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1、词法复习 构词法 1高三年级 英语WordFormationDerivation构词法派生词Step1:AnalysisofthematerialincredibleunpredictableinteractiondisabilityunwillinglyrenewableunachievableindependenceStep2:Leading-in派生法(Derivation)词根stem前缀prefix后缀suffix+Step3:Knowledgelearning前缀(Prefix)un添加在词根前面的构成部分happyStep3:KnowledgelearningNegativepr
2、efixes否定前缀 含义/功能单词中文变形中文dis-不agree同意disagree不同意im-不possible 可能的impossible不可能的in-不correct正确的incorrect不正确的non-不,非smoker吸烟者 nonsmoker 不吸烟者由in-,un-这两个前缀构成的派生词并非都具有否定意义,有时与词根同义或近义。前缀单词中文变形中文in-coming到来n.incoming来到n.in-habit习惯n.inhabit居住于v.un-loose松开v.unloose解开v.un-rip撕破v.unrip撕开v.Otherprefixes其他前缀含义/功能单词
3、中文变形中文en-使成某种状态large大的enlarge扩大inter-在之间;相互national国家的international国际的mis-错误的understand理解misunderstand误解pre-在之前school学校preschool幼儿园re-再,重新write写rewrite重写Testyourself!appearclearcorrectpossiblestoptakedis-im-in-mis-non-un-agreehappypolitesmokerunderstandvisible后缀(Suffix)ment添加在单词或词干后的用于构成新词的一个或一组音节im
4、proveStep3:Knowledgelearning1.ChineseNewYearisa_(celebrate)markingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofspring.(2020年全国卷II)2.Filledwith_(curious),theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.(2020年全国卷III)3.Then,handlethemostimportanttasksfirstsoyoullfeelarealsenseof_(achieve).(2016年全国卷II)celebrationcuriosityachi
5、evement名词后缀后缀含义/功能变形中文-er,-or(做某事)的人,者danceractor跳舞者演员-ity状态,品质realityequality现实平等-ment动作,状态,结果improvementdevelopment改进发展-ship技能,地位,性质,状态friendshipleadership友谊领导地位-tion结果relationpollution关系污染4.Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto_(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉),avoidhillsandgetgoodrunn
6、ingshoes.(2018年全国卷II)strengthen动词后缀后缀含义/功能变形中文-ate成为,处理,作用operateseparate运转(使)分开-en使,变得widenshorten(使)变宽缩短-fy转为,变为beautifysimplify美化使简化-ish使,令finishabolish完成废除-ize使,变得realizemodernize实现使现代化5.The_(beauty)longbranchescoveredwithpink-coloredbuds(蓓蕾)makefantasticdecorations.(2020年全国卷II)6.Schooluniformsa
7、re_(tradition)inBritain,butsomeschoolsarestartingtogetridofthem.(2019年浙江卷)7.Theobviousoneismoney;eatingoutonceortwiceaweekmaybe_(afford)butdoingthismostdaysaddsup.(2018年浙江卷)beautifultraditionalaffordable形容词后缀后缀含义/功能变形中文-able-ible可的,有性质的comfortableresponsible舒适的负责的-al有属性的,类型的culturalmusical文化的音乐的-ful
8、有性质的carefuluseful小心的有用的-less无性质的carelessuseless不小心的无用的-ic具有的athletichistoric体育运动的历史上(著名的)8.Landingonthemoonsfarsideis_(extreme)challenging.(2020年全国卷I)9.Asthesmallboatmoved_(gentle)alongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.(2020年全国卷)10._(certain)duringtheholidaype
9、riod,thisplantisamust.(2020年全国卷II)extremelygentlyCertainly副词后缀后缀含义/功能变形中文-ly方式carefullyquickly仔细地迅速地-ward(s)方式或动作的方向inward(s)eastward(s)向内向东-wise方向,方式clockwiseotherwise顺时针地否则,要不然friendly友好的lonely孤独的lovely可爱的deadly致命的不同词性在句中的不同用法:作主语、及物动词或者介词的宾语,一般用_。作谓语、动词不定式中,一般用_。作定语、表语或补语,一般用_。修饰动词、形容词或整个句子等作状语,一
10、般用_。名词动词形容词副词incredibleunpredictableinteractiondisabilityunwillinglyrenewableunachievableindependenceStep4:LanguagepracticeTestyourself!1.Thedancersincredibleperformancehadtheaudienceonitsfeetclappingfor10minutesattheendoftheshow.(2020年天津卷7月)incredible=in-+credit+-ible难以置信的2.Ourrelationship,inandout
11、ofschool,hasbeentotallyunpredictable.(2020年天津卷5月)unpredictable=un-+predict+-able不可预测的Testyourself!3.Everydayinteractions,likeorderingacoffee,becameincreasinglyawkwardanduncomfortable.(2020年天津卷5月)interaction=inter-+act+-tion相互影响;交互作用uncomfortable=un-+comfort+-able使人不舒服的4.Disabilitycannotstopamanspurs
12、uitofsuccess.(2019年天津卷7月)disability=dis-+able+-ity残疾Testyourself!5.Holdingmybreath,Iunwillinglytookabite.(2019年天津卷3月)unwillingly=un-+willing+-ly不情愿地6.Itusesrenewablematerialsassourcesoffood.(2018年天津卷6月)renewable=re-+new+-able可再生的Testyourself!7.Ashegrowsyoualsoage,andyourambitionsbecomemoreunachievab
13、le.(2016年天津卷)unachievable=un-+achieve+-able无法实现的8.Independenceisthekeytoonessuccess.(2016年天津卷)independence=in-+depend+-ce独立A(1)_(nation)hi-techexhibitionisbeingheldfromFebruary26toMarch6.ItshowcasesChinashi-techsuccessesachievedunderthe863Programme.Theprogrammehasledtoseveralbreakthroughsinsciencean
14、dtechnology.Attheexhibition,(2)_(visit)canlearnmoreaboutimportant(3)_(achieve)infieldssuchasbiology,bioengineeringandmedicine,(4)_(communicate)andcomputerengineering.nationalvisitorsachievementscommunicationStep5:PracticalapplicationManyofthemostoutstandingnewbreakthroughshavecomeinthefieldofgenetic
15、s.Oneofthestarsattheexhibitionisasmallmousewithahumaneargrownonitsback.Thetechnologymay(5)_(able)doctorsto(6)_(store)humanorgansinthenearfuture.The863Programmeandthenewtechnologieshavedirectlyand(7)_(directly)helpedChinas(8)_(economy)constructionand(9)_(strength)itssocial(10)_(develop).enablerestoreindirectlyeconomicstrengtheneddevelopmentSummary派生法,即由一个_加上_或_,构成另一个单词的构词法。添加在词根前面的构成部分叫做_,它一般不改变原词的_,只改变其_。添加在词根后面的构成部分叫做_,它改变了原词的_,有时可改变其_。词根前缀后缀前缀性质词义后缀词性词义派生法(Derivation)词根stem前缀prefix后缀suffix+改变单词词义 决定单词意思 决定单词词性找一找2020年5月份高考题天津卷中的阅读理解题里有多少派生词?请大家把它们划出来。Step6:HomeworkThankyouforwatching!