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1、LOGOUnit 4 Earthquakes-grammarClick to edit Master text stylesLOGOOne million people of the city were asleep as usual that night.One million people thought little of these events.One million people of the city,who thought little of these events,were asleep as usual that night.Click to edit Master te
2、xt stylesLOGOIt was felt in Beijing.Beijing is more than two hundred kilometers away.It was felt in Beijing,which is more than two hundred kilometers away.Click to edit Master text stylesLOGOA huge crack cut across houses,roads and canals.A huge crack was eight kilometers long and thirty kilometers
3、wide.A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty kilometers wide cut across houses,roads and canals.Click to edit Master text stylesLOGOAnother big quake shook Tangshan.Another big quake was almost as strong as the first one.Another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one sh
4、ook Tangshan.Click to edit Master text stylesLOGOThe army organized teams to dig out those people.Those people were trapped.The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped.Click to edit Master text stylesLOGOWorkers built shelters for survivors.The survivors homes had been destroyed.Worke
5、rs built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.Click to edit Master text stylesLOGOClick to edit Master text stylesLOGODo you know the men who were moving stone in the picture?Click to edit Master text stylesLOGODo you know the men who were moving stone in the picture?The men whom we
6、 just saw in the picture are soldiers.The men who/that were moving stone are soldiers.Click to edit Master text stylesLOGOSubject(主语主语)Object(宾语宾语)Attribute(定语定语)FunctionFunction关系代词在从关系代词在从关系代词在从关系代词在从句中的作用句中的作用句中的作用句中的作用关系代词，如关系代词，如that,which,who,whose,whom,of whom,of which等等 Click to edit Master
7、text stylesLOGOThis is the house,of which the window broke last night.This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived.He lived in a big house,in front of which stood a big tall tree.Click to edit Master text stylesLOGOIn the dark street,there wasnt a single person to whom she could turn to help.The gen
8、tleman about whom you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.Click to edit Master text stylesLOGODo you know the men who were moving stone in the picture?Mary is driving a car which(或用或用that)can travel 160 kilometers an hour.Subject(主语主语)Click to edit Master text stylesLOGOObject(宾语宾语)The man whom(或
9、用或用that,口语中也可用口语中也可用who,可省略可省略)we just saw in the picture is Liu Dehua.He has not found the mobile which(或用或用that,可省略可省略)he lost last week.口语中，口语中，在定语从句里起宾语作用的关系代词常在定语从句里起宾语作用的关系代词常可省去，如：可省去，如：Have you found the CD-ROM(which/that)you want?Click to edit Master text stylesLOGOAttribute(定语定语)Excuse me.
10、Are you the gentleman whose umbrella I borrowed yesterday?I saw some trees whose leaves were black with disease.Click to edit Master text stylesLOGO限制性定语从句中，限制性定语从句中，必须用关系代词必须用关系代词thatthat的情况的情况1当先行词是不定代词当先行词是不定代词 all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one 时，如：时，如：Do you have
11、 anything that you want to say for yourself?You should hand in all that you have.Click to edit Master text stylesLOGO限制性定语从句中，限制性定语从句中，必须用关系代词必须用关系代词thatthat的情况的情况2当先行词前面有当先行词前面有the only,the very,any,few,little,no,all等词修饰时，如：等词修饰时，如：This is the very person that Im waiting for.The only thing that we
12、can do is to give you some money.Click to edit Master text stylesLOGO限制性定语从句中，限制性定语从句中，必须用关系代词必须用关系代词thatthat的情况的情况3当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词的前面有形容当先行词是形容词最高级或先行词的前面有形容词最高级修饰时，如：词最高级修饰时，如：This is the best that has been used against pollution.This is the most interesting film that Ive ever seen.Click to edit M
13、aster text stylesLOGO限制性定语从句中，限制性定语从句中，必须用关系代词必须用关系代词thatthat的情况的情况4当先行词是序数词或它前面有序数词修饰时，当先行词是序数词或它前面有序数词修饰时，如：如：This train is the last that will go to Hangzhou.What is the first American film that you have seen?Click to edit Master text stylesLOGO限制性定语从句中，限制性定语从句中，必须用关系代词必须用关系代词thatthat的情况的情况5当先行词既有
14、人又有物时，如：当先行词既有人又有物时，如：Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?Click to edit Master text stylesLOGO限制性定语从句中，限制性定语从句中，必须用关系代词必须用关系代词thatthat的情况的情况6当主句的主语是疑问词当主句的主语是疑问词who或或which时，如：时，如：Which is the bike that you lost?Who is the boy that won the gold medal?Click to edit Master te
15、xt stylesLOGO定语从句中，定语从句中，必须用关系代词必须用关系代词whichwhich的情况的情况 Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others,which,of course,made the others envy him.1在非限制性定语从句中，只用在非限制性定语从句中，只用which,which,不不用用that,that,如：如：Click to edit Master text stylesLOGO定语从句中，定语从句中，必须用关系代词必须用关系代词whichwhich的情况的情况 This i
16、s the house in which Lu Xun once lived.2当动词短语中的介词提前时，只用当动词短语中的介词提前时，只用which,which,不用不用thatthat。如：如：注意：注意：在一些固定搭配的动词短语中，在一些固定搭配的动词短语中，由于动词由于动词和介词不可分割，因此不能把介词置于关系代词之前。和介词不可分割，因此不能把介词置于关系代词之前。如如:This is the pen(which/that)Im looking for.Click to edit Master text stylesLOGOFill in the blanks using that
17、and which.1.Is there anything_ you dont understand about the problem？2.This is the very book _ I have been looking for.3.All the presents _ your friends gave you on your birthday should be put away.4.The worst matter _ Im afraid of happened in the end.5.He was late for the ceremony,_ was very surpri
18、sing to me.thatthatthatthatwhichClick to edit Master text stylesLOGO1.Many children,_parents are away working in big cities,are taken good care of in the village.A.their B.whose C.of them D.with whom2.Theyve won their last three matches,_I find a bit surprised actually.A.that B.when C.what D.whichCl
19、ick to edit Master text stylesLOGO3.A person _ e-mail account is full wont be able to send or receive any e-mail.A.who B.whom C.whose D.whoeverA.who B.which C.when D.that4.Whenever I met her,_was fairly often,she greeted me with a sweet smile.Click to edit Master text stylesLOGO5.Gun control is a su
20、bject _Americans have argued for a long time.A.of which B.with which B.C.about which D.into whichA.who B.whomever B.C.no matter who D.whoever6.The how to book can be of help to _ wants to do the job.Click to edit Master text stylesLOGO7.The man pulled out a gold watch,_were made of small diamonds.A.
21、the hands of whom B.whom the hands of C.which the hands of D.the hands of whichA.when B.that C.whether D.what8.-Is there any possibility _you could pick me up at the airport?-No problem.Click to edit Master text stylesLOGO9.You can only be sure of _you have at present;you cannot be sure of something _you might get in the future.A.that;what B.what;/B.C.which;that D./;that10.He was educated at the local high school,_he went on to Beijing University.A.after which B.after that B.C.in which D.in thatLOGO