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1、UnitSixUrgingEstablishmentofL/C(催开信用证催开信用证)ObjectivesIntroductionObjectives1.买方开立信用证的时间买方开立信用证的时间 2.卖方催开信用证的一般情况卖方催开信用证的一般情况 3.撰写催开信用证的信函时的注意事项撰写催开信用证的信函时的注意事项 4.催开信用证的信函的撰写催开信用证的信函的撰写通过本章的学习，帮助学生掌握通过本章的学习，帮助学生掌握:IntroductionWhenshallL/Cbeopened:Itistheusualpracticethattheletterofcreditistobeopeneda
2、ndtoreachthesellers30daysaheadofshipmentsoastogivethesellerenoughtimetomakepreparationforshipment,suchasmakingthegoodsreadyandbookingshippingspace.Forpromptshipment,itisadvisablethattheletterofcreditbeissuedingoodtime.IntroductionPrinciplesofwritinglettersurgingestablishmentofL/C:Nosuggestionofannoy
3、anceisallowedtobeshownintheletterurgingestablishmentofL/C.Itisnotadvisable,exceptunderspecialconditions,tostartofftoostronglybyblamingthebuyerfornotexecutingthecontract.Thefirstmessagesentshouldthereforebeapolitenotesayingthatthegoodsorderedarereadybuttherelevantletterofcredithasnotyetbereceived.Ift
4、hefirstmessagebringsnoreply,asecondonewillbesent.Thisone,thoughstillrestrained,willexpressdisappointmentandsurprise.IntroductionThefollowingstructureisforyourreferenceinwritingaletterurgingestablishmentofL/C:1.Opentheletterinapositiveway.Forexample,inthefirstparagraphthesellerusuallyinformsthebuyert
5、hatthegoodsarereadyfordispatchorthattheshippingspacehasalreadybeenbooked.2.PolitelypushthebuyerstoopentheL/Cwithoutdelay,eitherbyreferringtothestipulationsofthecontractorbyremindingthebuyersoftheseriousnessofnotopeningtheL/Cintime.3.Expressexpectationsandaskthebuyerstotakeimmediateaction.UnitSixL/CA
6、mendment&Extension(信用证的修改与展期信用证的修改与展期)ObjectivesIntroductionObjectives1.在国际贸易中改证和展证的一般情况在国际贸易中改证和展证的一般情况 2.需要修改信用证的一般情况需要修改信用证的一般情况 3.信用证需要展期的一般情况信用证需要展期的一般情况 4.要求改证和展证的函电的撰写要求改证和展证的函电的撰写通过本章的学习，帮助学生掌握通过本章的学习，帮助学生掌握:IntroductionWhydoestheexporterhavetoamendtheL/C:Itisessentialfortheexportertodosobec
7、auseaminordifferencebetweentheclausesoftheL/Candthetermsstipulatedinthesalescontractorsalesconfirmation,ifnotdiscoveredordulyamended,maycausethesellermuchinconveniencebecausethenegotiatingbankwillrefusetomakethepayment.IntroductionInwhatcasesextensionoftheL/Cisnecessary:Therearetimeswhentheexporterf
8、ailstogetthegoodsreadyfortheshipmentintimeortheimporterrequeststhatshipmentbepostponedforonereasonoranother.Undersuchcircumstances,theexporterwillhavetoaskforextensionoftheexpirydateaswellasthedateofshipmentoftheL/C.IntroductionThefollowingstructureisforyourreferenceinwritingaletteraskingforL/Camend
9、mentorextension:1.AcknowledgereceiptoftheL/Candthankthebuyerforopeningit.2.Point out the problem politely and ask thebuyer to make the amendment accordingly.Usually,detailed and courteous explanationsforsucharequestshouldbeprovided.3.Endtheletterinawaythatencouragesthebuyertotakeimmediateaction.Unit
10、SevenShipment(装运装运)ObjectivesIntroductionObjectives1.常见的国际货物运输方式常见的国际货物运输方式2.国际货物运输涉及的环节国际货物运输涉及的环节3.国际货物运输涉及的当事人国际货物运输涉及的当事人4.装运指示的内容装运指示的内容5.装运通知的内容装运通知的内容6.有关货物运输的信函的撰写有关货物运输的信函的撰写通过本章的学习，帮助学生掌握通过本章的学习，帮助学生掌握:IntroductionThreepartiesinvolvedinthemovementofthegoods:theconsigner(发货人发货人)whosendstheg
11、oods;thecarrier(承运人承运人)whocarriesthem;theconsignee(收货人收货人)whoreceivesthematthedestination.IntroductionLettersregardingshipmentareusuallywrittenforthefollowingpurpose:qtosendshippinginstructionsandurgeanearlyshipment(敦促早日装运敦促早日装运)qtoamendshippingterms(装运条款装运条款)qtogiveshippingadvice(装运通知装运通知)Introduct
12、ionAshippingadviceusuallycontainsthefollowingpoints:thedateandnumberofbilloflading(B/L,提单提单)thedateandnumberofthecontractthenamesofcommoditiesandtheirqualityandvaluethenameofthecarryingvesselthenameoftheshippingport/loadingport(装货港装货港)theestimatedtimeofdeparture(EDT，预定起航日期预定起航日期)thenameofthedestinat
13、ionport(目的港目的港)theestimatedtimeofarrival(ETA，预定到港日期预定到港日期)alistoftherelevantshippingdocuments(货运单据货运单据)thanksforpatronageIntroductionInwritingaletterconcerningshipment,thefollowingstructureisstillapplicable:1.Opentheletterinapositiveway.Especiallywhennegative information is conveyed,great careshould
14、betaken.2.Explain the problem in great detail to try topersuadethereaderintoacceptingtherequestortomakethereaderfullyawareoftherequest.3.Close the letter by expressing good wishes toencouragethereadertocooperate.UnitSevenPacking&ShippingMarks(包装和唛头包装和唛头)ObjectivesIntroductionObjectives1.影响包装的因素影响包装的
15、因素 2.包装的类型包装的类型 3.运输标志的类型运输标志的类型 4.有关包装和运输标志的商务信函的撰写有关包装和运输标志的商务信函的撰写 通过本章的学习，帮助学生掌握通过本章的学习，帮助学生掌握:IntroductionFactorswhichinfluencethenatureofpacking:valueofthegoodsnatureofthetransitnatureofthecargocompliancewithcustomersorstatutoryrequirementsresalevalueofpackingmaterials,generalfragilityofcargov
16、ariationintemperatureduringthecourseofthetransiteaseofhandlingandstowageinsuranceacceptanceconditionscostofpackingIntroductionTwoformsofpacking:largepacking/outerpacking,i.e.packingfortransportationsmallpacking/innerpacking,i.e.packagingorsalespackingIntroductionThreeprincipaltypesofmarkingwhichmayh
17、avetobedoneonexportpackages:TheconsigneesowndistinctivemarksAnyofficialmarkrequiredbyauthoritiesSpecialdirectionsorwarningsIntroductionLetterswithsuchapurposeisusuallywritteninthefollowingway:1.Opentheletterbypointingouttheproblemunderdiscussion.2.Explainthepackingandshippingarrangementsingreatdetail.Incasethewriterwantsthereadertochangethepackingmethodortoacceptthechangedpackingmethod,detailedreasonsshouldbeprovided.3.Endtheletterbyaskingforcooperationorexpressingwishesforanearlyreply.