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1、By:By:李弘扬，沈柯倩，卢琪，马文娟李弘扬，沈柯倩，卢琪，马文娟Odysseus(or Ulysses),attempting to travel home,underwent a series of trials,tribulations and setbacks that stretched his journey to ten years time.These are detailed in Homers epic poem the Odyssey.A Brief Introduction of Odysseus个人简介奥德修斯（Odysseus)希腊神话说中的人物。罗马神话传说中称
2、之为尤利塞斯或尤利克塞斯。是希腊西部伊塔卡岛之王，曾参加特洛伊战争。出征前参加希腊使团去见特洛伊国王普里阿摩斯，以求和平解决因帕里斯劫夺海伦而引起的争端，但未获结果。希腊联军围攻特洛伊10年期间，奥德修斯英勇善战，足智多谋，屡建奇功。他献木马计里应外合攻破特洛伊。在率领同伴从特洛伊回国途中，因刺瞎独目巨人波吕斐摩斯，得罪了海神波塞冬，从而屡遭波塞冬的阻挠，历尽各种艰辛、危难。他战胜魔女基尔克，克服海妖塞壬美妙歌声的诱惑，穿过海怪斯库拉和卡吕布狄斯的居地，摆脱神女卡吕普索的7年挽留，最后于第十年侥幸一人回到故土伊塔卡，同儿子特勒马科斯一起，杀死纠缠他妻子的、挥霍他的家财的求婚者，合家团圆。奥德修
3、斯的事迹在荷马史诗中有详细描述。荷马史诗之后的传说对奥德修斯的经历又有补充，但多突出他性格的负面特点，把他描绘成一个虚伪、狡诈、胆小的人。木马计奥德修斯与巨人奥德修斯与塞壬The Returns from Troy are the stories of how the Greek leaders returned after their victory in the Trojan War.Many Achaean heroes did not return to their homes,but died or founded colonies outside the Greek mainlan
4、d.The most famous returns are those of Odysseus,whose wanderings are narrated in the Odyssey.(last part of the return)Athena disguises Odysseus as a wandering beggar so he can see how things stand in his household.After dinner,he tells the farm laborers a fictitious tale of himself:He was born in Cr
5、ete,had led a party of Cretans to fight alongside other Greeks in the Trojan War,and had then spent seven years at the court of the king of Egypt;finally he had been shipwrecked in Thesprotia and crossed from there to Ithaca.When the disguised Odysseus returns,Penelope announces in her long intervie
6、w with the disguised hero that whoever can string Odysseuss rigid bow and shoot an arrow through twelve axe shafts may have her hand.Odysseus identity is discovered by the housekeeper,Eurycleia,as she is washing his feet and discovers an old scar Odysseus received during a boar hunt.Odysseus swears
7、her to secrecy,threatening to kill her if she tells anyone.装作乞丐入宫装作乞丐入宫When the contest of the bow begins,none of the suitors is able to string the bow,but Odysseus does,and wins the contest.Having done so,he proceeds to slaughter the suitorsbeginning with Antinous whom he finds drinking from Odysse
8、us cupwith help from Telemachus,Athena and two servants,Eumaeus the swineherd and Philoetius the cowherd.Odysseus tells the serving women who slept with the suitors to clean up the mess of corpses and then has those women hanged in terror.He tells Telemachus that he will replenish his stocks by raid
9、ing nearby islands.Odysseus has now revealed himself in all his glory(with a little makeover by Athena);yet Penelope cannot believe that her husband has really returnedshe fears that it is perhaps some god in disguise,as in the story of Alcmeneand tests him by ordering her servant Euryclea to move t
10、he bed in their wedding-chamber.Odysseus protests that this cannot be done since he made the bed himself and knows that one of its legs is a living olive tree.Penelope finally accepts that he truly is her husband,a moment that highlights their homophrosn(like-mindedness).The next day Odysseus and Telemachus visit the country farm of his old father Laertes.The citizens of Ithaca follow Odysseus on the road,planning to avenge the killing of the Suitors,their sons.The goddess Athena intervenes and persuades both sides to make peace.奥德修斯的妻子奥德修斯的妻子