy(char*)wugang_ncb.ncb_callname,wugang_DestName);wugang_ncb.ncb_num=wugang_Local

26、NameNum;wugang_ncb.ncb_buffer=(UCHAR*)pBuffer;wugang_ncb.ncb_length=Length;ucRc=Netbios(&wugang_ncb);NBCheck(wugang_ncb)return(ucRc);UCHAR ADGSend(UCHAR lana,char*DestName,UCHAR LocalNameNum,HANDLE hEvent,char*pBuffer,WORD Length)NCB ncb;memset(&ncb,0,sizeof(NCB);ncb.ncb_command=NCBDGSEND|ASYNCH;ncb

27、.ncb_lana_num=lana;strcpy(char*)ncb.ncb_callname,DestName);ncb.ncb_num=LocalNameNum;ncb.ncb_buffer=(UCHAR*)pBuffer;ncb.ncb_length=Length;ncb.ncb_cmd_cplt=0 xff;ncb.ncb_event=hEvent;Netbios(&ncb);return ncb.ncb_cmd_cplt;UCHAR SDGRecv(UCHAR lana,UCHAR wangyan_Num,char*DestName,char*pBuffer,WORD*len)NC

28、B wangyan_ncb;memset(&wangyan_ncb,0,sizeof(NCB);wangyan_ncb.ncb_command=NCBDGRECV;wangyan_ncb.ncb_lana_num=lana;wangyan_ncb.ncb_num=wangyan_Num;9 wangyan_ncb.ncb_buffer=(UCHAR*)pBuffer;wangyan_ncb.ncb_length=*len;Netbios(&wangyan_ncb);NBCheck(wangyan_ncb)strcpy(DestName,(char*)wangyan_ncb.ncb_callna

29、me);return wangyan_ncb.ncb_cmd_cplt;UCHAR DatagramSendBC(UCHAR lana,UCHAR num,char*buf,WORD len)/send the broadcasting datagram from the given name-based number NCB ncb;ZeroMemory(&ncb,sizeof(NCB);ncb.ncb_command=NCBDGSENDBC;ncb.ncb_lana_num=lana;ncb.ncb_num=num;ncb.ncb_buffer=(PUCHAR)buf;ncb.ncb_le

30、ngth=len;Netbios(&ncb);NBCheck(ncb)return ncb.ncb_retcode;UCHAR DatagramRecvBC(UCHAR lana,UCHAR num,char*buf,WORD*len,char*Callname)/receive the broadcasting datagram from the given name-based number NCB ncb;ZeroMemory(&ncb,sizeof(NCB);ncb.ncb_command=NCBDGRECVBC;ncb.ncb_lana_num=lana;ncb.ncb_num=nu

31、m;ncb.ncb_buffer=(PUCHAR)buf;ncb.ncb_length=*len;Netbios(&ncb);NBCheck(ncb)*len=ncb.ncb_length;strcpy(Callname,(char*)ncb.ncb_callname);return ncb.ncb_retcode;int CommandTranslating(const char*Command)/return the different value for the different command if(strcmp(Command,lookup)=0)return 1;/look up

32、 the status of the locall adapter if(strcmp(Command,session)=0)return 2;/session communication if(strcmp(Command,sendtoname)=0)return 3;/unicast or multicast communication if(strcmp(Command,sendtoall)=0)return 4;/broadcast communication if(strcmp(Command,exit)=0)return 5;/quit return 0;2、在 VC+中创建源文件

33、“NetChat.cpp”，并输入如下代码：#include NetBIOS.h 10 UCHAR Elana10;UCHAR Elength=0;LANA_ENUM lenum;DWORD WINAPI SessionReceiveThread(LPVOID param)/the thread to receive the data for the session PNCB pncb=(PNCB)param;char buffer512;UCHAR SessionNum;UCHAR retcode;char DestNameNCBNAMSZ;SessionNum=pncb-ncb_lsn;m

34、emset(DestName,0,NCBNAMSZ);strcpy(DestName,(char*)pncb-ncb_callname);for(;)memset(buffer,0,512);retcode=SessionRecv(Elana0,SessionNum,buffer);if(retcode=0)printf(n%s says to you(on session):,DestName);puts(buffer);printf(please input message to send to%s:,DestName);continue;else printf(n%s leaves th

35、e connection to you!n,DestName);HangupSession(SessionNum);break;return 1;void ServerSession(PNCB pncb)HANDLE hSThread;DWORD dwSExitCode;DWORD id;char sbuffer512;UCHAR retcode;UCHAR SessionNum;char DestNameNCBNAMSZ;SessionNum=pncb-ncb_lsn;memset(DestName,0,NCBNAMSZ);strcpy(DestName,(char*)pncb-ncb_ca

36、llname);hSThread=CreateThread(NULL,0,SessionReceiveThread,(PVOID)pncb,0,&id);/create a thread to receive the message 11 dwSExitCode=0;retcode=0;printf(%s has accepted the connection to%s!n,LocalName,DestName);Sleep(1000);memset(sbuffer,0,512);strcpy(sbuffer,Welcome to Server!);SessionSend(Elana0,Ses

37、sionNum,sbuffer,sizeof(sbuffer);printf(When you send a message to the other party,n);printf(the message exit means stopping to send!nn);for(;)printf(please input message to send to%s:,DestName);memset(sbuffer,0,512);gets(sbuffer);if(strcmp(sbuffer,exit)=0)TerminateThread(hSThread,dwSExitCode);CloseH

38、andle(hSThread);HangupSession(SessionNum);break;retcode=SessionSend(Elana0,SessionNum,sbuffer,sizeof(sbuffer);if(retcode!=0)break;void ClientSession(PNCB pncb)HANDLE hCThread;DWORD dwCExitCode;DWORD id;char cbuffer512;UCHAR retcode;UCHAR SessionNum;char DestNameNCBNAMSZ;SessionNum=pncb-ncb_lsn;memse

39、t(DestName,0,NCBNAMSZ);strcpy(DestName,(char*)pncb-ncb_callname);hCThread=CreateThread(NULL,0,SessionReceiveThread,(PVOID)pncb,0,&id);/create a thread to receive the message dwCExitCode=0;retcode=0;printf(%s has connected to the server%s!n,LocalName,DestName);printf(When you send a message to the ot

40、her party,n);printf(the message exit means stopping to send!n);Sleep(1000);for(;)memset(cbuffer,0,512);gets(cbuffer);12 if(strcmp(cbuffer,exit)=0)TerminateThread(hCThread,dwCExitCode);CloseHandle(hCThread);HangupSession(SessionNum);break;retcode=SessionSend(Elana0,SessionNum,cbuffer,sizeof(cbuffer);

41、if(retcode!=0)break;printf(please input message to send to%s:,DestName);DWORD WINAPI GDGRecvTread(LPVOID param)/receive the message from the group WORD len=DGLEN;char GbufferDGLEN;PDataGram pdata=(PDataGram)Gbuffer;char GCallNameNCBNAMSZ;while(1)memset(GCallName,0,NCBNAMSZ);if(SDGRecv(Elana0,GroupNa

42、meNum,GCallName,Gbuffer,&len)=NRC_GOODRET)if(strcmp(GCallName,LocalName)=0)printf(The multicasting message has send out!n);else printf(nMulticasting senders name:%sn,GCallName);printf(the content of message:%sn,pdata-message);printf($);return 1;DWORD WINAPI SDGRecvTread(LPVOID param)/receive the mes

43、sage from Single user /receive the information from the given name number,/if the name number is set to 0 xff,then receive all the local data WORD len1=DGLEN;char buffer1DGLEN;PDataGram pdata1=(PDataGram)buffer1;char CallName1NCBNAMSZ;while(1)memset(CallName1,0,NCBNAMSZ);if(SDGRecv(Elana0,NameNum,Ca

44、llName1,buffer1,&len1)=NRC_GOODRET)if(pdata1-flag=Message)13 printf(nUnicasting senders name:%sn,CallName1);printf(the content of message:%sn,pdata1-message);printf($);if(pdata1-flag=Online)printf(nThe user%s is on line and has the group name%s!n$,CallName1,pdata1-message);return 1;void DGsendCMD(UC

45、HAR lana,UCHAR NameNum,char*DestName)char buff256;char bufferDGLEN;WORD len=DGLEN;PDataGram pdata=(PDataGram)buffer;printf(please input message to send to the name%s:,DestName);memset(buff,0,256);gets(buff);pdata-flag=Message;strcpy(pdata-message,buff);SDGSend(lana,DestName,NameNum,(char*)pdata,len)

46、;DWORD WINAPI DGRecvBCTread(LPVOID param)/receive the broadcasting message from single user /receive the information from the given name number,WORD len;char bufferDGLEN;char buffDGLEN;PDataGram pdata1=(PDataGram)buffer;PDataGram pdata2=(PDataGram)buff;char DestNameNCBNAMSZ;while(1)len=DGLEN;memset(

47、DestName,0,NCBNAMSZ);if(DatagramRecvBC(Elana0,NameNum,buffer,&len,DestName)!=NRC_GOODRET)continue;switch(pdata1-flag)case Message:/Ordinary message if(strcmp(DestName,LocalName)=0)printf(Broadcasting message has sent out!n);14 break;printf(nThe user%s broadcasts the message:%sn$,DestName,pdata1-mess

48、age);break;case Online:/a user comes on line if(strcmp(DestName,LocalName)=0)break;printf(nThe user%s goes on line and has the group name%s!n$,DestName,pdata1-message);Sleep(1000);len=DGLEN;pdata2-flag=Online;memset(pdata2-message,0,256);strcpy(pdata2-message,GroupName);SDGSend(Elana0,DestName,NameN

49、um,(char*)pdata2,len);break;case Offline:/a user gets off line if(strcmp(DestName,LocalName)=0)break;printf(nThe user%s has been off line!n$,DestName);break;case Listen:/a user is waiting for a connection if(strcmp(DestName,LocalName)=0)printf(Listening message has sent out!n);break;printf(nThe serv

50、er%s is waiting for a client to connect!n$,DestName);break;return 1;void DGsendBCCMD(UCHAR lana,UCHAR NameNum)char buff256;char bufferDGLEN;WORD len=DGLEN;PDataGram pdata=(PDataGram)buffer;printf(please input message to broadcast:);memset(buff,0,256);gets(buff);pdata-flag=Message;memset(pdata-messag