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1、If条件状语从句IF条件状语从句真实条件从句非真实条件从句（虚拟条件从句）v真实条件句：v、IfIhavetime,Iwillhelpyouwiththiswork.v、Ifyouhavefinishedthehomework,youcangohomev、Iftimepermits,wellgofishingtogether.v（4）Ifyouheatice，itturnstowater.v表示在某条件下，某事很可能发生，条件是可能存表示在某条件下，某事很可能发生，条件是可能存在的，主句中某种情况发生的概率也是很高的。在的，主句中某种情况发生的概率也是很高的。）虚拟条件句：、IfIwereyo
2、u,Iwouldhaveattendedthemeeting.、Ifhehadcomehereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenhisoldfriend.、Ifithadrainedyesterday,wewouldhavestayedathome.表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件，表示不可实现的条件或根本不可能存在的条件，也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设。也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设。从句主句与现在事实相反过去式V+edbe 用werewould/should/could/might+do与过去事实相反过去完成式had donewould/should/could/might
3、+have done与将来事实相反过去式V+ed;should/were to +动词原形would/should/could/might+do“后退一步法”v后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后，按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。即：在非真实条件状语从句中，谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”。也就是：-与过去事实相反，在从句中用过去完成时形式表示。与现在事实相反，在从句中用过去一般时形式表示。与将来事实可能相反，在从句中用过去将来时形式表示。v-主句中则用情态动词would,should,could等加一个与从句一致的动词形式。vIfIwereyou,Iwouldinvi
4、tehimtothepartyvIfIknewhisnewaddress,Iwouldtellyou.vIwouldhavearrivedmuchearlierifIhadnotbeencaughtinthetrafficvIfshewereto/shouldcome,Iwouldtellherthesecret.虚拟条件句的倒装 虚拟条件句的从句部分含有 were,should,或 had 时,可省略if，再把 were,should或had 移到从句的句首，实行倒装.1.Were they here now,they could help us=If they were here now
5、2.Had you come earlier,you would have met him=If you had come earlier 3.Should it rain,the crops would be saved =Were it to rainNOTE!vIfIwerenthere,hemightnotfeelsonervous.vA.WerentIherevB.WerenotIherevC.WereInotherev正确答案：CvIfit_lastnight，Itwouldbeverycoldtoday.vA.rainedB.rainsvC.hadrainedD.wouldrai
6、n错综时间虚拟条件句v有时条件从句和主句所表示的动作在时间上有时条件从句和主句所表示的动作在时间上可以不一致（例如一个与过去事实相反，另可以不一致（例如一个与过去事实相反，另一个与现在事实相反），这种虚拟条件句就一个与现在事实相反），这种虚拟条件句就称为错综时间虚拟条件句。称为错综时间虚拟条件句。非真实条件从句非真实条件从句主句主句IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavegonetothefilmlastnight.Ifhehadtoldmeaboutit,Iwouldknowwhattodonow.IfIhadtakenyouradvice，Ishouldhavenotroublewith
7、theworknow.v1.IfI_wherehelived,I_anotetohim.A.know,wouldhavesentB.hadknown,wouldhavesentC.know,wouldsendD.knew,wouldhavesentv2.Ifyouhadenoughmoney,what_?A.willyoubuyB.wouldyoubuyC.wouldyouhaveboughtD.willyouhaveboughtv3.What_ifthere_nolightduringtheday?A.willhappen;wasB.wouldhappen;isC.happens;wereD
8、.wouldhappen;were4.Ifit_notforthefactthatyou_illnow,Iwouldsurelypunishyou.A.is;areB.were;wereC.were;areD.was;werev5.IfHenryhadnotpulledhiscaplowoverhisbrow,he_bythepolice.vA.mightberecognizedB.mighthavebeenrecognizedC.wouldhaverecognizedD.wastohavebeenrecognizedvIfthefactory_(belong)tome,I_(notsell)
9、it.Butitisntyours.v2.Ifyou_(keep)thesecret,nobody_(know)it.Imsorryformakingsuchamistake.v3.Iftheweatherweretobe(be)finetomorrow,I_(go)foranoutingwithmyparents.4._(be)Iyou,Iwouldthinkaboutthisproblemonceagain.5._(have)Ihadtimelastnight,I_(go)toseethiswonderfulfilm.6.Ifhe_(receive)sixmorevotes，he_(be)ourchairmannow.