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1、九年级英语下专题复习九年级英语下专题复习26阅读理解（二）阅读理解（二）阅读目标要求：能理解段落中个句子之间的逻辑关系能理解段落中个句子之间的逻辑关系能读懂相应水平的常见体裁的读物能读懂相应水平的常见体裁的读物能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息取信息 考查要求：考查要求：1.1.能获取文章的具体信息。能获取文章的具体信息。2.2.能理解归纳文章的主旨要义。能理解归纳文章的主旨要义。题型介绍题型介绍 根据短文内容回答问题是阅读理解的一道重要题根据短文内容回答问题是阅读理解的一道重要题根据短文内容回答问题是阅读理解的一道重要题根据短文内容回答问题
2、是阅读理解的一道重要题型。此题为型。此题为型。此题为型。此题为5 5 5 5个问题，问题设计一般比较简单，多数个问题，问题设计一般比较简单，多数个问题，问题设计一般比较简单，多数个问题，问题设计一般比较简单，多数考题针对文章中的事实细节，答案都能在原文中找到考题针对文章中的事实细节，答案都能在原文中找到考题针对文章中的事实细节，答案都能在原文中找到考题针对文章中的事实细节，答案都能在原文中找到出处。最后一个问题通常为开放性题目，往往需要概出处。最后一个问题通常为开放性题目，往往需要概出处。最后一个问题通常为开放性题目，往往需要概出处。最后一个问题通常为开放性题目，往往需要概括文章主旨要义。括文
3、章主旨要义。括文章主旨要义。括文章主旨要义。提问类型提问类型1.由一般疑问句引出的判断题由一般疑问句引出的判断题（Yes或或No回答）回答）2.由选择疑问句（由选择疑问句（A or B）来提问文章的细节。）来提问文章的细节。（选择选择A或者或者B来回答来回答）3.由特殊疑问词由特殊疑问词Who(人物人物)、Where(地点地点)、When(时间时间)、What(事件事件)、Why(原因原因)、How(方式方式)引导的特殊疑问句来提问文章引导的特殊疑问句来提问文章 的细节。（的细节。（根据文章细节回答根据文章细节回答）4.用一句话概括文章大意，提问形式如下：用一句话概括文章大意，提问形式如下：W
4、hats the main idea of the passage?What are the purposes of celebrating the Earth Day?What are the main points about.in this passage?（概括文章大意概括文章大意）解题技巧解题技巧解题时，要了解对不同问题的回答方式。解题时，要了解对不同问题的回答方式。解题时，要了解对不同问题的回答方式。解题时，要了解对不同问题的回答方式。1.1.1.1.一般疑问句要用一般疑问句要用一般疑问句要用一般疑问句要用YesYesYesYes或或或或NoNoNoNo回答，相对简单些，回答，相对
5、简单些，回答，相对简单些，回答，相对简单些，只要理解文章含义，能判断出是或不是就可以只要理解文章含义，能判断出是或不是就可以只要理解文章含义，能判断出是或不是就可以只要理解文章含义，能判断出是或不是就可以了。了。了。了。2.2.2.2.选择疑问句回答时不用选择疑问句回答时不用选择疑问句回答时不用选择疑问句回答时不用YesYesYesYes或或或或NoNoNoNo，需选择其，需选择其，需选择其，需选择其中正确的一部分来做答。中正确的一部分来做答。中正确的一部分来做答。中正确的一部分来做答。Was the area rich or poor in the 1950s?It was poor.真题链
6、接真题链接真题链接真题链接Is playing in water a good choice or a bad one?A good choice.模拟链接模拟链接模拟链接模拟链接解题技巧解题技巧3.3.3.3.回答特殊疑问句时较为复杂，要注意问题与回答特殊疑问句时较为复杂，要注意问题与回答特殊疑问句时较为复杂，要注意问题与回答特殊疑问句时较为复杂，要注意问题与回答在形式上的对应。回答在形式上的对应。回答在形式上的对应。回答在形式上的对应。(1)(1)(1)(1)问目的问目的问目的问目的，就应当用，就应当用，就应当用，就应当用 for for for for 短语短语短语短语，不定式短语，不定
7、式短语，不定式短语，不定式短语等来回答；等来回答；等来回答；等来回答；(2)(2)(2)(2)问原因问原因问原因问原因，就应当用，就应当用，就应当用，就应当用 because of because of because of because of 短语短语短语短语 或或或或becausebecausebecausebecause 从句来回答从句来回答从句来回答从句来回答；(3)(3)(3)(3)问问问问方式，就应当用方式，就应当用方式，就应当用方式，就应当用 By doingBy doingBy doingBy doing来回答；来回答；来回答；来回答；(4)(4)(4)(4)问时间、地点时，
8、问时间、地点时，问时间、地点时，问时间、地点时，答语中不要忘记介词答语中不要忘记介词答语中不要忘记介词答语中不要忘记介词。(5)(5)(5)(5)提问词是提问词是提问词是提问词是 what what what what 只能用完整句子、名词或名只能用完整句子、名词或名只能用完整句子、名词或名只能用完整句子、名词或名词性短语、名词性从句词性短语、名词性从句词性短语、名词性从句词性短语、名词性从句(多为宾语从句多为宾语从句多为宾语从句多为宾语从句)来回答来回答来回答来回答;What are the purposes of celebrating the Earth Day?真题链接真题链接真题链接
9、真题链接To help more people realize the importance of protecting the earth and encourage people to take action.What is the writers purpose of writing this passage?To give suggestions about what to do to feel good and have fun on hot days.模拟链接模拟链接模拟链接模拟链接Why should they have proper weight?真题链接真题链接真题链接真题链
10、接Because they wont get hurt when they land,or get blown by strong winds.Why did the restaurant workers have no time to learn English?真题链接真题链接真题链接真题链接Because they often worked 17 hours a day.Why did Chinese people have“ByeBye Throwaway Culture Week”?真题链接真题链接真题链接真题链接Because they wanted everyone to sto
11、p throwing away plastic bags.How did young Chico get money?真题链接真题链接真题链接真题链接 By taking a little rubberHow do we make our mother feel close to us?模拟链接模拟链接模拟链接模拟链接By respecting her point of view.When was Chico murdered?真题链接真题链接真题链接真题链接 On December 22，1988Where do they jump from?真题链接真题链接真题链接真题链接 They ju
12、mp from planes.What are Smokejumpers?真题链接真题链接真题链接真题链接 Smokejumpers are a special kind of firefighter.What can help us understand our mother better?Remembering/Knowing our mothers age.真题链接真题链接真题链接真题链接解题步骤解题步骤1.初读文章，标好段。初读文章，标好段。2.根据问题中的根据问题中的 key words 在文章中定位在文章中定位 信息。信息。-稳、准、快稳、准、快3.表述信息表述信息 精（炼）精（炼
13、）准准(确确)变变人称人称时态时态阅读回答问题第5题的解法1.要点通常包括要点通常包括两个两个或或多于两个多于两个。2.抓住文章的抓住文章的结构结构，通过语篇结构分析文章的，通过语篇结构分析文章的主旨大意。主旨大意。3.记住下列单词的拼写及中文意思：记住下列单词的拼写及中文意思：development(n.),history(n.),(dis)advantage(n.),Importance(n.),suggestion(n.)value(n.)information(n.),Introduction(n.),feature(n.)，responsible(adj.),creative(adj
14、.)successful(adj.)confident,(adj.)achieve(v.),encourage(v.)4.最后一题通常是用陈述句。记住这些有用的句型：最后一题通常是用陈述句。记住这些有用的句型：Its(about)Whatis and howTo helpand encourage Para4.Although most smokejumpers are men,more women are joining.Most important are your weight and height.Smokejumpers in the U.S.for example,must be
15、54 to 91 kilograms,so they dont get hurt when they land,or get blown by strong winds.Para5.Smokejumpers must be able to live in the wilderness.in Russia,many smokejumpers know how to find food in the forest and even make simple furniture from trees.Para6.They work is dangerous,the hours are long.But
16、 for these firefighters,smokejumpers isnt just a job.They love being able to jump out of planes,fight fires,and live in the forest.As 28-year-old Russian smokejumpers Alexi Tishin says,“This is the best job for the strong and brave.”Whats needed to be a smokejumpers?此题答案应在此题答案应在4、5、6段中找，划线部分为答题段中找，划
17、线部分为答题依据。表述时要把它们归纳成一句。依据。表述时要把它们归纳成一句。To be a smokejumper,one needs to have proper height and weight,be able to live in the wilderness and love his/her job.真题链接真题链接真题链接真题链接 We need to be responsible for our environment.Being a frugal consumer(节俭的消费者节俭的消费者)is one way to help.But,what exactly does tha
18、t mean?Use It Up You can use things up instead of wasting them.Squeeze that last bit of toothpaste out of the tube.Use the last little piece of soap.Wear It Out You do not always need to have new things.Suppose your sneakers anymore.Then you can get a new one.What does the writer want to tell us?此题语
19、篇结构是解题关键，文中有小标题此题语篇结构是解题关键，文中有小标题,文章为总文章为总-分分结构。总结构。总-分结构的主旨大意应该在分结构的主旨大意应该在“总总”-也就是第也就是第一段中找。作者在第一段就开门见山说明要对环境负一段中找。作者在第一段就开门见山说明要对环境负责，下面每一个小标题都在说责，下面每一个小标题都在说what exactly a frugal consumer means，也就是，也就是how to be a frugal consumer。Why and how to be a responsible consumer？真题链接真题链接真题链接真题链接What does
20、the writer want to tell us?此题语篇结构是解题关键，文中有小标题此题语篇结构是解题关键，文中有小标题,文章为文章为总总-分结构。总分结构。总-分结构的主旨大意应该在分结构的主旨大意应该在“总总”-也也就是第一段中找。就是第一段中找。the road rules是关键词，下面是关键词，下面的小标题都是在说的小标题都是在说road rules,最后的小标题在说最后的小标题在说more information，也需要总结。，也需要总结。Some road rules and the ways to get more information on road safety in
21、 New Zealand.真题链接真题链接真题链接真题链接 What are the main points about Chinatown in this passage?归纳第一段大意为归纳第一段大意为Where it is，其余段落作者，其余段落作者是按照时间顺序写的可总结为是按照时间顺序写的可总结为how it has developed。Where it is and how it has developed.Chinatown is the name given to an area in the middle of LondonIt is just between Leicest
22、er Square and Shaftsbury AvenueGerrard Street is at the center and is the most important street in the areaThere is a large Chinese community（社区）（社区）with a lot of Chinese restaurants,Chinese supermarkets and shops in this street In the 1950s,it was a poor area and everything was very cheap.In the 19
23、70s and 1980s,British-born Chinese started to have a better education and this brought.Now everyone knows about Londons ChinatownDuring the Chinese New Year,.真题链接真题链接真题链接真题链接 模拟链接模拟链接模拟链接模拟链接What are the main points about the Twins Day Festival in this passage?归纳第一段大意为归纳第一段大意为What the Twins Day Fest
24、ival is，其余段落作者是按照时间顺序写的，其余段落作者是按照时间顺序写的可总结为可总结为how it has developed。What the Twins Day Festival is and how it has developed.真题链接真题链接真题链接真题链接What are the purposes of celebrating the Earth Day?To help more people realize the importanceof protecting the earth and encouragepeople to take action.真题链接真题链接
25、真题链接真题链接 One cool April 22 morning,people started the day as usual.Yet it was not a normal day.Whats so special about April 22?The answer is simple.It is Earth Day.People all over the world celebrate this important day.The idea of having a special day to celebrate Earth began in the 1960s.Life was v
26、ery different then.Few people talked or even thought about the environment.Most people had no idea how dirty our air and water were.On April 22,1970,twenty million(百万百万)Americans joined the first Earth Day activities.They showed that people really did want to do something about the environment.Since
27、 then laws have been passed to protect the air,water,land,and animals.The vehicles such as cars and buses you ride in must pass tests to make sure they dont cause too much pollution.Thanks to this law,cars today release(排放排放)about half as many bad chemicals as cars did back in 1970.As a result,the a
28、ir we breathe is cleaner than it once was.Rivers and lakes are also cleaner today than they were in the 1970s.Its a good thing because they needed a lot of help.The Cuyahoga River in Ohio was so polluted that rubbish and oil on the river even caught fire!Today,the river is cleaner.It no longer burns
29、.Its healthy enough for birds,fish,and other animals.Now the celebration has spread to other countries.More than 175 countries take part each year.真题链接真题链接真题链接真题链接 In 2007,people in China paid much attention to a big problem.People were throwing away 27 million plastic bags a day!People had“Bye-Bye
30、Throwaway Culture Week.”They wanted everyone to see how wasteful it was to use so many plastic bags.In 2008,China passed new laws against them.Every April 22,millions get together to clean and protect Earth.They also celebrate how far we have come.Our job is to put this knowledge to work.You can hel
31、p keep our planet healthy too!此题关键问的是此题关键问的是the purposes of celebrating the Earth Day，找到关键句再加以归纳总结。，找到关键句再加以归纳总结。To help more people realize the importanceof protecting the earth and encouragepeople to take action.解题技巧解题技巧1.1.1.1.在组织答语时要看清问题，不要答非所问，同时表述的句子内容在组织答语时要看清问题，不要答非所问，同时表述的句子内容在组织答语时要看清问题，不要
32、答非所问，同时表述的句子内容在组织答语时要看清问题，不要答非所问，同时表述的句子内容要简洁明了、语法正确、语句通顺、书写规范，不要照搬照抄原文要简洁明了、语法正确、语句通顺、书写规范，不要照搬照抄原文要简洁明了、语法正确、语句通顺、书写规范，不要照搬照抄原文要简洁明了、语法正确、语句通顺、书写规范，不要照搬照抄原文的句子。的句子。的句子。的句子。2.2.2.2.最后一题要关注语篇结构（总最后一题要关注语篇结构（总最后一题要关注语篇结构（总最后一题要关注语篇结构（总-分、分分、分分、分分、分-总、总总、总总、总总、总-分分分分-总），组织语总），组织语总），组织语总），组织语言时要避免使用不熟悉
33、的句型、词汇或短语，尽可能用原文中的关言时要避免使用不熟悉的句型、词汇或短语，尽可能用原文中的关言时要避免使用不熟悉的句型、词汇或短语，尽可能用原文中的关言时要避免使用不熟悉的句型、词汇或短语，尽可能用原文中的关键词语回答问题，但不能照抄原句，要对原文进行总结归纳。答案键词语回答问题，但不能照抄原句，要对原文进行总结归纳。答案键词语回答问题，但不能照抄原句，要对原文进行总结归纳。答案键词语回答问题，但不能照抄原句，要对原文进行总结归纳。答案通常是两个要点。通常是两个要点。通常是两个要点。通常是两个要点。2012201220122012年最后一题答案为三个要点。年最后一题答案为三个要点。年最后一题答案为三个要点。年最后一题答案为三个要点。总之，阅读短文回答问题基于理解，重在表达，要精炼概括，言简总之，阅读短文回答问题基于理解，重在表达，要精炼概括，言简总之，阅读短文回答问题基于理解，重在表达，要精炼概括，言简总之，阅读短文回答问题基于理解，重在表达，要精炼概括，言简意赅，体现意赅，体现意赅，体现意赅，体现“简简简简”与与与与“准准准准”二字。二字。二字。二字。