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1、高三英语试卷第 1 页(共 10 页)大兴区 20222023 学年度第一学期期末检测试卷高三英语2022.12考生须知1.本试卷共 10 页,满分 100 分。考试时间 90 分钟。2.在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校名称、班级、姓名和准考证号。3.试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上,在试卷上作答无效。4.在答题卡上,选择题用 2B 铅笔作答,其他题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。第一部分 知识运用(共两节,30 分)第一节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分,共 15 分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。On a Saturday
2、afternoon,you find most kids outside playing games.Kids aremade for the 1,with their endless energy and the easy way in which theymake friends.Its not 2 for Kameron,an ordinary,fun-loving 7-year-old girlwho loves to draw out the worlds longest hopscotch(跳格子)on the sidewalk.Butin between 3,Kameron ta
3、kes time to do something special for her 4neighbors whose children have long since left home.Kameron first started waving to them.Most of them smiled back.ThenKameron decided that some of them needed a little 5.So she ran home,tookher violin and made the rounds.“Can I play you a song?”she asked,afte
4、rknocking on the door.Gustav smiled wide.His wife Vivian,who has had muscular dystrophy(肌肉萎缩)for over 20 years,stood 6,and had difficulty moving about.It lookedterribly uncomfortable.Theyve 7 their daily walks with afternoon drives,buteven those are getting too difficult for Vivian.Gustav let Kamero
5、n in,and Vivian 8 both arms of her chair and pulledto it.On the table beside her was a photo of her with Gustav when they were youngand energetic.“Want me to play your favorite song?”Kameron asked.“Ofcourse,”Gustav answered.It was the only song Kameron knew.The small violin 9 seriously under Kameron
6、s chin(下巴).She played asbest as she could.Vivian beat her leg to keep rhythm for Kameron.Gustav heldVivians other hand.It was not the performance that was moving,but the 10 itbrought.高三英语试卷第 2 页(共 10 页)1.A.lessonsB.outdoorsC.classroomsD.experiences2.A.easyB.normalC.differentD.necessary3.A.gamesB.exa
7、msC.destinationsD.conversations4.A.youngB.proudC.elderlyD.lovely5.A.pressureB.emotionC.ambitionD.pleasure6.A.honestlyB.awkwardlyC.gratefullyD.determinedly7.A.replacedB.linkedC.repliedD.combined8.A.took care ofB.took charge ofC.took out ofD.took hold of9.A.rockedB.restedC.jumpedD.wandered10.A.stylesB
8、.profitsC.memoriesD.adventures第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分,共 15 分)阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空,在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。ATwo decades 11(pass)since newspapers launched websites,and yethere we are.Big papers have gone under,thousands of journalists have lost 12(they)jobs,and the idea th
9、at digital news will eventually become a decentbusiness 13(feel)like a rumor(谣言).The reality is this:no social networkhas come close to matching the success of print readership.BWhile Lobby Boy takes its name from a character in the film,the band doesntwant to be known as anything reductive.But one
10、of the films ideas that everyone inyour life has the incredible power to tell their own story is 14(amaze).“Inmy personal life,I try to remember that even if Im struggling or having a conflict 15 someone,no matter what the interaction is,no matter how small or large itis,this is a story 16 is unfold
11、ing in front of me,”he says.CAfter 15 years of working to raise climate urgency,Ive concluded 17 thepublic and world leaders underestimate how rapid,serious climate and ecologicalbreakdown will be if humanity fails 18(organize).There may only be fiveyears 19(leave)before humanity expends the remaini
12、ng“carbon budget”tostay under 1.5 of 20(globe)heating.And there may only be five yearsbefore the Amazon rainforest and a large Antarctic ice sheet pass irreversiblepoints.高三英语试卷第 3 页(共 10 页)第二部分 阅读理解(共两节,38 分)第一节(共 14 小题;每小题 2 分,共 28 分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIts exciting whe
13、n your bookworm teen announces his or her plans to be awriter.Rather than bombard them with fancy pens and motivational reading,directthem to a comfort zone:the Internet.These sites are great resources and landingspots for future storytellers.FigmentSpecially tailored for the teen reader/writer,Figm
14、ent is a communitydedicated to reading and writing stories online.Addictively fun,users can ratestories by whether they made them laugh,blush,cry,or just say“wow.”The sitefrequently runs contests and features work from well-known authors and editors whosometimes drop in for Figment chats with the si
15、tes community.WattpadIt is the largest online reading platform,and allows authors to share their workwith the world.Well-known writers such as Margaret Atwood and Cory Doctoroweven post their work here.Teens can find and follow their favorite authors andrelease their own works as serial novels.Teen
16、InkSupported by the nonprofit Young Authors Foundation,Teen Ink is thetwenty-five-year veteran in the fostering-teen-writers game.The magazine,bookseries,and website are devoted entirely to writing,art,and photos by teens.Itsalso a go-to for teens interested in writing and publishing nonfiction essa
17、ys andarticles as well as poetry.One Teen StoryDirect kids here to introduce them to the nonprofits monthly magazine.Eachissue features one short story about the teen experience,usually from a known youngadult author.Teens drawn to the short story form can also submit their work forconsideration in
18、an annual issue that features a story written by a teen for teens.NaNoWriMoNaNoWriMo is an awesome thirty-day adventure for any writer,but teensmight be especially inclined to join.In November,would-be novelists over theworld attempt to write a 50,000-word(or more)book in thirty days.高三英语试卷第 4 页(共 1
19、0 页)21.The passage is intended for.A.teachersB.teensC.parentsD.writers22.Which sites may provide the chance to interact with recognized writers?A.Figment and Wattpad.B.Figment and Teen Ink.C.Teen Ink and NaNoWriMo.D.Wattpad and One Teen Story.23.What can be learned from the passage?A.One Teen Story
20、is a nonprofits annual magazine.B.Figment regularly features young adult writers works.C.NaNoWriMo offers teens a thirty-day adventure around the world.D.Teen Ink is the first choice of teens who are keen on writing poems.BMany parents dream of their children growing up and seeing the world.ButEdith
21、 Lemay,a mother of four from Canada,worried her children were running outof time to do that.When her first child,Mia,was little,she noticed she would bump intothings.In 2018,Mia was diagnosed with retinitis pigmentosa(色素性视网膜炎).“What it does is that the cell in the retina dies over time and they lose
22、 their field of vision.Theres a chance they will go completely blind by midlife,”said Lemay.The disease is genetic,meaning Lemays other kids were at risk.She soonnoticed two of her sons,Collin and Laurent,had the same symptoms.They weresoon diagnosed,too.“Of course it was devastating(令人极为震惊的).And wh
23、en you have a kid,you always have an image of what their future is going to be like and all of a sudden,you get that news and you need to erase that and think it over.And itreally is a grieving process,”Lemay said.Lemay wanted to prepare her kids for what was to come and thought aboutfilling their v
24、isual memory.In March,Lemay,her husband,and her four kids leftCanada and embarked on an epic journey,traveling the globe for a whole yearshowing their kids the world,before it is too late.During their trip,Lemay is homeschooling her kids.The family also made abucket list of fun activities they want
25、to accomplish,so each kid can see theirdreams come true.Lemay said her kids are not only making visual memories.Theyre alsolearning important life lessons,like focusing on the positive.“Sometimes theyretired and theres frustration.Its difficult.But with the travel,I want them to beresilient.”高三英语试卷第
26、 5 页(共 10 页)“I want them to know that any situation thats hard is temporary,becausethrough their life,theyll need lots of resilience,”she said.“Theyre going toadapt to a situation with their eyesight and then in a few years later,theyll lose achunk of their eyesights and they will have to readapt an
27、d adapt again and fall andget back again,”Lemay continued.Many parents want to give their kids the world and this mom did.24.What risk may the children face in the future?A.They will bump into things.B.They will be unable to grow up.C.They may get genetic disorders.D.They may totally lose their sigh
28、t.25.What can we learn from the passage?A.Lemay tried to erase the devastating news.B.The travel was not easy but helped the kids stay positive.C.The parents filled their kids visual memory through books.D.The children dropped out of school and were educated at home.26.Which can best describe Lemay?
29、A.Affectionate and tough.B.Considerate and committed.C.Patient and generous.D.Sympathetic and sensitive.CWe all know that eating later in the day isnt good for our waistlines,butwhy?A new study weighed in on that question by comparing people who ate thesame foodsbut at different times in the day.“We
30、 found that eating four hours later makes a significant difference for ourhunger levels,the way we burn calories after we eat,and the way we store fat,”Vujovi said,a researcher at Bostons Brigham and Womens Hospital.“Together,these changes may explain why late eating is associated with increased obe
31、sity risk reported by other studies and provide new biological insight into the underlyingmechanisms.”The study provides support for the concept that circadian(生理节奏)rhythm,which influences key physiologic functions such as body temperature and heart rate,affects how our bodies absorb fuel,researcher
32、s said.The study does show eating later results in“an increase in hunger,impactshormones(荷尔蒙)and also changes gene expression,especially in terms of fatmetabolism with a tendency towards less fat breakdown and more fat deposition,”said Dr.Bhanu Prakash Kolla,a professor of psychiatry and psychology
33、at theMayo Clinic College of Medicine and a consultant to Mayos Center for SleepMedicine and Division of Addiction Medicine.高三英语试卷第 6 页(共 10 页)The study was smallonly 16 overweight or obese peoplebut carefullyplanned to eliminate other potential causes of weight gain,the authors said.“While there ha
34、ve been other studies investigating why late eating associates withan increased risk for obesity,this may be the most well controlled,includingstrictly controlling the amount,composition and timing of meals,physical activity,sleep,room temperature and light exposure,”said senior author Frank Scheer,
35、director of the Medical Chronobiology Program in the Brighams Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders.All participants were in good health,with no history ofdiabetes or shift work,which can affect circadian rhythm,and had regularphysical activity.Each person in the study kept to a strict healthy s
36、leep/wakeschedule for about three weeks and were provided with prepared meals at fixedtimes for three days before the lab experiment began.Results showed that hunger pangs doubled for those on a night-eatingregime.People who ate later in the day also reported a desire for starchy and saltyfoods,meat
37、 and,to a lesser extent,a desire for dairy foods and vegetables.Bylooking at the results of blood tests,researchers were able to see why:Levels ofleptin,a hormone which tells us when we feel full,were decreased for late eatersversus early eaters.In comparison,levels of the hormone ghrelin,which spik
38、es ourappetite,rose.27.According to the passage,the following may contribute to the obesity except.A.the breakdown of less fatB.the changes in gene expressionC.the increase in the levels of leptinD.the disturbance of the circadian rhythm28.In Paragraph 4,the writer intends to.A.highlight the results
39、 of the studyB.illustrate the process of the studyC.present the purpose of the studyD.demonstrate the reliability of the study29.What does the underlined word“spike”in Paragraph 5 most probably mean?A.Stimulate.B.Reduce.C.Maintain.D.Control.30.What can we learn from the passage?A.Eating late account
40、s for obesity.B.Obesity can be well controlled by eating late.C.When you eat is irrelevant to how fat you are.D.Eating late may impact the expression function.高三英语试卷第 7 页(共 10 页)DAutomation(自动化)was a hot topic.Nearly everyone agreed that peoplewould be working less once computers and other kinds of
41、automatic machinerybecame widespread.For optimists,this was a promise of liberation:At lasthumanity would be freed from constant toil,and we could all devote our days tomore refined pursuits.But others saw a threat:Millions of people would be thrownout of work,and desperate masses would roam the str
42、eets.Looking back from 50years hence,the controversy over automation seems a quaint and curiousepisode.The dispute was never resolved.A.J.Hayes,a leader(and no relation to me),wrote in 1964:Automation is notjust a new kind of mechanization but a revolutionary force capable of overturning oursocial o
43、rder.Whereas mechanization made workers more efficientand thus morevaluableautomation threatens to make them superfluous(过剩的)and thuswithout value.The opinions I have cited here represent extreme positions,and therewere also many milder views.But I think its fair to say that most early students ofau
44、tomation,including both critics and enthusiasts,believed the new technologywould lead us into a world where people worked much less.As for economic consequences,worries about unemployment have certainlynot gone awaynot with job losses in the current recession approaching 2 millionworkers in our coun
45、try alone.But recent job losses are commonly attributed tocauses other than automation,such as competition from overseas or a roller-coasterfinancial system.In any case,the vision of a world where machines do all the workand people stand idly by has simply not come to pass.The spread of automation o
46、utside of the factory has altered its social andeconomic impact in some curious ways.In many cases,the net effect of automationis not that machines are doing work that people used to do.Instead weve dispensedwith the people who used to be paid to run the machines,and weve learned to runthem ourselve
47、s.These trends contradict almost all the expectations of early writerson automation,both optimists and pessimists.So far,automation has neitherliberated us from the need to work nor deprived(剥夺)us of the opportunity towork.Instead,were working more than ever.What about trades closer to my own vital
48、interests?Will science beautomated?Technology already has a central role in many areas of research;forexample,genome sequences could not be read by traditional lab-benchmethods.Replacing the scientist will presumably be a little harder than replacingthe lab technician,but when a machine exhibits eno
49、ugh curiosity and tenacity,I高三英语试卷第 8 页(共 10 页)think well just have to welcome it as a companion in zealous research.And if the scientist is elbowed aside by an automaton,then surely the science writer cant hold out either.Im ready for my 15-hour workweek.31.In Paragraph1,the writer mainly wants to
50、convey that.A.automation results in unemploymentB.automation does more harm than goodC.the issue of automation was still in discussionD.automation brings in much convenience in life32.According to A.J.Hayes,we can infer.A.automation is more valuable than what we imagineB.automation is a revolutionar