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1、Java设计模式之Flyweight模式 GOF:运用共享技术有效地支持大量细粒度的对象。解释一下概念:也就是说在一个系统中如果有多个相同的对象,那么只共享一份就可以了,不必每个都去实例化一个对象。比如说(这里引用GOF书中的例子)一个文本系统,每个字母定一个对象,那么大小写字母一共就是52个,那么就要定义 52个对象。如果有一个1M的文本,那么字母是何其的多,如果每个字母都定义一个对象那么内存早就爆了。那么如果要是每个字母都共享一个对象,那么就大大节约了资源。在Flyweight模式中,由于要产生各种各样的对象,所以在Flyweight(享元)模式中常出现Factory 模式。Flyweig
2、ht的内部状态是用来共享的,Flyweight factory负责维护一个对象存储池(Flyweight Pool)来存放内部状态的对象。Flyweight模式是一个提高程序效率和性能的模式,会大大加快程序的运行速度.应用场合很多,下面举个例子:先定义一个抽象的Flyweight类:package Flyweight;public abstract class Flyweight.public abstract void operation();/end abstract class Flyweight 在实现一个具体类:package Flyweight;public class Concr
3、eteFlyweight extends Flyweight.private String string;public ConcreteFlyweight(String str).string=str;/end ConcreteFlyweight(.)public void operation().System.out.println(Concrete-Flyweight:+string);/end operation()/end class ConcreteFlyweight 实现一个工厂方法类:package Flyweight;import java.util.Hashtable;pub
4、lic class FlyweightFactory.private Hashtable flyweights=new Hashtable();/-1public FlyweightFactory().public Flyweight getFlyWeight(Object obj).Flyweight flyweight=(Flyweight)flyweights.get(obj);/-2if(flyweight=null)./-3/产生新的ConcreteFlyweightflyweight=new ConcreteFlyweight(String)obj);flyweights.put(
5、obj,flyweight);/-5return flyweight;/-6/end GetFlyWeight(.)public int getFlyweightSize().return flyweights.size();/end class FlyweightFactory这个工厂方法类非常关键,这里详细解释一下:在1处定义了一个Hashtable用来存储各个对象;在2处选出要实例化的对象,在6处将该对象返回,如果在Hashtable中没有要选择的对象,此时变量flyweight为null,产生一个新的flyweight存储在Hashtable中,并将该对象返回。最后看看Flyweigh
6、t的调用:package Flyweight;import java.util.Hashtable;public class FlyweightPattern.FlyweightFactory factory=new FlyweightFactory();Flyweight fly1;Flyweight fly2;Flyweight fly3;Flyweight fly4;Flyweight fly5;Flyweight fly6;/*/*Creates a new instance of FlyweightPattern*/public FlyweightPattern().fly1=fac
7、tory.getFlyWeight(Google);fly2=factory.getFlyWeight(Qutr);fly3=factory.getFlyWeight(Google);fly4=factory.getFlyWeight(Google);fly5=factory.getFlyWeight(Google);fly6=factory.getFlyWeight(Google);/end FlyweightPattern()public void showFlyweight().fly1.operation();fly2.operation();fly3.operation();fly4
8、.operation();fly5.operation();fly6.operation();int objSize=factory.getFlyweightSize();System.out.println(objSize=+objSize);/end showFlyweight()public static void main(String args).System.out.println(The FlyWeight Pattern!);FlyweightPattern fp=new FlyweightPattern();fp.showFlyweight();/end main(.)/en
9、d class FlyweightPattern下面是运行结果:Concrete-Flyweight:GoogleConcrete-Flyweight:QutrConcrete-Flyweight:GoogleConcrete-Flyweight:GoogleConcrete-Flyweight:GoogleConcrete-Flyweight:GoogleobjSize=2 我们定义了6个对象,其中有5个是相同的,按照Flyweight模式的定义“Google”应该共享一个对象,在实际的对象数中我们可以看出实际的对象却是只有2个。下面给出一个简易的UML图:总结:Flyweight(享元)模式是如此的重要,因为它能帮你在一个复杂的系统中大量的节省内存空间。在GOF的书中举了文本处理的例子,我觉得非常恰当。那么,在Java中String这个类型比较特殊,为什么呢,看下面的例子:String a=hello;String b=hello;if(a=b)System.out.println(OK);elseSystem.out.println(Error);更多资料 java培训 http:/