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1、英语重点词汇同位语从句和定语从句区分详解判断一个从句是不是同位语从句的主要依据：（假设法）假设that引导的为定语从句，看that在从句中是否担当成份, 如：he father broke his promise （that） he made last week. 定语从句that担当了 made的宾语，即made his promise,所 以本句为定语从句，否则如The father made a promise that he will buy his son a new car.同位语从句，that不担当从句的 成份，所以不是定语从句，为同位语从句。The father made a
2、promise that he will buy his son a new car.同位语从句The father broke his promise （that） he made last week. 定 语从句下面这些词组（名词性的）常常跟同位语从句的名词：（只是作为辅助方法判断同位语从句，不是主要依据。）Advice, belief, doubt, explanation, fact, fear, feeling, hope,例句:Do not leave your ring in the bathtub, especially wedding ring.不要把戒指遗忘在浴缸，尤其是结
3、婚戒指。听任I,T例句:We mustnt leave him to his own devices.我们不能听任他去自行其是。例句:Diana took the hint and left them to it.戴安娜会意，任由他们自己去解决。留下I,T例句：I leave that to you.这都留给你啦。例句：He always left a little food for the next day.他总是留下一点儿食物第二天吃。交托，委托口例句：The important thing is, you two, never, on any account, go off skylar
4、king, and leave him with the cattle.最重要的是，无论如何，你们俩切莫玩疯了把牛群交给他。例句：Leave him this key before you go.你走之前把这把钥匙交给他。一、相关短语：absence without leave擅离职守,开小差leave alone1.不打扰；不惊动2.不碰；不变动；不移动leave behind留下，忘记带;遗留;把丢在后面,超过千方百计,竭尽全力,不遗余力leave of absence假期，休假leave offV.停止，不再使用，不再穿leave office离职,辞职leave out忽略,遗漏,省略
5、,忘记,不使卷入on leave adv.休假sick leaven.病假，病假工资compassionate leaven.照顾性准假sabbatical leaven.公休假、参考例句:让我一个人呆着！Leave before I explode.快离开，不然我可发火了。We must leave early. 我们必须早点离开。Leave work at work. 只在办公时间处理工作。Want to leave early想早点儿离开?给别人留出行李空间。Dont leave any rubbish.不要留下任何垃圾。Leave it as it is.让它照现在的样子放在那儿。Le
6、ave whenever you re ready.你准备什么时候走就走。Leave that mad dog alone.别去惹那条疯狗。Idea, news, opinion, order, possibility, promise, problem, probabilityQuestion, reply, report, suggestion, thought, truth, wish, warning其实，同位语从句的内容即是先行词的内容的具体解释或说明, 中间几乎可以划等号。定语从句是对先行词的修饰、限定，不是 先行词的内容本身。这个才是它们之间本质上的区别。当两个指同一人或事物的句
7、子成分放在同等位置时，其中一个句 子成分可用来说明或解释另一个句子成分，此时前者（起说明或 解释作用的句子成分）就叫做后者（被说明或解释的句子成分） 的同位语。如：We have two children, a boy and a girl. 我们有两个孩子, 一个男孩和一个女孩。（句中的a boy and a girl为two children 的同位语）Laura Myers, a BBC reporter, asked for an interview. 劳 拉迈尔，BBC的记者，要求采访。（句中的a BBC reporter 为Laura Myers为同位语）如果起说明或解释作用的句子
8、成分为一个从句，那么这个从句就是同位语从句。如：The hope that he may recover is faint.他复原的希望是渺 茫的。（句中的that he may recover为hope的同位语）We heard the news that our team had won.我们听到消息说 我们队赢了。（句中的that our team had won为news的同位 语）在提出邀请时，根据邀请的可接受性，可分为直接邀请和间接邀 请。一般说来，若说话者（即提出邀请者）对听话者（被邀请者） 是否会接受此项邀请，没有多大把握，尤其是当双方关系不很密 切时，以采用间接邀请方式比较保
9、险，以免陷入尴尬的局面。所 谓间接邀请就是指提出的邀请比较委婉，若对方不接受，也有拒 绝的余地。如：Would you like some coffee?你要喝咖啡吗？We were wondering if you d like to come to dinner. 我们 不知能否请你来吃晚餐？How about coming to the movies tonight?今晚去看电影怎么 样？Why don, t you come and eat with us?为什么不来和我们一 起吃饭呢？ 当然若说话者觉得他所提出的邀请比较适合听话人的意愿，或认 为听话者可能会接受此项邀请，也可用比较直
10、接的方式提出邀请。如：Have a cup of tea.喝杯茶吧。Help yourself.随便吃吧。Come and see us next time you re in town. 下次进城，来 看我们。Try some of this cake.吃吃这块蛋糕。go bananas这个短语，可能让人觉得和“香蕉”有关，但 是正确翻译可不是哦go bananas发疯；发狂Your dad will go bananas if he finds out you were driving drunk.你老爸要是发现你喝酒驾车的话，他会气疯了。一、详细释义：n.准假；休假leave主要指政府机
11、关工作人员或军队等团队人员获准的休假、 假期。例句：Going on leave, he devolved his duties on his deputy.他休假前把职责移交给副手。例句：Nothing happened except that I lost my leave.我除了失掉休假以外，倒没有什么别的事。许可，同意例句：She has my leave to see him.她得到我的许可去看他。例句：Have you got leave to come here this afternoon?你得到许可今天下午来这里吗？Sb have got (sb s) leave to某人得
12、到谁的许可做某事另I例句：She took leave of her mother, and caught the train toBeijing.她告别了她母亲，搭上了去北京的列车。例句：Presently he took leave of Philip.不久，他和菲利普告别了。V.离开，离去；出发I,T例句：He had the insolence to tell me to leave the room.他竟然无礼地叫我离开房间。例句：It was a wrench to leave the old home.离开这个老家非常痛苦。遗弃，舍弃I,T例句：He 11 never leave
13、 you. You need have no worry.他不会舍弃你的，你不用担心。例句：I would be insanely jealous if Bill left me for another woman.要是比尔为了别的女人舍弃我，我会醋意大发。脱离，退出；辞去例句：He leave his office job to try to make a living on the land.他辞去了办公室的工作，改以务农为生。例句：He leave his job and buy a farm.他辞去了工作并买了一个农场。遗忘，忘了带例句：The conductor remained the passengers not to leave their luggage behind when they got off the train.列车员提醒旅客们下火车时别把自己的行李遗忘在车上。