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1、英语写作I课程实验教学大纲一、课程基本信息课程代码：课程名称：英语写作I英文名称：English Writing I实验总学时：16适用专业：英语专业课程类别：学科基础课先修课程：综合英语I二、实验教学的总体目的和要求总体目的：英语写作I课程是英语专业、英语（翻译）专业一年级级必修主干专 业基础课程，是培养提高学生在校及毕业后从事工作所需写作技能系列课程的第一 门。本课程融合了国内外先进的写作教学模式，强调写作过程的教学，积极鼓励学生 参与课堂教学，培养学生获取知识的能力、运用知识的能力、分析问题的能力、独立 提出见解的能力和创新的能力。作为思政教育的重要领地，英语写作实验课程是在运用写作理论
2、的同时，应充分 发挥写作实践在思想灌输引导上的优势，将思政教育融于描述文，记叙文，说明文， 议论文等不同文体的写作训练中。总之，英语写作课程当通过有效途径渗透“思政” 元素，教师在课堂中弘扬中华优秀传统文化，渗透爱国主义教育，努力成为社会主义 核心价值观的践行者和先进文化的传播者。This course equips students with a firm knowledge of the fundamentals of composition, standard English grammar and style. Students5 creativity and participatio
3、n will be strongly encouraged through class-wide and small group activities and discussion. Through this process, students will work towards writing coherent and unified essays using well-developed paragraphs, clear and effective sentences, and appropriate diction.1、对学生的要求：Make full preparations for
4、 writing practice from word to paragraph level; read through the instruction and be familiar with basic writing requirements; submitObjectives and requirements： Know how to expand sentences with absolutesLearn to avoid run-on sentences in writingReflections： Remind students that if the want to expre
5、ss more complex ideas, try to avoid choppy sentences as well.Lecture 8Title： Paragraph unity思政元素：通过探讨如何将句子写作过渡到段落写作，以“一个共产党员的故事”为 切入点，在段落写作的基础上，了解中国共产党光荣的奋斗之路，为人民谋幸福的初 心，以及肩负为世界“人类命运共同体”而奋斗的责任。紧跟时事发展，培养关心国 家发展，熟悉中华文化，弘扬中华文化的外语人。Content：I. Give students a more detailed illustration of paragraph unity
6、1. In a paragraph, all the sentences must develop one idea, the one contained in the topic sentence. Anything that doesnt contribute to the idea should be omitted from the paragraph.Eg. My uncles face is rough. His complexion is leathery and wrinkled. There are large pores in the skin that covers hi
7、s nose and cheeks. His nose, broken twice in his life, makes him look like a boxer who has lost too many fights. His mouth, unless he smiles, looks hard and threatening. His chin is massive and angular. Shaved or not shaved, my uncles face is rugged.Examples following also demonstrate paragraph unit
8、y.Example 1- Topic: Peoples waste of resourcesPeople these days waste a lot of resources. Many people buy products with a lot of unnecessary packaging that isnt good fbr the environment. Some people leave too many lights on around the house. Some arent careful about how much water they use.Example 2
9、- Topic: a nice parkThe park is a pleasant place for everyone. Little kids like to play on the swings and slides. Older children can play little league baseball or other team sports at the larger parks. Teenagers often play Frisbee on the grass or volleyball in the sand. Adults enjoy taking walks, a
10、nd some seniors like to sit on the park benches and feed the birds.IL Students work in groups to find out more examples.Type: Sentence-level skillsClass Hour： 1Objectives and requirements： Recognize the features of a coordinate sentenceKnow how to coordinate sentences and how to achieve sentence uni
11、tyReflections： More drills are needed to help students to identify the of unity in a paragraph.Lecture 9Title： Parallel Construed on思政元素：创新“红色教育”模式，让学生选选择一部红色影视作品，写一段观后感。在加强段落写作训练的同时，激发学生的爱国热情，培养健全的审美心理结构，促使 学生了解历史、认识国情、开拓视野，激发爱国主义情感和志向。Content：Students work in pairs to identify faulty parallelism a
12、nd correct the mistakes.1. Faulty ParallelismConnectives Requiring ParallelismCoordinating conjunctions join grammatically equal sentence elements; that is, they join a word to a word, a phrase to a phrase, or a clause to a clause. The independent clauses should be logically equal. Similarity in gra
13、mmatical structure, if possible, is also a good idea.2. Logic Dictates Use of ParallelismThe two independent clauses in the following sentence are not logically equal: The compressor may be operated in the compression mode, and then the flow is expelled from the anechoic room to the test duct.This s
14、entence calls for subordination, not coordination: When the compressor operates in the compression mode, the flow is expelled from the anechoic room to the test duct.3. Connectives Requiring ParallelismIn an itemization, all items must be the same grammatical construction, for example, allprepositio
15、nal phrases, all noun phrases, or all complete sentences:Type: Sentence-level skillsClass Hour： 1Objectives and requirements： Become familiar with a different types of coordinate sentences;Know how to coordinate sentences and how to achieve correct parallelismReflection: Ask students to summarize th
16、e rule against faulty parallelismLecture 10Title： Dangling/Misplaced modifiers思政元素：本单元对段落写作技巧有了更进一步的探索。让学生写一段中西方节假日 介绍，通过节日文化探索项目，引导学生认识中西节日文化差异，提高文化自信，增 强跨文化交际意识，培养跨文化交际能力。Content：I. Students work in pairs to find out how the placement of a word can change the meaning of a sentence.Be careful about
17、 the placement of simple modifiers such as only. Consider how the placement of only” can change the meaning of a sentence:Only I tested the bell jar for leaks yesterday.I only tested the bell jar for leaks yesterday.I tested only the bell jar for leaks yesterday.I tested the bell jar only for leaks
18、yesterday.I tested the bell jar for leaks only yesterday.IL More drills: Fix the dangling modifierChanging the oil every 3,000 miles, the car was kept in excellent condition.1. Comparing with the pollution of the average coal-fired plant, the thermal pollution of a nuclear power plant is low.2. Afte
19、r preparing the samples, our focus was on collecting the data.3. To improve the results, the experiment was repeated.4. While at the lecture, Dr. Li took the records from Dr. Wangs laboratory.5. Students who seek their teachers1 advice often can improve their grades.Type: Sentence-level skillsClass
20、Hour： 1Objectives and requirements： Learn to write natural and concise subordinate sentencesKnow how to avoid misplaced modifiers and dangling modifiersReflections： Ask students to sum up the rule against misplaced modifiersLecture 11Title： Strategies to improve sentence variety思政元素：本此练习着眼于标点符号的运用以及
21、句型多样化训练。选取有代表性的中英文例句，让学生感受标点符号对句意的影响及正确使用标点符号的重要性。同时以:新时政报道为例，让学生在仿写的同时，将语言学习与思政结合，努力成为具有中华文化底蕴、心有家国情怀、具有华文化底蕴、心有家国情怀、具有际视野的外语人才。Content：I . Ask students to find out the significance of sentence varietyThe Brushstroke ConceptJust as visual artists learn different techniques with paints and brushes,
22、writers need to employ different brushstrokes in their writing. Brushstrokes in writing link to grammatical structures: words, phrase, clauses and syntax (word order)The following are five grammatical structures, or brushstrokes, to improve writing: powerful verbs; participial phrases; absolute phra
23、ses; positive phrases; adjectives shifted out of order.Participial phrases add descriptions to nouns and pronouns in your writing because they function as adjectives even though they resemble actions.The absolute construction resembles the participial phrase. It includes a noun (person, place, thing
24、, or idea) and a participle (a word that looks like an action ending in -ed or -ing in most cases, but a participle is actually an adjective describing a noun).An appositive phrase adds details to other nouns. The difference between an appositive phrase and a participial phrase is that an appositive
25、 also functions as a noun; therefore, an appositive phrase frequently begins with a, an, or the.”Adjectives, the most common form of description for beginning writers, describe nouns and pronouns. Two other brushstrokes - participial phrases and absolutes - function as adjectives, though in form the
26、y differ. In English, adjectives usually come before nouns. If we shift the adjectives out of order, we draw attention to the adjectives and slow the pace of the sentence:Punctuation Alert: be sure to pay attention to comma usage when employing the brushstrokes. When using an introductory element, b
27、e sure to set it off with a comma. If you are interrupting a sentence, as adjectives shifted out of order will inherently do, remember to set off the interruption with commas.Type: Sentence-level skillsClass Hour： 1Objectives and requirements： Understand the importance of sentence varietyLearn to im
28、prove sentence variety in terms of length, pattern, emphasis, and sentence beginnerReflections： It is necessary to remind students that overuse can kill the variety, so use discretion when applying the new brushstrokes to the home assignment.Lecture 12Title： Review Units 4- 9思政元素：以“good manners”为主题，
29、进行词汇总结、句子写作复习，在进行写作 训练的同时，通过讨论礼貌言行的体现及观看视频讲解示例等活动，引导学生更深刻 地认识到礼仪是构建和谐社会的重要基础和有力支撑，进一步激发学生生于长于礼仪 之邦的自豪感、使命感和责任感。Content：Ask students to highlight the key points in these units.I. Complete sentences and sentence fragmentsWhat is a complete sentence?A grammatically complete sentence is one that contain
30、s at least a subject and predicate. A complete sentence begins with a capital letter and ends with a period.Be careful: in Chinese writing commas may be used to separate complete sentences. The use of comma in place of a period, a semi-colon, a colon or a dash in English writing is called the comma
31、fault, which Chinese students should be on guard against.1. What are sentence fragments?An incomplete sentence is a sentence with some part or parts missing. Some people also call them sentence fragments.a. Phrase fragmentFragment without a subjectb. Fragment without the auxiliary verbSubordinate cl
32、ause fragmentIL ModifiersThe most common modifiers in English are adjectives and adverbs, and different forms of verbs and nouns which can be used as adjectives.The major problem with modifiers is the redundancy of them. The modifiers are useless for they do nothing but repeat what the following nou
33、ns say. Useless modifiers can make your writing repetitious and wordy.111. Effective sentences. Unity is the first quality of an effective sentence. A unified sentence expresses a single complete thought. It does not contain ideas that are not closely related, nor does it express a thought that is n
34、ot complete by itself.1) . Coherence means clear and reasonable connection between parts. A sentence is coherent when its words or parts are properly connected and their relationship unmistakenly clear. It is not coherent if it has faulty parallel constructions, pronouns with ambiguous reference, da
35、ngling or misplaced modifiers, confusing shifts in person or number, or voice, tense and mood.2) . Wordiness only obscures instead of clarifying the idea. But one often uses more words than necessary, so it is a good habit to reread what has been written to see if there are words that can be deleted
36、 without affecting the meaning expressed.Type: Sentence-level skillsObjectives and requirements： Have a better mastery of the key points in Units 4-9Make preparations for the final testReflections： Give students a quick test on sentence variety if time permits.Lecture 13Title: 5-step process to para
37、graph development思政元素：以抗议为主题，进行段落写作训练。通过了解我国应对新冠疫情及疫情防 控中的感人事迹，写出个人体会，激发学生对于整个中华民族团结一心，众志成城的 自豪感，进一步认识到坚持道路自信、理论自信、制度自信和文化自信的重要性。Content：I . Illustrate to students the 5-step process to paragraph developmentStep 1. Decide on a controlling idea and create a topic sentenceFree writing, brainstorming -
38、 When a topic is assigned, the student should first read the topic carefully and try to think of as many as relevant facts as he can and write them down on a piece of paper (without caring about the form and order of the items).Then try to find a proper thesis or theme.Step 2. Explain the controllin
39、g ideaStep 3. Give an example (or multiple examples)Step 4. Explain the example(s)An explanation of each example and its relevance to the topic sentence: This explanation shows readers why you chose to use this/or these particular examples as evidence to support the major claim in your paragraph.Ste
40、p 5. Complete the paragraphs idea or transition into the next paragraphRemind the reader of the relevance of the information in this paragraph to the main idea of the paper. Transition your reader to the next development in the next paragraph.II Students work in pairs to diagnose the problem in the
41、sample paragraphType: Paragraph-level skillsClass Hour： 1Objectives and requirements： Be able to develop a clear and concise paragraph by following the five steps mentioned above.Reflections: Students can be given an assignment of writing a narrative or expositive paragraph.Lecture 14Title： Finding
42、a topic for an essay思政元素:本次训练将将写作训练和写作讲评结合。让学生互评堂上完成的段落写作, 就对方的选题、遣词造句及立意等进行点评。在提高作文水平的同时，进一步认识到 注重生活体验，强化问题意识，动关心国家大事，参加社会实践等的重要性，提高学 生就知识点进行思考、整合的主动性。Content：Students work in pairs to summarize ways of find a topic for an essay.L Find a topicBrainstorm the possibilities. Choose two or three ideas
43、that seem both manageable and interesting. At this point, its often helpful to talk with friends or classmates; they may see angles that havent occurred to you or point out problems that you wouldnt anticipate.1. Assess your interests and strengths. To find a topic, ask yourself: What three subjects
44、 do you enjoy reading about most? What three subjects do you know the most about? etc.2. Consider current issues in your communityBrowse in the library.3. Browse online.IL Refine the TopicDont try to cover everything.1. Highlight a single area of your topic. Think about refining your topic in the sa
45、me way that you think about focusing a flashlight. If you adjust the beam to its broadest range, you will throw diffused light over a large territory but you will not be able to see details.2. Make a tree diagram. To do this, make a chart on which you divide and subdivide the topic into smaller and
46、smaller parts, each of which you see many potential areas with each division and what the relationships among them are.3. Make an idea map. Another way to narrow a topic is to look within the subject for patterns that might represent ideas worth exploring.Type: Paragraph-level skillsClass Hour： 1Obj
47、ectives and requirements： Know how to prepare and plan to writeBe able to find a general topic and narrow it downReflections ： Ask students to work out a topic list and then choose one for the writing assignment.Lecture 15Title： Construct and develop a thesis思政元素：让学生回顾一学期的学习，写出自己在写作训练和思想品德培养方面的收 获。让
48、学生充分认识到,英语写作不仅要重视提升文学素养,还要努力提高思政素养。 把思政教育融入到作文学习当中时，学生的写作过程就必须对思政教育素材进行充分 认识和深入思考，理清逻辑关系框架，再组织语言表述出来。Content：Students present their findings on how to construct and develop a thesisL Construct a thesis1. Make a strong point. A thesis statement is more than just an observation; it is a statement that might be questioned or challenged.2. Be sure your point is worth making.3. Preview the direction your paper will take. Write a complete sentence that explains in some detail what you expect to write about.4. Place your thesis effectively.IL Explore and develop a thesisFree write about the topi