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1、学位英语写作专题学位英语写作专题讲解与练习讲解与练习孙韵雪孙韵雪主讲主讲广州医学院护理学院广州医学院护理学院2009.9.1概述n学位英语考试的短文写作要求考生在30分钟内完成一篇120字左右的文章,作文满分为15分。n作文的形式主要分为提纲作文、图表作文和应用文等。n考试的作文内容为社会、文化或日常生活的一般常识,不涉及知识面过广、专业性太强的内容。n对作文的要求是:切题,文理通顺,表达正确,意思连贯,无重大语言错误。1/11/20232学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪*老师打分的原则n“印象”就作文的总体印象给出分数,而不是按照语言点的错误数目扣分n策略:卷面整洁 卷面布局(文章结构)开头、结
2、尾、每段主题句 句型丰富、词汇量大 最大限度消灭“扎眼”的语言错误1/11/20233学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪时间安排(30分钟)n审题(3-5分钟)n写作(20分钟)n检查语言错误(3-5分钟)1/11/20234学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪提纲作文 例题nTopic1:SavingMoneyn1.人们对于省钱看法不同人们对于省钱看法不同n2.省钱的好处。省钱的好处。n3.结论结论1/11/20236学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪nWhenitcomestosavingmoney,peoplesopinionsvaryfrompersontoperson.Somepeoplethinksa
3、vingmoneyisagoodhabitwhileotherpeoplebelieveusingtomorrowsmoneyisbetter.1/11/20237学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪第一段点评n段落的第一句是开篇句,同学们可以留意划线部分,When it comes to 这个句型用于引起话题。第二句导出作者的个人观点。1/11/20238学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪nSavingmoneyisbetterthanusingtomorrowsmoneyforthefollowingtworeasons.Ontheonehand,savingmoneycanenableyoutofor
4、magoodwayofspendingmoney.Youcanputaside,forexample,30%ofyoursalaryonyourpayday.Evenifyouspendalltherestofyoursalary,youstillhaveanamountofmoneyincaseofanyurgentneed.Ontheotherhand,itisriskytousetomorrowsmoney.Ifyouloseyourjobandrepaythemoneytothebank,youwillgetintoagreattrouble.1/11/20239学位英语写作专题讲解
5、孙韵雪第二段点评n该段采用了常见的“原因分析”模版,但并非常见的三点原因陈述,而是采用了on the one hand/on the other hand两点原因陈述的模式,引出两个截然不同的原因,这种模式重点凸显出两个原因的差异性及其同等重要性,建议同学们可以参考这样的模版。1/11/202310学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪nInshort,savingmoneyisawiseandsafewayoflife.Onlyifwecanspendmoneysensiblycanweliveourlifehappily.1/11/202311学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪nTopic2:HowtoK
6、eepPsychologicallyHealthyn1.心理健康问题往往是导致疾病的原因心理健康问题往往是导致疾病的原因n2.分析人们产生心理健康问题的原因(可分析人们产生心理健康问题的原因(可从失业、压力过重、缺少支持、缺乏人际从失业、压力过重、缺少支持、缺乏人际关系等方面加以分析)关系等方面加以分析)n3.你认为人们如何保持心理健康你认为人们如何保持心理健康 例题21/11/202312学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪nWhenitcomestohealth,alargenumberofpeoplemaymerelypayattentiontophysicalwell-beingandnegl
7、ectpsychologicalhealth.However,withthedevelopmentofsociety,psychologicalhealthseemstoariseasoneofthecausesleadingtoallkindsofdiseases.1/11/202313学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪nPsychologicalproblemscanstemfromvariousreasonsandthefollowingaresometypicalones.Aboveall,pressurefromworkandlifemaybringagreatburdenonpeople
8、andenablespeopletodwellonnegativesocialissues.Anotherpossiblereasonisthatifonelackssomenecessarysocializing,lonelinessmayhoveraboutandaffectonessensibility.Lastly,thesocietyisinabsenceofaharmoniousatmosphereorsomekindofmutualtrust.1/11/202314学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪nTokeeppsychologicalhealth,onehasto,ononehan
9、d,paysmoreheedtopositiveissuesanddevoteyourlifetimetosomeworthwhilemissions,and,ontheotherhand,takeasensibleviewofthenegativeissuesandtrytoadjustonesmoodproperly.Onlyinthiswaycaneveryoneenjoyalifewithmoresunshine.1/11/202315学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪nTheInternetSecurityn1.目前网络日益普及同时安全问题令人担目前网络日益普及同时安全问题令人担忧忧n2网
10、络的安全问题带来哪些后果网络的安全问题带来哪些后果n3.你的看法你的看法练习11/11/202316学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪nRaisingPetsn1.当代社会养宠物已成为时尚;当代社会养宠物已成为时尚;n2.分析其原因;分析其原因;n3.你的看法你的看法 练习21/11/202317学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪段落组织列举、因果、分类(过渡性词语)nFirst,second,third,lastnFirstly,secondly,thirdly,the last but not least nOn the one hand,on the other handnOne reason is
11、,another reason isnFor example,for another example,besides/in addition/whats more/moreover/furthermorenFor one thing,for another1/11/202319学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪常用句型不用说nIt goes without saying thatnNeedless to say thatnIt is obvious that1/11/202321学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪在社会/年代,扮演重要角色nIn this age of information,plays
12、an important role.nIn todays industrial society,is indispensable to life.1/11/202322学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪很容易证明nIt can be easily proved that1/11/202323学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪人人知晓/我们有理由相信nThere is no doubt thatnWe have reasons to believe that1/11/202324学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪开头nIt is universally acknowledged thatnIt is genera
13、lly accepted thatnAs is vividly depicted in the graphics,the demand of housing surgednThe above graph reveals dramatic decline in the production of1/11/202325学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪结尾nOnly in this way can laid-off workers completely shrug off poverty and regain their dignity in life.(倒装)nIn conclusion,it is
14、persistent work that is conductive to your grasping a large vocabulary.(强调句)1/11/202326学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪应用文应用文写作主要涉及“书信”n1、投诉信/建议信n2、道歉信n3、邀请信n4、申请信n5、感谢信1/11/202328学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪n感谢信感谢信n1、告诉对方自己已经出院及目前情况;告诉对方自己已经出院及目前情况;n2、住院期间的想法和收获;、住院期间的想法和收获;n3、表达感谢,邀请一起吃饭。、表达感谢,邀请一起吃饭。例题11/11/202329学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪
15、nDearPeterandJane,nIvejustbeenoutofhospitalforacoupleofdays.RightnowIamreallyfine,butwithoutyoursupportIwouldnthavegotbettersosoon.nYouknow,mytrafficaccidenthappenedbecauseIwastoostressed,preparingformyexams.Ilayinbedinhospitalfornearlyonemonth,andImissedtheexamseventually.WhatIwasthinkingwas,ifIhad
16、studiedhardearlier,notjustbeforetheexams,Iwouldnthavehadthisterribleexperience.1/11/202330学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪nAnyway,Ilearnedalotfromit.BecauseIwasidleduringthedaysinhospital,Ihadtimetothinkaboutmylife.Idneverrealizedhowimportantyourfriendshipwastome.Icantsayanymoretoshowmygratitudefortakingturnskeepingm
17、ecompany,andgettingmethroughthatbluetime.1/11/202331学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪nNextFriday,mymotherwouldliketogivearecoverypartytothankmyfriends.Ireallywanttoseeyouthere.So,7oclockatmyplace,Ok.nYours,nLiMing 1/11/202332学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪n咨询信咨询信nDirections:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoMr.Nelson,t
18、headmissionofficerofanAmericanUniversity.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:n1、介绍自己的教育和工作背景;、介绍自己的教育和工作背景;n2、咨询适合自己的硕士课程;、咨询适合自己的硕士课程;n3、咨询一些关于申请过程的具体问题(如学、咨询一些关于申请过程的具体问题(如学费、语言要求、住宿等)费、语言要求、住宿等)例题21/11/202333学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪nDearMr.NelsonnImwritingtoexplorethepossibilityofgai
19、ningthenecessaryinformationtostudyatyouruniversity.nIamnowaseniorstudentincomputerdepartment,PekingUniversityandwillgraduateandgetmybachelorsdegreeinthecomingJuly.Havingobtainedsomeinformationaboutyouruniversity Imwritingtoexplorethepossibilityofgainingthenecessaryinformationtostudyatyouruniversity.
20、1/11/202334学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪nFromtheInternet,IvalueyouruniversitygreatachievementsinresearchincomputersoftwaresomuchthatIplantopursuemymastersdegreeofcomputersoftwareatyouruniversitynextyear.ButIstillneedmoredetailedinformationformyapplication procedure.1/11/202335学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪nIwouldliketoknowthequal
21、ificationrequirementofyouruniversityformyapplication,suchaseducationalbackground,TOEFLscoreandothernecessaryformsandfilesthatIshouldprovide.Ialsoneedtheinformationofthecostofstudyingatyouruniversityandwhatkindofstudentaccommodationyoucanprovideforme.Iwanttoknoweverythingthatcanhelpmesettledownandbeg
22、inmystudyassoonaspossible.1/11/202336学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪nImlookingforwardtoyourreply.nYourssincerely,n Li Ming1/11/202337学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪图表作文图表作文类型n泛指一份数据图表:泛指一份数据图表:adiagram/chartn饼图:饼图:piechartn柱形图:柱形图:barchartn曲线图:曲线图:linechart,curvediagramn表格图:表格图:tablen流程图或过程图:流程图或过程图:flowchart1/11/202339学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵
23、雪常用概括性描述句式常用概括性描述句式 nAscanbeseenfromthediagram/chart/graph/table/figures,nAs(is)showninthediagram/chart/graph/table/figures,nAswecanseefromthediagram/chart/graph/table/figures,nItcanbeseenfromthefigures/statisticsthatnItisclearfromthefigures/statisticsthat 1/11/202340学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪数据的具体表达法数据的具体表达法n增
24、加:增加:increase,rise,raise,goupn减少:减少:decrease,fall,drop,godownn波动:波动:fluctuate,reboundn稳定:稳定:remainstable,stabilize,leveloff 1/11/202341学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪最常用的两种表达法最常用的两种表达法n1.动词动词+副词副词nThenumberofXXX+increase/jump/rise/decrease/drop/fall/fluctuate+significantly/slightly/suddenly/rapidly/dramatically/shar
25、ply/steadily/gradually/slowly+from(第一时间第一时间)to(第二时间第二时间)/between(第一时间第一时间)and(第第二时间二时间)1/11/202342学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪n形容词形容词+名词名词 nTherewaslittlechange/hardlyanychange/nochangeasudden/slight/dramaticincreaseinthenumberofXXXfrom(第一时间第一时间)to(第第二时间二时间)/between(第一时间第一时间)and(第第二时间二时间)1/11/202343学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪
26、n以下数据为以下数据为1990年、年、1995年、年、2002年某校大学年某校大学生使用计算机的情况,某校大学生平均每周使用生使用计算机的情况,某校大学生平均每周使用计算机的时间计算机的时间:1990年(年(2hours)、)、1995年年(4hours)、2002年年(14hours),请描述其变化;,请描述其变化;n请说明发生这些变化的原因(可从计算机的用途、请说明发生这些变化的原因(可从计算机的用途、价格或社会发展等方面加以说明)价格或社会发展等方面加以说明)n你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或你认为目前大学生在计算机使用中有什么困难或问题。问题。例题1/11/202344学位英
27、语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪Student Use of Computers n As can be seen from the chart,changes took place in the amount of students using computers in a certain university in the period from 1990 to 2000.As early as 1990,a student only spent one hour on the average on the computer per week.Then five years later,the nu
28、mber became four times larger.And arriving in the year 2000,an average student was sitting in front of the computer screen for as many as 20 hours every week.This clearly indicates that computer technology has developed rapidly and computer use has greatly popularized.1/11/202345学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪第一段点评n
29、该段描述了数据的变化与规律,同学们可以留意划线部分。段落的第一句是开篇句,陈述图表所要描述的对象。之后每句段首的划线部分都是引出每一个重要数据,是对重要数据的描述。建议同学们参照这种方式介绍图表中有代表性的数据。段落的最后一句是归纳总结,鲜明地指出该组数据变化的大趋势,是为下一段的分析作出很好的铺垫。1/11/202346学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪n A variety of reasons contribute to the sharp increase in the amount of time employed in computer use.First,the computer ha
30、s various applications in whatever walk of life.Second,with the development of society,computer skills have become a must for employment.Finally,the gradually lowered price of computers makes it possible for the computer to find its way to the common home.All this results in the boom of computer use
31、.1/11/202347学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪第二段点评n该段采用了常见的“原因分析”模版。段首指出造成上述趋势的原因是多种多样的,然后分三点陈述重要的原因。此外,文中提及的三点原因是有递进关系的,建议同学们可以模仿这样的逻辑关系构思自己的文章。1/11/202348学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪nWiththetimespentoncomputers,therearisesomeproblems.ThemostseriousoneisthatmanystudentsarespendingsomuchtimeplayingPCgamessothattheyignoretheirstudie
32、s.Itisurgenttoletthestudentsmakebetteruseofcomputers.1/11/202349学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪第三段点评n该段是对原因分析的总结及引申,用一句话将文章过渡到这一现象可能导致的诸多社会问题,将文章进一步升华。最后,文章通过呼吁的形式结尾,既合理又过渡自然。建议同学们可以模仿这个结尾来组织自己的文章。1/11/202350学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪练习Categories of booksPercentage of book circulation in the libraryPopular fiction65.9%General n
33、onfiction18.2%Science/technology/education10.2%Art/literature/poetry5.1%nReading preferences of students in an American university in 2008n1、根据上表,简要描述美国某大学学生借阅图书的分布情况n2、你对这些学生阅读偏爱的评论n3、你通常喜欢阅读哪一类的书籍?说明理由。1/11/202351学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪作文构思n首先,对图表进行客观描述n进行针对性的分析(主观评论)切忌完全抛开图表内容空谈想法,应按照第一段的描述有重点地发表想法n最后一段,谈
34、实际情况(最好挑能发挥的一类书籍谈,不一定非要说出自己的真实情况)1/11/202352学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪Reading preferences(范文)nAs can be seen from the table given above,popular fiction is the most popular among American students,accounting for 65.9%of book circulation in the library.General nonfiction takes up 18.2%,while book concerning scien
35、ce,technology and education,only 10.8%.In contrast,books of art,literature and poetry only have a circulation of 5.1%.1/11/202353学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪nSeveral reasons contribute to their reading preferences.Firstly,popular fiction is fascinating to the young students.Secondly,books about science and techno
36、logy are usually too complex and difficult to read.Finally,in todays market economy,much more emphasis is laid on practical and vocational books rather than arts and poetry.1/11/202354学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪nWhen it comes to me,poetry and art are my favorite.Such kind of books and nourish my mind,broaden my horizon and render my a fresh feeling.nReading a piece of good poetry tends to relieve my burden,and lessen my tension,making me more creative and dynamic.It gets me to an imaginary world,fresh and beautiful.I just love that feeling.1/11/202355学位英语写作专题讲解 孙韵雪谢谢!