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1、高三英语语法专项训练高三英语语法专项训练高三英语语法专项训练高三英语语法专项训练复合宾语复合宾语复合宾语复合宾语英语的五个基本结构英语的五个基本结构S 十十 V 主谓结构主谓结构S 十十 V 十十 P 主系表结构主系表结构S 十十 V 十十 O 主谓宾结构主谓宾结构S 十十 V 十十 O1 十十 O2 主谓双宾结构主谓双宾结构S 十十 V 十十 O 十十 C 主谓宾补结构主谓宾补结构说明：说明：S主语；主语；V谓语；谓语；P表语；表语；O宾语；宾语；O1间接宾语；间接宾语；O2直接宾语；直接宾语；C宾语补足语宾语补足语 1 1S S 十十十十 V V 句式句式句式句式He runs quick
2、lyHe runs quickly他跑得快。他跑得快。他跑得快。他跑得快。2 2S S 十十十十 V V 十十十十 P P 句式：句式：句式：句式：The story sounds interestingThe story sounds interesting这个故事听起来有趣。这个故事听起来有趣。这个故事听起来有趣。这个故事听起来有趣。3 3S S 十十十十 V V 十十十十 O O 句式句式句式句式They built a house last yearThey built a house last year他们去年建了一所房子。他们去年建了一所房子。他们去年建了一所房子。他们去年建了一所
3、房子。4 4S S 十十十十 V V 十十十十 O1 O1 十十十十 O2 O2 句式句式句式句式He offered me his seat/his seat to meHe offered me his seat/his seat to me他把座位让给我。他把座位让给我。他把座位让给我。他把座位让给我。5 5S S 十十十十 V V 十十十十 O O 十十十十 C C 句式句式句式句式They found her happy that dayThey found her happy that day他们发现那天她很高兴。他们发现那天她很高兴。他们发现那天她很高兴。他们发现那天她很高兴。I
4、 found him outI found him out我发现他出去了。我发现他出去了。我发现他出去了。我发现他出去了。They named the boy CharlieThey named the boy Charlie他们给这个男孩起名为查理。他们给这个男孩起名为查理。他们给这个男孩起名为查理。他们给这个男孩起名为查理。I saw him come in and go outI saw him come in and go out我见他进来又出去。我见他进来又出去。我见他进来又出去。我见他进来又出去。They felt the car moving fastThey felt the
5、car moving fast他们感到汽车行驶得很快。他们感到汽车行驶得很快。他们感到汽车行驶得很快。他们感到汽车行驶得很快。He found the door of study closed to himHe found the door of study closed to him他发现研究所的大他发现研究所的大他发现研究所的大他发现研究所的大门对他关闭了。门对他关闭了。门对他关闭了。门对他关闭了。一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：1 1、名词：、名词：、名词：、名词：We made him our monitor.We made him our mo
6、nitor.They thought this good advice.They thought this good advice.They named their daughter Jenny.They named their daughter Jenny.注注注注：常用名词充当宾语补足语的动词有：常用名词充当宾语补足语的动词有：常用名词充当宾语补足语的动词有：常用名词充当宾语补足语的动词有：call,call,name,name,elect,elect,make,make,think,think,appoint,appoint,choose,choose,find,find,conside
7、r,consider,keep,wish,feelkeep,wish,feel等。等。等。等。注注注注：充充充充当当当当宾宾宾宾语语语语补补补补足足足足语语语语的的的的名名名名词词词词若若若若表表表表示示示示正正正正式式式式的的的的或或或或独独独独一一一一无无无无二二二二的的的的头头头头衔衔衔衔、职职职职位时，前面一般不用冠词，如：位时，前面一般不用冠词，如：位时，前面一般不用冠词，如：位时，前面一般不用冠词，如：They elected John chairman of the committee.They elected John chairman of the committee.2 2
8、、形容词：形容词：形容词：形容词：You should keep your room clean and tidy.You should keep your room clean and tidy.Wed better leave the door open.Wed better leave the door open.注：常用形容词充当宾语补足语的动词有：注：常用形容词充当宾语补足语的动词有：注：常用形容词充当宾语补足语的动词有：注：常用形容词充当宾语补足语的动词有：believe,believe,think,think,get,get,keep,keep,make,make,find,fi
9、nd,set,set,like,like,wish,wish,see,see,consider,consider,prove,have,leave,prove,have,leave,以及以及以及以及paint,drive,turn,cut paint,drive,turn,cut 等。等。等。等。3 3、现在分词：、现在分词：、现在分词：、现在分词：Im sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.Im sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.I could feel the cold wind blowi
10、ng on my face.I could feel the cold wind blowing on my face.At this moment she noticed the teacher coming in.At this moment she noticed the teacher coming in.一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：5 5、过去分词：过去分词：过去分词：过去分词：He watched the TV set carried out of the room.He watched the TV set carried out of
11、 the room.Last year they had their house rebuilt.Last year they had their house rebuilt.When you speak English,be sure to make yourself understood.When you speak English,be sure to make yourself understood.6 6此外，副词和介词短语也可以充当宾语补足语，如：此外，副词和介词短语也可以充当宾语补足语，如：此外，副词和介词短语也可以充当宾语补足语，如：此外，副词和介词短语也可以充当宾语补足语，如
12、：When do you want it back?When do you want it back?Why didnt you invite them in?Why didnt you invite them in?We could hear the children at play outside.We could hear the children at play outside.4 4、动词不定式：动词不定式：动词不定式：动词不定式：Nobody could make him change his mind.Nobody could make him change his mind.W
13、ould you like me to come along with you?Would you like me to come along with you?He believed the earth to be a globe.He believed the earth to be a globe.一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：一、可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有：二、宾语和其补足语之间的逻辑关系：二、宾语和其补足语之间的逻辑关系：1 1、当当当当名名名名词词词词、形形形形容容容容词词词词、副副副副词词词词和和和和介介介介词词词词短短短短语语语语充充充充当当当当宾宾宾宾语语语语补补补
14、补足足足足语语语语时时时时，它它它它们们们们和和和和宾宾宾宾语语语语之之之之间间间间有有有有着着着着逻逻逻逻辑辑辑辑上上上上的的的的主主主主谓谓谓谓关关关关系系系系（或或或或称称称称表表表表语语语语关关关关系系系系），若若若若无无无无宾宾宾宾语语语语补补补补足足足足语语语语，则则则则句句句句意意意意不不不不完完完完整整整整。宾宾宾宾语语语语补补补补足足足足语语语语说说说说明明明明宾宾宾宾语语语语的的的的情情情情况况况况、性性性性质质质质、特特特特征征征征、状状状状态、身份或属类等。试比较：态、身份或属类等。试比较：态、身份或属类等。试比较：态、身份或属类等。试比较：We made him ou
15、r monitor.(He is our monitor.)We made him our monitor.(He is our monitor.)You You should should keep keep your your room room clean clean and and tidy.tidy.(Your(Your room room is is clean clean and tidy.)and tidy.)We We could could hear hear the the children children at at play play outside.outside
16、.(The(The children children are are at at play outside.)play outside.)二、宾语和其补足语之间的逻辑关系：二、宾语和其补足语之间的逻辑关系：2 2、当当当当现现现现在在在在分分分分词词词词和和和和动动动动词词词词不不不不定定定定式式式式充充充充当当当当宾宾宾宾语语语语补补补补足足足足语语语语时时时时，它它它它们们们们和和和和宾宾宾宾语语语语之之之之间间间间有有有有逻逻逻逻辑辑辑辑上上上上的的的的主主主主谓谓谓谓关关关关系系系系，宾宾宾宾语语语语补补补补足足足足语语语语一一一一般般般般为为为为宾宾宾宾语语语语所所所所做做做做的的
17、的的动动动动作作作作，（若若若若无无无无宾语补足语，则句意不完整），如：宾语补足语，则句意不完整），如：宾语补足语，则句意不完整），如：宾语补足语，则句意不完整），如：He He saw saw an an old old man man getting getting on on the the bus.bus.(An(An old old man man was was getting getting on on the bus.)the bus.)Did Did you you see see a a young young man man enter enter the the hou
18、se?house?(A(A young young man man entered entered the house.)the house.)二、宾语和其补足语之间的逻辑关系：二、宾语和其补足语之间的逻辑关系：3 3、当当当当过过过过去去去去分分分分词词词词充充充充当当当当宾宾宾宾语语语语补补补补足足足足语语语语时时时时，它它它它与与与与宾宾宾宾语语语语之之之之间间间间有有有有着着着着动动动动宾宾宾宾关关关关系系系系，即：宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者，如：即：宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者，如：即：宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者，如：即：宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者，如：
19、I once heard this song sung in Japanese.I once heard this song sung in Japanese.(This song was once sung in Japanese.)(This song was once sung in Japanese.)I didnt want the children taken out in such weather.I didnt want the children taken out in such weather.(The children were taken out in such wea
20、ther.)(The children were taken out in such weather.)三三三三、在在在在用用用用现现现现在在在在分分分分词词词词或或或或不不不不定定定定式式式式作作作作宾宾宾宾语语语语补补补补足足足足语语语语的的的的动动动动词词词词中中中中，有有有有些些些些只只只只能能能能用用用用现现现现在在在在分分分分词词词词作作作作宾宾宾宾语语语语补补补补足足足足语语语语；有有有有些些些些只只只只能能能能用用用用不不不不定定定定式式式式作作作作宾宾宾宾语语语语补补补补足足足足语语语语；还还还还有有有有的的的的动动动动词既能用现在分词又可用不定式作宾语补足语：词既能用现在分
21、词又可用不定式作宾语补足语：词既能用现在分词又可用不定式作宾语补足语：词既能用现在分词又可用不定式作宾语补足语：1 1、只只只只能能能能用用用用现现现现在在在在分分分分词词词词作作作作宾宾宾宾语语语语补补补补足足足足语语语语的的的的动动动动词词词词有有有有：catch,catch,keep,keep,mind,mind,prevent,stop,smell,excuse prevent,stop,smell,excuse 等。例如：等。例如：等。例如：等。例如：She caught her son smoking a cigarette.She caught her son smoking a
22、 cigarette.His words started me thinking.His words started me thinking.2 2、只只只只能能能能用用用用不不不不定定定定式式式式作作作作宾宾宾宾语语语语补补补补足足足足语语语语的的的的动动动动词词词词有有有有：wish,wish,desire,desire,expect,expect,love,love,prefer,prefer,trust,trust,encourage,encourage,let,let,allow,allow,permit,permit,mean,mean,lead,lead,bring,bring,
23、put,put,hurry,hurry,cause,cause,remind,remind,ask,ask,invite,invite,beg,beg,request,request,worry,worry,advise,advise,persuade,persuade,call call on,on,tell,tell,order,order,command,command,require,require,make,make,force,force,drive,drive,forbid,forbid,warn,warn,help,help,teach,teach,show,show,assi
24、st,assist,report,report,bear,bear,wait wait for for/think,think,take,know,judge,consider,suppose,believe,allow,prove,declaretake,know,judge,consider,suppose,believe,allow,prove,declare等。等。等。等。3 3、既既既既能能能能用用用用现现现现在在在在分分分分词词词词又又又又可可可可用用用用不不不不定定定定式式式式作作作作宾宾宾宾语语语语补补补补足足足足语语语语的的的的动动动动词词词词有有有有：see,see,wat
25、ch,watch,notice,notice,look look at,at,observe,observe,listen listen to,to,hear,hear,feel,feel,have,have,imagine,imagine,discover,like,want,understand,hate,get,set,leavediscover,like,want,understand,hate,get,set,leave等。等。等。等。四、使用不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式符号四、使用不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式符号四、使用不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式符号四、使用不定式作宾语补足语时，
26、不定式符号 toto 的取舍问题：的取舍问题：的取舍问题：的取舍问题：1 1、在在在在hear,hear,listen listen to,to,let,let,have,have,make,make,see,see,watch,watch,notice,notice,observe observe 等等等等动动动动词后的不定式需省去词后的不定式需省去词后的不定式需省去词后的不定式需省去 to to。2 2、feel feel 一词，跟一词，跟一词，跟一词，跟 to be to be 型不定式带型不定式带型不定式带型不定式带 toto；跟跟跟跟 to do to do 型不定式不带型不定式不带
27、型不定式不带型不定式不带 toto。3 3、help help 一词后的不定式，可带一词后的不定式，可带一词后的不定式，可带一词后的不定式，可带 toto，也可以不带也可以不带也可以不带也可以不带 toto。（请参见请参见请参见请参见“动词不定式动词不定式动词不定式动词不定式”一节）一节）一节）一节）五五五五、在在在在复复复复合合合合宾宾宾宾语语语语中中中中，宾宾宾宾语语语语通通通通常常常常为为为为名名名名词词词词或或或或代代代代词词词词，但但但但有有有有时时时时也也也也可可可可以以以以用用用用不不不不定定定定式式式式（短短短短语语语语）、动动动动名名名名词词词词（短短短短语语语语）或或或或t
28、hatthat从从从从句句句句来来来来充充充充当当当当。这这这这时时时时，应应应应使使使使用用用用先先先先行行行行it it代代代代替替替替宾宾宾宾语语语语，而而而而将将将将真真真真正正正正的的的的宾宾宾宾语语语语移移移移到到到到句句句句子子子子的后部，如：的后部，如：的后部，如：的后部，如：I felt it necessary to speak about our shortcomings.I felt it necessary to speak about our shortcomings.Do you consider it any good trying again?Do you c
29、onsider it any good trying again?We all thought it a pity that you couldnt join us.We all thought it a pity that you couldnt join us.注注注注意意意意：在在在在这这这这种种种种结结结结构构构构中中中中，宾宾宾宾语语语语补补补补足足足足语语语语通通通通常常常常为为为为名名名名词词词词或或或或形形形形容容容容词词词词；常常常常用用用用于这种结构的动词有：于这种结构的动词有：于这种结构的动词有：于这种结构的动词有：feel,find,think,make,take,ju
30、dge,consider feel,find,think,make,take,judge,consider 等。等。等。等。翻译练习：翻译练习：翻译练习：翻译练习：1 1、我们叫她、我们叫她、我们叫她、我们叫她AliceAlice。2 2、他的父母给他取名为、他的父母给他取名为、他的父母给他取名为、他的父母给他取名为JohnJohn。3 3、我们大家都认为他是诚实的。、我们大家都认为他是诚实的。、我们大家都认为他是诚实的。、我们大家都认为他是诚实的。4 4、他们把门推开了。、他们把门推开了。、他们把门推开了。、他们把门推开了。5 5、他们把小偷释放了。、他们把小偷释放了。、他们把小偷释放了。、
31、他们把小偷释放了。6 6、我们要使学校变得更美丽。、我们要使学校变得更美丽。、我们要使学校变得更美丽。、我们要使学校变得更美丽。7 7、他请我们参加做游戏。、他请我们参加做游戏。、他请我们参加做游戏。、他请我们参加做游戏。We call her Alice.We call her Alice.His parents named him John.His parents named him John.All of us considered him honest.All of us considered him honest.They pushed the door open.They push
32、ed the door open.They have set the thief free.They have set the thief free.We will make our school more beautiful.We will make our school more beautiful.He asked us to join in the game.He asked us to join in the game.翻译练习：翻译练习：翻译练习：翻译练习：8 8、我要你把真相告诉我。、我要你把真相告诉我。、我要你把真相告诉我。、我要你把真相告诉我。9 9、卫兵命令我们立即离开。、
33、卫兵命令我们立即离开。、卫兵命令我们立即离开。、卫兵命令我们立即离开。1010、明天我要找人来修理机器。、明天我要找人来修理机器。、明天我要找人来修理机器。、明天我要找人来修理机器。1111、每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。、每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。、每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。、每天早晨我们都听到他大声朗读英语。1212、痛苦使得他叫喊起来。、痛苦使得他叫喊起来。、痛苦使得他叫喊起来。、痛苦使得他叫喊起来。1313、我们不会让她在晚上外出的。、我们不会让她在晚上外出的。、我们不会让她在晚上外出的。、我们不会让她在晚上外出的。1414、他每个月理一次发。、他每个月理一次发。、
34、他每个月理一次发。、他每个月理一次发。I want you to tell me the truth.I want you to tell me the truth.The guards ordered us to leave at once.The guards ordered us to leave at once.Tomorrow Ill have someone repair the machine.Tomorrow Ill have someone repair the machine.Every morning we hear him read English aloud.Ever
35、y morning we hear him read English aloud.The pain made him cry out.The pain made him cry out.We wont let her go out at night.We wont let her go out at night.He has his hair cut once a month.He has his hair cut once a month.翻译练习：翻译练习：翻译练习：翻译练习：1515、我要请人把我的录音机修理一下。、我要请人把我的录音机修理一下。、我要请人把我的录音机修理一下。、我要请人
36、把我的录音机修理一下。1616、她正在听人家讲故事。、她正在听人家讲故事。、她正在听人家讲故事。、她正在听人家讲故事。1717、我从来没看见这个字这样用过。、我从来没看见这个字这样用过。、我从来没看见这个字这样用过。、我从来没看见这个字这样用过。1818、他感到很难跟你交谈。、他感到很难跟你交谈。、他感到很难跟你交谈。、他感到很难跟你交谈。1919、我想乘船去那里更舒服些。、我想乘船去那里更舒服些。、我想乘船去那里更舒服些。、我想乘船去那里更舒服些。2020、我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。、我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。、我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。、我认为有可能用另一种方法解题。2121、
37、我认为与那个人谈话是无益的。、我认为与那个人谈话是无益的。、我认为与那个人谈话是无益的。、我认为与那个人谈话是无益的。Ill get my recorder mended.Ill get my recorder mended.She is listening to someone telling stories.She is listening to someone telling stories.I have never seen the word used that way before.I have never seen the word used that way before.He
38、felt it very difficult to talk with you.He felt it very difficult to talk with you.I think it more comfortable to go there by ship.I think it more comfortable to go there by ship.I consider it possible to work out the problem in another way.I consider it possible to work out the problem in another way.I thought it no use talking with that man.I thought it no use talking with that man.