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1、 二、分类6NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China Electronic Instrument Systems Electronic Instrument Systems 电子仪表系统电子仪表系统电子仪表系统电子仪表系统Electronic Instrument SystemsElectronic Instrument Systems (EIS)(EIS)7NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China Electronic Instrument SystemsElectro
2、nic Instrument Systems (EIS)(EIS)TheprincipalelectronicdisplaysystemsinusearetheElectronicFlightInstrumentSystem(EFIS)forthepresentationandcontrolofnavigationalinformationand,forpresentationofenginesandsystemsinformation,eithertheEngineIndicatingandCrewAlertingSystem(EICAS)orElectronicCentralizedAir
3、craftMonitoring(ECAM).EICASisgenerallyusedinaircraftofAmericanmanufactureandECAMinAirbusIndustriesaircraft.8NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China Electronic Instrument SystemsElectronic Instrument Systems (EIS)(EIS)9NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China Electronic Instrum
4、ent SystemsElectronic Instrument Systems (EIS)(EIS)10NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China Electronic Flight Instrument SystemsElectronic Flight Instrument Systems (EFIS)(EFIS)TheEFIScomprisestwoidenticalsystemssupplyingthecaptainandfirstofficerwithnavigationalinformationontwodisplaysc
5、reens.ElectronicAttitudeandDirectionIndicator(EADI)ElectronicHorizontalSituationIndicator(EHSI)Eachpilotsdisplayhasitsowncontrolpanel,andasymbolgenerator.Thirdsymbolgeneratoractasastandbyunitandmaysupplyeitherofthepilotsdisplaysincaseoffailure.Eachsymbolgeneratorreceivesinputsfromallnavigationalsour
6、ces,both internal and external,and interfaces between these inputs and thedisplayscreenstopresenttheinformationinastandardformat.Inaddition,thesymbolgeneratorsperformthemonitoringandcontrolfunctionsoftheEFIS.11NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China Electronic Flight Instrument SystemsEl
7、ectronic Flight Instrument Systems (EFIS)(EFIS)Figure 2.1 12NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China Figure 2.2 EFIS Control Panel Electronic Flight Instrument SystemsElectronic Flight Instrument Systems (EFIS)(EFIS)13NBAA 2003EFIS Control Panel 14NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight Universit
8、y of China EFIS Control Panel 15NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China The Electronic Attitude and Direction Indicator(EADI)The Electronic Attitude and Direction Indicator(EADI)Figure 2.3 TheEADIscreendisplaysaircraftattitudeinpitchandroll.Thedisplayalso includes flight director command
9、 bars,ILS glideslope and localizerdeviationindications,anddeviationindicationfromaselectedairspeed.16NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China The Electronic Attitude and Direction Indicator(EADI)The Electronic Attitude and Direction Indicator(EADI)Figure 2.3 17NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Fli
10、ght University of China The Electronic Attitude and Direction Indicator(EADI)The Electronic Attitude and Direction Indicator(EADI)Radioaltitude,decisionheightandoperatingmodesoftheautomaticflightandautothrottlesystemsarealsodisplayedontheEADIscreen.18NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of Chi
11、na The Electronic Attitude and Direction Indicator(EADI)The Electronic Attitude and Direction Indicator(EADI)Thedecisionheight(DH)canbesetbyacontrolknobontheEFIScontrolpanel.TheselectedDHisdigitallydisplayedontheEADIscreen.19NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China The Electronic Attitude
12、 and Direction Indicator(EADI)The Electronic Attitude and Direction Indicator(EADI)20NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China The Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator(EHSI)The Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator(EHSI)TheEHSIpresentsadisplayofflightnavigationalinformationandprog
13、ressinoneofninepossiblemodes,selectedfromtheHSIsectionoftheEFIScontrolpanel.21NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China The Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator(EHSI)The Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator(EHSI)Themodesavailableareasfollows:MAP.Thedisplayusedforen-routenavigatio
14、nalinformationandtheonemostcommonlyselectedincruiseflight.Thedisplayshowsfeaturesaheadoftheaircraft,withtheaircraftsymbolappearingattheCTR MAP.EssentiallythesameasMAP,butthedisplayiscenteredupontheaircraftcurrentposition,withanaircraftsymbolinthecenterofthedisplay.bottomofthedisplay.22NBAA 2003 Civi
15、l Aviation Flight University of China The Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator(EHSI)The Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator(EHSI)Figure 2.4 Map Mode Display23NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China The Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator(EHSI)The Electronic Horizontal Si
16、tuation Indicator(EHSI)PLAN.Thisdisplayshowstheplannedroutewithwaypointsandisprincipallyusedwhenenteringwaypointsintotheflightmanagementsystem(FMS)computerbeforeflightorwhenmakingchangestotheplannedroute.FULLVOR/ILS.Thesedisplaysarebasicallyidenticalandshowacompass rose with heading and deviation in
17、dications that followconventional formats.They are used when checking aircraft trackagainstaVORbearingorILSlocaliser.24NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China The Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator(EHSI)The Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator(EHSI)Figure 2.5 PLAN Mode Displa
18、y25NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China The Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator(EHSI)The Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator(EHSI)Figure 2.6 Full ILS Mode Displays26NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China The Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator(EHSI)The E
19、lectronic Horizontal Situation Indicator(EHSI)EXP VOR/ILS.Intheexpandedmodetheinformationdisplayedisthesameasinthefullmode,butisinsemi-mapformat.Onlytherelevantsegmentofthecompassroseisdisplayedatthetopofthescreen,withaheadingpointer.Ineithercasetheweatherradarpicturecanbesuperimposeduponthedisplay,
20、ifrequired.27NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China The Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator(EHSI)The Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator(EHSI)Figure 2.7 EXP ILS Mode Displays28NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China The Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator(E
21、HSI)The Electronic Horizontal Situation Indicator(EHSI)EXP NAV/FULL NAV.ThesetwomodesdisplaylateralandverticalnavigationalinformationinmuchthesameformatasaconventionalHSI.ExpandedNAVmodeshowsacompassarc,whereasfullNAVmodedisplaysafullcompassroseanddoesnotpermittheweatherradardisplaytobesuperimposed,
22、exactlyaswiththeexpandedandfullVOR/ILSmodes.29NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System(EICAS)Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System(EICAS)TheEICASsystemisanelectronicdisplayconsistingoftwoCRTscreens,andusuallypositionedcentrallyonthecockpitco
23、nsole.ThedisplaysarecapableofpresentingalltheengineandsystemoperatingTheupperofthetwoscreens,knownastheprimarydisplay,normallyshowsonlyessential(i.e.primary)engineinformationsuchasenginepressureratio(EPR),turbinespoolspeed(N1)andexhaustThelowerofthetwoscreens,knownasthesecondarydisplay,maybeusedtodi
24、splaylessimportant(secondary)informationanddetailsofabnormalengineorsystemoperatingconditions.data.gastemperature(EGT).30NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System(EICAS)Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System(EICAS)Figure 2.8TheEICASdisplaysare
25、generatedbytwocomputers.Atanygiventimeonlyonecomputerisoperatingthesystem,whilsttheotherfunctionsasastandby.31NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System(EICAS)Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System(EICAS)Figure 2.9 OperationalModeThisisthemodei
26、nwhichthesystemisusedthroughoutflight.Theupperscreendisplaystheprimaryengineinformationandthelowerscreenremainsblanksolongasallengineandsystemoperatingparametersarenormal.32NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System(EICAS)Engine Indicating and Crew
27、 Alerting System(EICAS)Figure 2.10 Whenanabnormalengineorsystemoperatingconditiondevelops,anappropriatewarningorcautionarymessagewillappearontheleftsideoftheupperscreentogetherwitharowofpointersdirectingattentiontothelowerscreen,whereananalogueanddigitaldisplaydetailsthenatureofthefailureorcriticalc
28、ondition.33NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System(EICAS)Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System(EICAS)Figure 2.11StatusModeThismodeisprimarilyforuseduringpreparationoftheaircraftforflightandshowsthestatusofaircraftsystemsandtheirreadinessfor
29、flight.ThedisplayappearsonthelowerscreenoftheEICASandshowsflyingcontrolsurfacepositionsinanalogueformat,with systemstatusinformationindigitalmessageformat.34NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System(EICAS)Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System
30、(EICAS)Maintenance ModeThismodeisavailabletomaintenanceengineersfordiagnosisofoperatingfaults.Itcontainsrecordsofengineandsystemoperatingconditionsandisonlyavailablewiththeaircraftontheground.Aseparatecontrolpanelisprovidedforthedisplayofmaintenancedata.35NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University o
31、f China Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System(EICAS)Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System(EICAS)Display Select Panel Figure 2.12 DisplaySelectPanel isusedtoselectthetypeofEICASdisplayrequiredandisusuallysituatedonthecenterconsoleadjacenttothedisplayscreens.36NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight
32、 University of China Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System(EICAS)Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System(EICAS)DisplayPushButtonsWhentheenginedisplaypushbuttonisdepressedsecondaryinformationappearsonthelowerscreen.Depressionofthestatuspushbuttonselectsthestatusmodereferredtoabove.37NBAA 2003
33、 Civil Aviation Flight University of China Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System(EICAS)Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System(EICAS)EventRecordPushButtonEngineorsystemmalfunctionsinflightarerecordedautomaticallyandstoredintheEICAScomputermemory.Shouldtheflightcrewhavereasontosuspectthatatra
34、nsientfaulthasoccurred,depressionoftheeventrecordpushbuttonwillhighlightrelevantdatainthecomputerstoredrecordsforsubsequentinvestigationbymaintenancepersonnel.38NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System(EICAS)Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting Sy
35、stem(EICAS)Computer Rotary SwitchThisisusedtoselectthein-usecomputerofthesystem.IntheAUTOpositionthe left computer will normallybe in use;switching to the rightcomputer will occur automatically in the event of failure.The LEFT orRIGHTpositionsareusedformanualselectionofthein-usecomputer.39NBAA 2003
36、Civil Aviation Flight University of China Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System(EICAS)Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System(EICAS)Brightness ControlThisisadualrotaryswitch.Theinnerknobcontrolsdisplayintensityandtheouterknobcontrolsthebrightnessbalancebetweenthetwodisplays.40NBAA 2003 Civil
37、 Aviation Flight University of China Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System(EICAS)Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System(EICAS)Thrust Reference SettingThisisalsoadualrotaryswitch.TheouterknobisusedtoselectanengineandtheinnerknobispulledandrotatedtopositionacursorontheEPRorN1circularscale.41N
38、BAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System(EICAS)Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System(EICAS)Maximum Indicator ResetIfameasuredparameter,suchasengineoiltemperature,exceedsapresetlimitanalertwillappearontheEICASdisplay.Themaximumindicatorresetpu
39、shbuttonisdepressedtoclearthealertwhentheexcessconditionhasbeenrectified.42NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System(EICAS)Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System(EICAS)Figure 2.13 SystemFailuresIfthelowerdisplayscreenshouldfailwhilstsecondaryi
40、nformationisbeingdisplayed,theinformationistransferredtothelowerhalfoftheupperscreeninabbreviated,digitalformat.Thisisknownasacompactdisplay.43NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System(EICAS)Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System(EICAS)SystemF
41、ailuresShouldbothdisplayscreensfail,astandbyengineindicatordisplaysessentialengineperformancedatainaliquidcrystaldiode(LCD)display.Figure 2.14 44NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System(EICAS)Engine Indicating and Crew Alerting System(EICAS)Syste
42、mFailuresFailureofthedisplayselectpanelisindicatedontheupperEICASscreen,whichcontinuestodisplayprimaryengineinformation.Secondaryinformationstillautomaticallyappearsonthelowerscreen,b u t t h e p a n e l c o n t r o l s w i t c h e s a r e i n o p e r a t i v e.45NBAA 2003Electronic Centralized Airc
43、raft Monitoring(ECAM)Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitoring(ECAM)Civil Aviation Flight University of China Figure 2.15 TheECAMdisplayscreensaremountedside-by-sideandbothareinuseTheleftscreendisplaysinformationcoveringsystemsstatus,warningsandcorrectiveactionsrequiredinchecklistformat.Ther i g h
44、t s c r e e n s h o w s associatedinformationincontinuously.analoguedisplays.46NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China Control PanelFigure 2.16 Theleftandrightdisplaycontrolknobsareforswitchingonthedisplaysandadjustingthedisplaybrightness.Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitoring(ECAM)E
45、lectronic Centralized Aircraft Monitoring(ECAM)47NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China SGUSelectInnormaloperationofthesystembothsymbolgeneratorunits(SGUs)arefunctional.IntheeventofafaultbeingdetectedbyanSGUself-testcircuitry,afault caption is illuminated on the appropriate switch.Relea
46、sing the switchiso1atestheaffectedSGUandextinguishesthefaultcaption,illuminatingtheOFFcaptioninitsplace.Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitoring(ECAM)Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitoring(ECAM)48NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China Clear(CLR)Thisisaclearswitch,whichwillillumina
47、tewheneverawarningorstatusmessageappearsontheleftscreen.Depressingtheswitchclearsthemessage.Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitoring(ECAM)Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitoring(ECAM)49NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China Status(STS)Depressing this switch allows manual selection
48、of aircraft system statusdisplays,providedthatthereisnowarningmessagedisplayed.Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitoring(ECAM)Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitoring(ECAM)50NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China Recall(RCL)Ifawarningmessageisclearedwhilstitsassociatedfailureconditio
49、nisstillexistent,itmayberecalledbydepressingtheRCLpushbutton.Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitoring(ECAM)Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitoring(ECAM)51NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China SynopticDisplaysSynopticdiagramsofeachofthe12aircraftsystemsarecalledupontherightscreen,p
50、rovidedthatthereisnowarningmessagedisplayed,bydepressingtheappropriatesynopticdisplayswitch.Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitoring(ECAM)Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitoring(ECAM)52NBAA 2003 Civil Aviation Flight University of China OperatingModesThe system has four operating modes,known as